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Integrated Science Name ________________________ Six Basic Nutrients Use the handout and food pyramid to answer the following. 1. Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of _________________. There are _____ forms of carbohydrates, __________ and complex. An example of a simple carbohydrate is ___________. Complex carbohydrates are known as ________ foods like _________ and pasta. Sugary carbohydrates like those found in candy and soft drinks are known as ____________ foods. 2. Fat is a high-energy fuel rich in ____________. Fats have twice as many calories as __________ or _______________. There are two kinds of fat, _________________ and _________________. Saturated fats are animal fats found in ___________, poultry, and _________ products. _______________fats are solid at room temperature, where as, unsaturated fats are _____________ at room temperature. Examples of unsaturated fats are ________, nuts and ______________. Too much saturated fat can clog arteries and contribute to ___________ disease and strokes. No more than ____% of your daily calories should come from fat. 3. Protein is often associated with muscle and muscle building. The most important function is the role protein plays in the____________ and of ___________ . Most Americans eat __________as much protein as needed daily. Extra protein is stored by the body as___________ . Proteins are made of chemical substances called _________acids. Nine amino acids are not made by the body and must be supplied by your _________. 4. Vitamins are required in very_______amounts. Eating a variety of foods should provide all the vitamins necessary to _________ a healthy body. Excess or mega doses of vitamins can be __________________and should be avoided. 5. Minerals are required in very _______amount and essential for ________ cells, bone ___________, and healing wounds. The body cannot store minerals, so you needed a __________ supply. 6. Water is a __________ most people don’t think about. Water makes up ____% of your body weight. It provides the environment for nearly all of the body’s ____________ reactions, helps ____________ food and plays a critical role as a body ____________ regulator. The water you lose daily through ____________ , urination, etc. and must be____________ . The Eating Right Pyramid What are the 6 Daily Food Groups and how many servings should you have from each? Give a food example for each level of the food pyramid. Choice # Servings/day Example 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. What food group do raisins fit in this pyramid? ________________ 8. What food group does peanut butter fit in this pyramid? ________________ 9. Name two foods that belong to the vegetable food group. __________ ____________ 10. What food group is the least nutritious and should be the smallest part of your diet? _________________ Refer to pp 600-608 in green text, Life Science, and answer the following questions. 11. For each of six nutrients listed, describe a major function (purpose). Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals Water 12. Discuss the relationship between your diet and your health. Include what might happen if you lack a particular nutrient. Give an example. (Hint use internet research!) 13. List 3 ways water is important to your body. Where or how can you get the 2 liters of water a day you need? 14. Why is the food pyramid small at the top and large at the bottom? 15. List specific foods that you might eat in order to have a balanced breakfast. Hint refer to food pyramid.