Download Atomic Structure Problem Set PROBLEM SET #3: ATOMIC

Atomic Structure
Problem Set
PROBLEM SET #3: ATOMIC CONCEPTS I
1. _________
6. _________
Which pair must represent atoms of the same
element?
The atoms in a sample of an element must contain
nuclei with the same number of
1.
and
1. electrons
2. protons
2.
and
3. neutrons
3.
and
4. nucleons
4.
and
2. _________
Which substance is composed of atoms that all have
the same atomic number?
1. magnesium
2. methane
3. ethane
4. ethene
3. _________
All samples of an element are composed of atoms
with the same
1. atomic mass
2. atomic number
3. number of nucleons
4. number of neutrons
4. _________
In a sample of pure copper, all atoms have atomic
numbers which are
1. the same and the atoms have the same
number of electrons
2. the same, but the atoms have a different
number of electrons
3. different, but the atoms have the same
number of electrons
4. different and the atoms have a different
number of electrons
7. _________
All the atoms of argon have the same
1. atomic mass
2. atomic number
3. number of neutrons
4. number of nucleons
8. _________
The atomic number of any atom is equal to the
number of
1. neutrons in the atom, only
2. protons in the atom, only
3. neutrons plus protons in the atoms
4. protons plus electrons in the atom
9. _________
Two atoms will always have the same atomic
number if they have the same
1. mass number
2. number of protons
3. number of neutrons
4. number of nucleons
10. _________
What is the symbol for an atom containing 20
protons and 22 neutrons?
1.
2.
5. _________
In a sample of the element potassium, each atom
has
1. 19 protons
2. 20 neutrons
3. 39 protons and neutrons
4. 39 neutrons
3.
4.
11. _________
Which symbol represents an isotope of carbon?
1.
2.
3.
4.
12. _________
Which term refers to the region of an atom where an
electron is most likely to be found?
1. orbital
2. orbit
3. quantum
4. spectrum
13. _________
Which statement best describes an electron?
1. It has a smaller mass than a proton and a
negative charge.
2. It has a smaller mass than a proton and a
positive charge.
3. It has a greater mass than a proton and a
negative charge.
4. It has a greater mass than a proton and a
positive charge.
14. _________
What is the mass number of an atom which contains
28 protons, 28 electrons and 34 neutrons?
1. 28
2. 56
3. 62
4. 90
15. _________
In an experiment, alpha particles were used to
bombard gold foil. As a result of this experiment,
the conclusion was made that the nucleus of an
atom is
1. smaller than the atom and positively charged
2. smaller than the atom and negatively
charged
3. larger than the atom and positively charged
4. larger than the atom and negatively charged
16. _________
Which particles account for most of the mass of the
atom?
1. protons and neutrons
2. protons and electrons
3. neutrons and electrons
4. neutrons and positrons
17. _________
How many protons are in the nucleus of an atom of
beryllium?
1. 5
2. 2
3. 9
4. 4
18. _________
Which two atoms are isotopes?
1.
and
2.
and
3.
and
4.
and
19. _________
What is a possible mass number of a sodium atom?
1. 1
2. 11
3. 12
4. 23
20. _________
Compared to the entire atom, the nucleus of the
atom is
1. smaller and contains most of the atom's
mass
2. smaller and contains little of the atom's mass
3. larger and contains most of the atom's mass
4. larger and contains little of the atom's mass
21. _________
All isotopes of a given element must have the same
1. atomic mass
2. atomic number
3. mass number
4. number of neutrons
22. _________
Which particle has a mass of approximately one
atomic mass unit and a unit positive charge?
1. a neutron
2. a proton
3. a beta particle
4. an alpha particle
28. _________
The total number of electrons in a neutral atom of
every element is always equal to the atom's
1. mass number
2. number of neutrons
3. number of protons
4. number of nucleons
23. _________
An atom of carbon-14 contains
1. 8 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons
2. 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 8 electrons
3. 6 protons, 8 neutrons and 8 electrons
4. 6 protons, 8 neutrons and 6 electrons
29. _________
Which atom has a nucleus that contains 13 protons
and 14 neutrons?
1. Mg
2. Be
3. Al
4. N
24. _________
What is the total number of neutrons in an atom of
1.
2.
3.
4.
?
82
125
207
289
30. _________
A particle of matter contains six protons, seven
neutrons, and six electrons. This particle must be a
1. neutral carbon atom
2. neutral nitrogen atom
3. positively charged carbon ion
4. positively charged nitrogen ion
25. _________
What is the total number of protons in the nucleus
of an F- ion?
1. 8
2. 9
3. 10
4. 11
31. _________
Which subatomic particle is found in the nucleus of
all isotopes of hydrogen?
1. proton
2. neutron
3. electron
4. positron
26. _________
Rutherford's gold foil experiment illustrated that the
atom
1. is mostly empty space
2. is densely packed with electrons
3. cannot be penetrated by any radiation
4. contains a negatively charged nucleus
32. _________
As the number of neutrons in the nucleus of a given
atom of an element increases, the atomic number of
that element
1. decreases
2. increases
3. remains the same
27. _________
Which atoms represent different isotopes of the
same element?
33. _________
The characteristic bright-line spectrum of an
element is produced when its electrons
1. form a covalent bond
2. form an ionic bond
3. move to a higher energy state
4. return to a lower energy state
1.
2.
and
and
3.
and
4.
and
34. _________
A substance that is composed only of atoms having
the same atomic number is classified as
1. a compound
2. an element
3. a homogeneous mixture
4. a heterogeneous mixture
35. _________
Which symbols represent atoms that are isotopes of
each other?
1. 14C and 14N
2. 16O and 18O
3. 131I and 131I
4. 222Rn and 222Ra
36. _________
The atomic mass of an element is defined as the
weighted average mass of that element's
1. most abundant isotope
2. least abundant isotope
3. naturally occuring isotopes
4. radioactive isotopes
37. _________
When electrons in an atom in the excited state fall
to lower energy levels, energy is
1. absorbed, only
2. released, only
3. neither released nor absorbed
4. both released and absorbed
38. _________
A neutron has approximately the same mass as
1. an alpha particle
2. a beta particle
3. an electron
4. a proton
39. _________
An atom of an element has 28 innermost electrons
and 7 outermost electrons. In which period of the
Periodic Table is this element located?
1. 5
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
40. _________
The major portion of an atom's mass consists of
1. electrons and protons
2. electrons and neutrons
3. neutrons and positrons
4. neutrons and protons
41. _________
Which atom contains exactly 15 protons?
1. phosphorus-32
2. sulfur-32
3. oxygen-15
4. nitrogen-15
42. _________
Which atoms contain the same number of neutrons?
1.
and
2.
and
3.
and
4.
and
43. _________
An ion with 5 protons, 6 neutrons, and a charge of
3+ has an atomic number of
1. 5
2. 6
3. 8
4. 11
44. _________
Electron X can change to a higher energy level or a
lower energy level. Which statement is true of
electron X?
1. Electron X emits energy when it changes to
a higher energy level.
2. Electron X absorbs energy when it changes
to a higher energy level.
3. Electron X absorbs energy when it changes
to a lower energy level.
4. Electron X neither emits nor absorbs energy
when it changes energy level.
45. _________
Base your answer to the question on the information
and the bright-line spectra represented below.
Many advertising signs depend on the production of
light emissions from gas-filled glass tubes that are
subjected to a high-voltage source. When light
emissions are passed through a spectroscope,
bright-line spectra are produced.
48. _________
Which change occurs when a barium atom loses
two electrons?
1. It becomes a negative ion and its radius
decreases.
2. It becomes a negative ion and its radius
increases.
3. It becomes a positive ion and its radius
decreases.
4. It becomes a positive ion and its radius
increases.
49. _________
How many electrons are contained in an Au3+ ion?
1. 76
2. 79
3. 82
4. 197
Identify the two gases in the unknown mixture.
1. A and B
2. A and D
3. B and C
4. C and D
46. _________
In the quantum mechanical model, an orbital is a
region of space in an atom where there is
1. a high probability of finding an electron
2. a high probability of finding a neutron
3. a circular path in which electrons are found
4. a circular path in which neutrons are found
47. _________
What is the charge of the nucleus in an atom of
oxygen-17?
1. 0
2. -2
3. +8
4. +17
50. _________
Which electron configuration represents the
electrons of an atom in an excited state?
1. 2-4
2. 2-6
3. 2-7-2
4. 2-8-2
51. _________
In comparison to an atom of
in the ground
state, an atom of
in the ground state has
1. three fewer neutrons
2. three fewer valence electrons
3. three more neutrons
4. three more valence electrons
52.
Base your answer on the data table, which shows
three isotopes of neon.
Based on natural abundances, the average atomic
mass of neon is closest to which whole number?
53. _________
Which of these phrases best describes an atom?
1. a positive nucleus surrounded by a hard
negative shell
2. a positive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of
negative charges
3. a hard sphere with positive particles
uniformly embedded
4. a hard sphere with negative particles
uniformly embedded
55. _________
The atomic mass of an element is the weighted
average of the masses of
1. its two most abundant isotopes
2. its two least abundant isotopes
3. all of its naturally occurring isotopes
4. all of its radioactive isotopes
56. _________
Which statement concerning elements is true?
1. Different elements must have different
numbers of isotopes.
2. Different elements must have different
numbers of neutrons.
3. All atoms of a given element must have the
same mass number.
4. All atoms of a given element must have the
same atomic number.
54. _________
Which statement is true about a proton and an
electron?
1. They have the same masses and the same
charges.
2. They have the same masses and different
charges.
3. They have different masses and the same
charges.
4. They have different masses and different
charges.
57.
Potassium ions are essential to human health. The
movement of dissolved potassium ions, K+(aq), in
and out of a nerve cell allows that cell to transmit an
electrical impulse.
What is the total number of electrons in a potassium
ion?
58. Base your answer to the question on the information below, which relates the numbers of neutrons and
protons for specific nuclides of C,
N, Ne, and S.
Using the point plotted on the
graph for neon, complete the
following table:
Element
Number
of
Protons
Number
of
Neutrons
Mass
Number
Nuclide
C
6
6
12
C-12
N
7
9
16
N-16
Ne
10
S
16
16
32
S-32