Download PreAP_Physics_Spring_Semester_Practice_Final

PreAP Physics Spring Semester Practice FinalMultiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Suppose a doorknob is placed at the center of a door. Compared with a door whose knob is located at the edge, what
amount of force must be applied to this door to produce the torque exerted on the other door?
a. one-half as much
c. one-fourth as much
b. two times as much
d. four times as much
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2. A 20.0 kg child on roller skates, initially at rest, rolls 2.5 m down an incline at an angle of 22
If there is no friction between incline and skates, what is the kinetic energy of the child at the bottom of the incline?
(g = 9.81 m/s2.)
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3. A student walks to class at a velocity of 3 m/s. To avoid walking into a door as it opens, the student slows to a
velocity of 0.5 m/s. Now late for class, the student runs down the corridor at a velocity of 7 m/s. The student had the
least momentum
a. while walking at a velocity of 3 m/s.
b. while dodging the opening door.
c. immediately after the door opened.
d. while running to class at a velocity of 7 m/s.
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5. A diver with a mass of 75.0 kg jumps from a dock into a 150.0 kg boat at rest on the west side of the dock. If the
velocity of the diver in the air is 3.50 m/s to the west, what is the final velocity of the diver after landing in the boat?
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6. Each croquet ball in a set has a mass of 0.45 kg. The green ball travels at 9.6 m/s and strikes a stationary red ball. If
the green ball stops moving, what is the final speed of the red ball after the collision?
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7. Which of the following has the greatest momentum?
a. tortoise with a mass of 270 kg moving at a velocity of
0.5 m/s
b. hare with a mass of 2.7 kg moving at a velocity of 7
m/s
c. turtle with a mass of 91 kg moving at a velocity of 1.4
m/s
d. roadrunner with a mass of 1.8 kg moving at a velocity
of 6.7 m/s
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9. A force is applied to stop a moving shopping cart. Increasing the time interval over which the force is applied
a. requires a greater force.
c. requires a smaller force.
b. has no effect on the force needed.
d. requires the same force.
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10. A person sitting in a chair with wheels stands, causing the chair to roll backward across the floor. The momentum of
the chair
a. was zero while stationary and increased when the person stood.
b. was greatest while the person sat in the chair.
c. remained the same.
d. was zero when the person got out of the chair and increased while the person sat.
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11. A flight attendant pulls a 65.0 N flight bag a distance of 100.0 m along a level airport floor at a constant speed. A
36.0 N force is exerted on the bag at an angle of 45.0
bag?
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12. A baseball is pitched very fast. Another baseball of equal mass is pitched very slowly. Which of the following
statements is correct?
a. The fast-moving baseball is harder to stop because it has more momentum.
b. The slow-moving baseball is harder to stop because it has more momentum.
c. The fast-moving baseball is easier to stop because it has more momentum.
d. The slow-moving baseball is easier to stop because it has more momentum.
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13. A construction worker pushes a wheelbarrow 10.0 m with a horizontal force of 75.0 N. How much work is done by
the worker on the wheelbarrow?
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14. At a free boundary, waves are
a. neither reflected nor inverted.
b. reflected but not inverted.
c.
d.
reflected and inverted.
inverted but not reflected.
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15. One end of a taut rope is fixed to a post. What type of wave is demonstrated if the free end is quickly raised and
lowered?
a. pulse wave
c. sine wave
b. periodic wave
d. transverse wave
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16. A roller coaster loaded with passengers has a mass of 2.39 x 103 kg; the radius of curvature of the track at the lowest
point of the track is 25.2 m. If the vehicle has a tangential speed of 19 m/s at this point, what force is exerted on the
vehicle by the track?
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17. Which of the following is the time it takes to complete a cycle of motion?
a. amplitude
c. frequency
b. period
d. revolution
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20. A car with bad shock absorbers bounces up and down with a period of 1.5 s after hitting a bump. The car has a mass
of 1200 kg and is supported by four springs with a spring constant of 7000 N/m. What is the period for each spring?
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22. A force of 5.0 N is applied to a door at an angle of 55.0° and a distance of 0.25 m from the hinge. What is the torque
produced?
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23. What is the average power supplied by a 62.0 kg secretary running up a flight of stairs rising vertically 6.4 m in 6.0
s?
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25. A 3.0 m long stretched string is fixed at both ends. If standing waves with a wavelength of 1 L are produced on this
string, how many nodes will be formed?
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26. Which of the following represents Newton’s second law for rotating objects?
a. net torque = moment of inertia x angular acceleration
b. net torque = moment of inertia x angular acceleration
c. force = mass x acceleration
d. force = mass x acceleration
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27. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. The farther the force is from the axis of rotation, the more torque is produced.
b. The closer the force is to the axis of rotation, the more torque is produced.
c. The closer the force is to the axis of rotation, the easier it is to rotate the object.
d. The farther the force is from the axis of rotation, the less torque is produced.
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29. Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park shoots water every hour to a height of 38.0 m. With what velocity
does the water leave the ground? (Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.)
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30. Where should a force be applied on a lever arm to produce the most torque?
a. closest to the axis of rotation
b. farthest from the axis of rotation
c. in the middle of the lever arm
d. It doesn’t matter where the force is applied.
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32. A periodic wave has a wavelength of 0.70 m and a speed of 40 m/s. What is the wave frequency?
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33. If the only force acting on an object is friction during a given physical process, which of the following assumptions
must be made in regard to the object’s kinetic energy?
a. The kinetic energy decreases.
b. The kinetic energy increases.
c. The kinetic energy remains constant.
d. The kinetic energy decreases and then increases.
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34. The magnitude of the component of the force that does the work is 45.0 N. How much work is done on a bookshelf
being pulled 2.65 m at an angle of 38.0° from the horizontal?
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35. Which of the following energy forms is associated with an object due to its position?
a. potential
c. total
b. positional
d. kinetic
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36. A mass on a spring that has been compressed 0.20 m has a restoring force of 60 N. What is the spring constant?
37. Two snowballs with masses of 0.30 kg and 0.65 kg, respectively, collide head-on and combine to form a single
snowball. The initial speed for each is 14 m/s. If the velocity of the snowball with a mass of 1.0 kg is 3.0 m/s after
the collision, what is the decrease in kinetic energy?
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39. A child riding a bicycle has a total mass of 55.0 kg. The child approaches the top of a hill that is 15.0 m high and
150.0 m long at 3.5 m/s. If the force of friction between the bicycle and the hill is 22.0 N, what is the child’s velocity
at the bottom of the hill? (Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.)
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41. A 2 kg mass moving to the right makes an elastic head-on collision with a 4 kg mass moving to the left at 4 m/s. The
2 kg mass reverses direction after the collision and moves at 3 m/s. The 4 kg mass moves to the left at 1 m/s. What
was the initial velocity of the 2 kg mass?
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44. How much displacement will a coil spring with a spring constant of 120 N/m achieve if it is stretched by a 35 N
force?
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45. The dependence of equilibrium on the absence of net torque is
a. the first condition of equilibrium.
c. rotational equilibrium.
b. the second condition of equilibrium.
d. translational equilibrium.
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46. A pole vaulter clears 5.2 m. With what velocity does the vaulter strike the mat in the landing area? (Disregard air
resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.)
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48. Which of the following best describes the kinetic energy of each object after a two-body collision if the momentum
of the system is conserved?
a. must be less
c. might also be conserved
b. must also be conserved
d. is doubled in value
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50. A 0.15 kg mass suspended from a spring moves with simple harmonic motion. At the instant the mass is displaced
from equilibrium by –0.05 m, what is its acceleration? (The spring constant is 8.5 N/m.)
51. The electrical resistance of the part of the circuit shown between point X and point Y is
52.
53.
A certain coffeepot draws 4.0 A of current when it is operated on 120 V household lines. If
electrical energy costs 10 cents per kilowatt hour, how much does it cost to operate the coffeepot
for 2 hours?
The total equivalent resistance between points X and Y in the circuit shown above is
54.
In the circuit shown above, the value of r for which the current I is 0.5 ampere is
55.
Which two arrangements of resistors shown above have the same resistance between the terminals?
56.
In the circuit shown above, what is the value of the potential difference between points X and Y if the 6
volt battery has no internal resistance?
57.
A lamp, a voltmeter V, an ammeter A, and a battery with zero internal resistance are connected as
shown above. Connecting another lamp in parallel with the first lamp as shown by the dashed lines would