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Chapter 8 Test Study Guide Name ________________________ Carbon Compounds Answer Bank – Answers may be used more than once and can be combined =============================================================================== 2 4 6 8 Acids Alcohol Alkane Alkene Alkyne Amino Bond Branched chain Butane Carbohydrate Carbon Carboxyl Cellulose Cholesterol Decane Diamond Double Ester Ethane Fatty Formula Glucose Graphite Heptane Hexane Hydrocarbon Hydrogen Hydroxyl Isomer Lipid Methane Monomer Nonane Nucleic Nucleotide Octane Organic Oxygen Pentane Polymer Propane Protein Ring Saturated Single Straight chain Starch ` Structural Substituted Triple Unsaturated Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine Uracil =============================================================================== 1. Any compound that contains the element ___________________ is considered to be an organic compound. 2. ______________________ is a lipid needed to build cell structures in animal cells. 3. A(n) __________________________is a hydrocarbon that has at least one double bond between its carbon atoms. 4. A ________________ molecule is a complex carbohydrate made of repeating sugar molecules. 5. When an organic acid is mixed with an alcohol a(n) ___________________ is formed. 6. What are the 4 nucleotides found in RNA? _________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. A _____________________ hydrocarbon is one that has had one or more hydrogen atoms replaced with something else. 8. _______________________ is a carbohydrate that is known as “blood sugar” 9. A carbohydrate contains the elements ________________ ________________ and _________________ 10. An alkyne is a hydrocarbon that has at least one _____________________bond between carbon atoms 11. A ______________________ is an organic compound made of only hydrogen and carbon. 12. An organic acid is formed when a ________________ group is attached to a hydrocarbon. 13. _____________________________ ______________________________ three types of structural formulas present in hydrocarbons. _____________ are the 14. The incredible number of carbon compounds is due to the fact that carbon can form _________ bonds. 15. The (-OH) group is known as the ___________________ group. 16. DNA and RNA are polymers of _________________ 17. Polymers of fatty acids make the organic compounds called ______________________ 18. ___________________________ is a long chain of glucose molecules that is made by plants and cannot be digested by humans. 19. Proteins are polymers made of ___________________ _____________ 20. An _____________________________ hydrocarbon is one that has at least one double or triple bond between the carbon atoms or has a hydrogen atom replaced by something else. 21. A very hard mineral made only of carbon atoms is called ___________________ 22. Which group of hydrocarbons is considered to be saturated? ___________________________ 23. Which group of organic compounds are used to repair body tissues and make regulatory chemicals ________________________________ 24. What are the 4 nucleotides found in DNA? _______________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 25. What is the main differences between an alkane ,an alkene and an alkyne? ________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ DRAW THE STRAIGHT CHAIN STRUCTURE AND A BRANCHED CHAIN STRUCTURE FOR THE CHEMICAL FORMULAS BELOW. ON THE LINE WRITE IF IT IS A SATURATED OR UNSATURATED H/C AND WHAT TYPE OF HYDROCARBON IT IS C4H9OH ________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Name saturation type of hydrocarbon C5H10 ________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Name saturation type of hydrocarbon C7H13 COOH______________________ ________________________ __________________________ Name saturation type of hydrocarbon C10H18 ________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Name saturation type of hydrocarbon C8H18 ________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Name saturation type of hydrocarbon C6H11Br________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Name saturation type of hydrocarbon DRAW 2 BRANCHED CHAIN ISOMERS OF C8H18 BELOW (5 points each) DRAW A RING VERSION OF THE MOLECULE C8H16 USING THE FOLLOWING GRAPH TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW Boiling Points of Hydrocarbons 200 150 100 Boiling Point oC 50 0 Series1 CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4H10 C5H12 C6H14 C7H16 -50 -100 -150 -200 Hydrocarbons What is the approximate boiling point for each compound? If room temperature is 22 oC, which compounds are gases at room temperature? Which compounds are liquids at room temperature(22 oC)? What is the relationship between the number of carbons and the boiling point? Which compound has the lowest condensation point C8H18 C9H20
