Download Six Basic Nutrients

Integrated Science
Name ________________________
Six Basic Nutrients
Use the handout and food pyramid to answer the following.
1.
Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of _________________. There are _____
forms of carbohydrates, __________ and complex. An example of a simple carbohydrate
is ___________. Complex carbohydrates are known as ________ foods like _________
and pasta. Sugary carbohydrates like those found in candy and soft drinks are known as
____________ foods.
2.
Fat is a high-energy fuel rich in ____________. Fats have twice as many calories as
__________ or _______________. There are two kinds of fat, _________________ and
_________________. Saturated fats are animal fats found in ___________, poultry, and
_________ products. _______________fats are solid at room temperature, where as,
unsaturated fats are _____________ at room temperature. Examples of unsaturated fats
are ________, nuts and ______________. Too much saturated fat can clog arteries and
contribute to ___________ disease and strokes. No more than ____% of your daily
calories should come from fat.
3.
Protein is often associated with muscle and muscle building. The most important
function is the role protein plays in the____________ and of ___________ . Most
Americans eat __________as much protein as needed daily. Extra protein is stored by
the body as___________ . Proteins are made of chemical substances called
_________acids. Nine amino acids are not made by the body and must be supplied by
your _________.
4.
Vitamins are required in very_______amounts. Eating a variety of foods should provide
all the vitamins necessary to _________ a healthy body. Excess or mega doses of
vitamins can be __________________and should be avoided.
5.
Minerals are required in very _______amount and essential for ________ cells, bone
___________, and healing wounds. The body cannot store minerals, so you needed a
__________ supply.
6.
Water is a __________ most people don’t think about. Water makes up ____% of your
body weight. It provides the environment for nearly all of the body’s ____________
reactions, helps ____________ food and plays a critical role as a body ____________
regulator. The water you lose daily through ____________ , urination, etc. and must
be____________ .
The Eating Right Pyramid
What are the 6 Daily Food Groups and how many servings should you have from each? Give a
food example for each level of the food pyramid.
Choice
# Servings/day
Example
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What food group do raisins fit in this pyramid? ________________
8.
What food group does peanut butter fit in this pyramid? ________________
9.
Name two foods that belong to the vegetable food group. __________ ____________
10.
What food group is the least nutritious and should be the smallest part of your diet?
_________________
Refer to pp 600-608 in green text, Life Science, and answer the following questions.
11. For each of six nutrients listed, describe a major function (purpose).
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
12. Discuss the relationship between your diet and your health. Include what might happen
if you lack a particular nutrient. Give an example. (Hint use internet research!)
13. List 3 ways water is important to your body. Where or how can you get the 2 liters of
water a day you need?
14. Why is the food pyramid small at the top and large at the bottom?
15. List specific foods that you might eat in order to have a balanced breakfast. Hint refer to
food pyramid.