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Chapter 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ACROSS DOWN 1 Congenital variations in the reproductive system, sometimes resulting in ambiguous genitals. 4 A condition in which one’s gender identity does not match one’s biological sex. 7 A broad term for individuals who may dress or present themselves in the gender of the opposite sex. 8 A term sometimes used to refer to individuals who live in a gender role that does not match their biological sex but who have no desire to surgically alter their genitalia. 9 The process through which we learn attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors appropriate to the social positions we occupy. 10 A theory that emphasizes the roles of reward and punishment in explaining how a child learns gender role behavior. 11 Describes the fact that women and men are employed in gendersegregated occupations. 12 The social norms that dictate what is socially regarded as appropriate female and male behavior. 13 People with the biological and anatomical sex of one gender but the self-concept of the opposite sex. 2 A term defined by biological constraints that can be enacted by members of one biological sex only—for example, wet nurse, sperm donor, childbearer. 3 This term refers to the disproportionate percentage of poverty experienced by women living alone or with their children. 4 Beliefs about the proper role relationships between women and men in any given society. 5 A form of androgyny that is devoid of the negative traits associated with masculinity (aggression, hardheartedness, indifference, selfishness, showing off, and vindictiveness). 6 An extremely rare condition in which individuals are born with both ovarian and testicular tissue. Fill in the missing term or definition. Biosocial theory or sociobiology The social and psychological characteristics associated with being female or male. gender role transcendence Sex characteristics typically associated with females or males found together in one person, resulting in mixed or ambiguous genitals. pseudohermaphroditism \ The biological distinction between females and males. Sexism A generic term for a person of one biological sex who displays characteristics of the other sex. Gender identity A term commonly associated with homosexual men who dress provocatively as women to attract men—sometimes as sexual customers. parental investment A term that describes being neither male nor female but a blend of both traits.