Download Energy and Environmental Consequences – TEP4220

Energy and Environmental Consequences – TEP4220
syllabus, v 10 jan '07
Lecture: Tuesdays 8:15-10:00 B2
Lecture: Fridays 14:15-16:00 KJL3
Exercise: Tuesdays 18:15-19:00 MA24 (likely to change)
Exam: 22.5 1500-1900
Spring semester 2007
Instructors
Professor Edgar Hertwich (EH), [email protected]
1.Amanuensis Anders Strømman (AS), [email protected]
Teaching Assistant Marte Reenaas, [email protected]
Fagets Timetall
4F + 1Øu + 7 Øs
F:
Forelesning
Øu:
Øvingsundervisning
Øs:
Selvstendig arbeid med øvings oppgaver
Goal
This course covers different environmental impacts of energy technology and the
methods with which these impacts are assessed and included in decision making. The
goal of the course is that students understand the impacts and their basic mechanism.
They should be able to conduct simple assessments of these impacts, using mathematical
models to quantify the consequences.
Prerequisits
Two years (30 credits) of university-level mathematics, physics or chemistry or
instructor's permission.
Content
This course presents an in-depth study of assessment methods used to evaluate the
environmental consequences of energy systems, including risk analysis, life-cycle
assessment, and external cost assessment. The impacts include ecological and human
health risks from various different emissions (particulate matter, sulfur, nitrogen, heavy
metals etc.) as well as climate change. Students will learn how to evaluate the
environmental and human health impacts of a specific energy technology. The course
covers the use of toxicological and epidemiological data in risk analysis, the modeling of
the fate and exposure of pollutants, and the assessment of impacts from climate change.
The course emphasizes the skill of turning real-world problems into simple mathematical
models. These models can be solved either on paper (maybe using a calculator) or in a
spreadsheet. We go through mass balance models, matrix manipulations and regression
models. Exercises will make use of MatLab, and models will be built in this
mathematical programming environment.
Grading
Grading is based on a written exam (50%), as well as exercises and class participation
(50%).
Reading
J. Houghton, 2004, Global Warming – The complete briefing. Cambridge.
Sections of the following material will be provided:
DM Kammen and DM Hassenzahl, 1999, Should we risk it? Princeton.
N De Nevers, 2000, Air pollution control engineering, 2nd ed., McGrawHill.
J Harte, 1988, Consider a spherical cow – A course in environmental problem solving.
University Science Books.
EG Hertwich and J. Pettersen, 2007, Energy and Pollution. NTNU.
Schedule
9.1
Introduction: The environmental consequences of energy use (EH)
Technologies – Emissions – Distribution – Exposure – Damage
12.1
16.1
19.1
23.1
26.1
Risk analysis - introduction (EH)
Reading: Should we risk it? Chapter 2
Lecture: Presentation basic concepts – slides
Example calculation, BaP from smoking
Combustion: Basic stoichiometry and energetics (AS)
Combustion: Temperature, NOx formation (AS)
Material balances as the basis of environment fate and exposure modeling (EH)
Reading: Energy and pollution, sections 1-3
Lecture: Stirred tank flow reactor – solutions; extensions
In-class exercise or quiz
Air Pollution: Meteorology
Reading: Air Pollution Control Engineering, Chapter 5
Lecture: Wind, atmospheric stability, adiabatic mixing height
30.1
Air Pollution: Gaussian Plume models
Reading: Air Pollution Control Engineering, Chapter 6
Lecture: Model derivation, plume rise, application to SO2
2.2
6.2
9.2
Air Pollution: Atmospheric reactions
Lecture: Review of issues connected to SO2, NOx, particulates, ozone smog,
organic chemicals
Multimedia environmental fate: Solving the mass balances (EH)
Reading: Energy and pollution, Section 4
Lecture: Solving multimedia mass balance equations in steady state and
dynamic conditions
Matlab tutorial (HNL)
Content: Building a multimedia environmental fate model
13.2
16.2
Intermedia transfer: diffusion and advection processes (EH)
Lecture: Fugacity concept. equipartitioning, diffusive processes, advective
transport
Exposure modeling
Lecture: Exposure calculations for a number of pathways
20.2
23.2
26.2-9.3
13.3
16.3
20.3
23.3
27-30.3
2.-10.4
13.4.
Detecting and estimating toxic responses: toxicology (EH)
Reading: Should we risk it? Chapter 5
Lecture: Toxicology, animal testing, risk estimation issue, type of information
we can gain
Detecting and estimating toxic responses: epidemiology (EH)
Reading: Should we risk it? Chapter 6
Lecture: Human populations, study types and designs, power of studies
Tiltaksukene /MatLab problem set
Human health risks: Issues and perspectives
Lecture: Risk estimation issues and comparative risk projects
Ecological risk assessment (Johan Pettersen)
Reading: Energy and Pollution, Section 5
Ecological risk assessment (Johan Pettersen)
Climate change – introduction, radiation balance model
Reading: Houghton, Ch 1+2
Excursions
Easter holiday
Greenhouse gases, carbon balance
Reading: Houghton, Ch 3
17.4.
Modelling the climate
Reading: Houghton, Ch 5
20.4.
Regional climate effects; Guest lecture Ivar Berthling, Geography Department
Reading: Houghton, Ch 6
24.4
Climates of the past; Guest lecture Terje Thun, Biology Department
Reading: Houghton, Ch 4
27.4
The impacts of climate change
Reading: Houghton, Ch 7
4.5.
Weighing the uncertainty
Reading: Houghton, Ch 8+9
8.5
Externalities of energy systems