Download Matching On the lines provided, write the letter of the definition of

Basic Genetics Review Sheet
I-Matching
term.
1. genetics
2. trait
3. hybrid
4. gene
On the lines provided, write the letter of the definition of each
5. allele
6. gamete
7. probability
8. Punnett square
9. haploid
10.meiosis
a. likelihood that something will happen
b. process of reduction division
c. specific characteristic
d. produced by crossing parents with different
alleles
e. containing a single set of chromosomes
f. reproductive cell
g. factor that controls traits
h. diagram showing possible gene combinations
i. branch of biology that studies heredity
j. form of a gene
II- Define the following and show with an example (letters/pictures)
1-Dominant:
2-Recessive
3- Homozygous
4- Heterozygous
5- Crossover
6- Non disjunction
7- Incomplete dominance
8- Codominance
9- sex linked inheritance
III- Fill in the blank or circle the correct word choice
1- According to the principle known as ________________________ genes that
segregate independently do not influence each other’s inheritance.
2-________________results in the exchange of alleles and
produces new combinations of alleles.
3- The separation of alleles is called
segregation.
meiosis.
true-breeding.
crossing-over.
4-Organisms that have identical alleles for a particular
trait are
heterozygous.
diploid
polygenic.
homozygous.
5-An organism that has an allele for brown eyes and an allele for blue eyes is
true-breeding.
heterozygous.
homologous.
homozygous.
6-The genetic makeup of an organism is its
genotype.
genetics.
meiosis.
crossing-over.
Draw a diagram crossover and describe the importance of it
Solve the following genetics problems: Use the alleles as stated below.
Tall (T)
Short (t)
Round seed (R)
Wrinkled seed
(r)
Inflated pod (I)
Wrinkled pod (i)
Green Leaf (G)
Yellow Leaf (g)
1. Cross a heterozygous long stem plant with a short stem plant.
What is the resulting genotype ratio?
What is the resulting phenotype ratio?
Long stem (L)
Short stem (l)
2. Cross two heterozygous round, heterozygous green leaf plants.
What are the parent’s genotypes?
How many of the offspring will be round and yellow?
3. A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia marries a hemophiliac man. (This is a
sex-linked disorder)
What will the phenotypes of their male children be?
4. Colors of wheat kernels range from white (WW) to dark red (RR) with various
shades of pink (WR) in between. Cross two pink plants.
What are the genotypes of the F1 offspring?
5. By what pattern of inheritance is the trait from question #4 controlled;
meaning what type of dominance is exhibited?
6. A man Type O blood marries a woman with blood type AB. What are the
genotypes of their future children?
7. On what types of plants did Mendel do his hereditary experiments?
8. What is a Punnett Square and why is it used?
9.
Use the following information to explain Mendel’s Law of Independent
Assortment.
RrDd
RD
Meiosis
D
13. Examine the following Punnett Square:
T
t
TT
Tt
TT
Tt
Rd
rD
rd
A. What must the genotype for the second parent be?
B. What do the letters inside the boxes represent (be specific)?
14. Why is it that a male child is more likely to inherit a sex-linked disorder,
such as colorblindness than is his sister?
15- In summer squash, white fruit color (W) is dominant over yellow fruit color (w)
and disk-shaped fruit (D) is dominant over sphere-shaped fruit (d).. If a squash
plant that is white and disk-shaped fruit is crossed with a plant that is yellow,
sphere-shaped fruit, what will the phenotypic and genotypic ratios be for:
a. the F1 generation?
Pedigree - USING SCIENCE SKILLS
The pedigree shows the inheritance of free earlobes (F) and attached earlobes (f)
in five generations of a family. Attached earlobes are caused by a recessive allele
(f). Half-shaded symbols are NOT used in this pedigree to show carriers of the
allele.
Figure 14-2
1.
Inferring Is individual 2 in Figure 14-2 homozygous or heterozygous for free
earlobes? Explain.
2.
Interpreting Graphics In Figure 14-2, how many children of individuals 4 and 5 have
attached earlobes?
3.
Inferring Can you be certain of the genotype of individual 5 in Figure 14-2? Explain.
4. Predicting Predict the genotype and phenotype of individual 14 in Figure 14-2.
5. Inferring In Figure 14-2, are any of the descendants of individuals 1 and 2 homozygous
for free earlobes?