Download Chapter 9

Biology
Review for Test - Chapter 9,11,12
Handouts – Online packets on DNA diagrams and Chromosomes –
Genetics Revisited
The Cellular Basis of Inheritance- Chapter 9 – Concept 9.4 Cancer
cells grow and divide out of control.
DNA and the Language of Life – Chapter 11- Concept 11.2 Nucleic
acids store information in their sequences of chemical units, 11.3
DNA replication is the molecular mechanism of inheritance, 11.6
Mutations can change the meaning of Genes
Human Genetics-Chapter 12- 12.1 The nucleus contains an
information –rich genome, 12.2 – Accidents affecting chromosomes
can cause disorders. , 12.4 – Genetic changes contribute cancer
Terms to know:
1. benign tumor
2. malignant tumor
3. cancer
4. metastasis
5. DNA
6. nucleotide
7. nitrogenous base
8. pyrimidine
9. purine
10. double helix
11. DNA replication
12. helicase
13. DNA polymerase
14. mutation
15. mutagen
16. genome
17. histone
18. trisomy 21
19. nondisjunction
20. duplication
21. deletion
22. inversion
23. translocation
24. genetic counselor
25. karyotype analysis
Concepts you should know and understand.
1. Describe how DNA is packed within the nucleus.
2. Explain the significance of the Human Genome Project.
3. List and define four types of damage to chromosome structure that
can cause disorders.
4. How is a mother's age related to the probability of non-separation
of chromosomes in her gametes?
5. Describe how it is possible to predict certain genetic disorder.
6. Explain how mutations to genes that play a role in regulating the
cell cycle can lead to cancer.
7. Describe how inheriting certain mutations can increase a person’s
risk for cancer.
8. Identify the building blocks of DNA.
9. Describe DNA’s structure and the rules for base pairing in DNA.
10. Explain how the template mechanism is important in DNA
replication.
11. Describe the process of DNA replication.
12. Know the following chromosome disorders, Down Syndrome,
Kleinfelter Syndrome, Turner’s Syndrome.
13. The BRCA I and BRCA II gene mutation and effects on the
individual with the mutation.