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H-B Woodlawn Biology Classes – www.hbwbiology.net
Fall 2002
Jim's Biology Final Exam Review
Themes of Biology, Scientific Method, and Basic Chemistry
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
Mushroom
Biology Teacher
Paramecium
Tree
President Bush
at Andover
Senate Minority Leader
Daschle
____
1. Refer to the illustration above. Only the paramecium and President Bush are capable of maintaining a stable internal
environment.
____
2. Refer to the illustration above. All species are multicellular.
____
3. All living things are able to reproduce.
____
4. In 1999, the world’s human population passed 6 billion people.
____
5. Genetic engineers are trying to create crops that are less resistant to insects and microorganisms.
____
6. Genetic engineers are trying to create plants that are more resistant to frost damage.
____
7. Cystic fibrosis is a growth disorder of cells that occurs when cells divide uncontrollably within the body.
____
8. Scientific investigations always follow a series of rigidly defined steps.
____
9. A theory is a hypothesis that has been proven true.
____
10. A theory is an assumption made by scientists and implies a lack of certainty.
____
11. A molecule is an atom that has gained or lost an electron.
____
12. An atom with more electrons than protons has a positive charge.
____
13. Ionic bonds form between two negatively charged particles.
____
14. Nonpolar molecules dissolve well in water.
____
15. Organic compounds contain carbon atoms that are covalently bonded to other elements—typically hydrogen, oxygen, and
other carbon atoms.
____
16. A DNA nucleotide has three parts (bonus, name them: _____________ _____________ _____________ .
____
17. RNA is made up of a double strand of nucleotides.
____
18. When a person uses food as a source of energy to run a race, energy is converted from chemical energy to mechanical
energy.
____
19. When an enzyme binds with its substrate, the activation energy needed for the chemical reaction to occur is increased.
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
20. Metabolism is defined as the:
a. The functions of the cell membrane.
b.
The last phase of mitosis.
c.
d.
The sum of all of an organisms chemical
reactions.
Experimentation on abolism.
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21. A group of genetically similar organisms that can produce fertile offspring is called a
a. species.
c. mutation.
b. gene.
d. paramecium.
22. All living organisms are composed of
a. diatoms.
c. cells.
b. cellulose.
d. None of the above
23. As a characteristic of all living things, homeostasis relates most directly to which of the following biological themes?
a. interacting systems
c. evolution
b. stability
d. scale and structure
24. In what direction does energy flow?
a. sunplantsplant eatermeat eater
c. plant eaterplantssunmeat eater
b. plantssunplant eatermeat eater
d. sunplantsmeat eaterplant eater
25. In the previous question, the best substitute for “plant eater” would be
a. producer.
c. herbivore.
b. primary consumer.
d. b. and c., but not a.
26. In the same question, the best substitute for “meat eater” would be
a. producer.
c. carnivore.
b. secondary consumer.
d. b. and c., but not a.
27. Acid rain
a. has a low pH (less than 7.0).
c. may contain sulfuric acid.
b. may fall in the form of snow.
d. All of the above
28. A hypothesis is a
a. definite answer to a given problem.
b. testable possible explanation of an observation.
c. proven statement.
d. concluding statement.
29. The English physician Ronald Ross wanted to try to find the cause of malaria. Based on his observations, Dr. Ross
suggested that the Anopheles mosquito might spread malaria from person to person. This suggestion was a
a. prediction.
c. theory.
b. hypothesis.
d. scientific “truth.”
30. Dr. Ross knew that the parasite Plasmodium was always found in the blood of malaria patients. He thought that if the
Anopheles mosquitoes were responsible for spreading malaria, then Plasmodium would be found in the mosquitoes. This
ideas was a
a. prediction.
c. theory.
b. hypothesis.
d. scientific “truth.”
31. A planned procedure to test a hypothesis is called a(n)
a. prediction.
c. control.
b. experiment.
d. variable.
32. The variable that is measured in an experiment is the ____ variable.
a. independent.
c. control.
b. dependent.
d. experimental.
33. A unifying explanation for a broad range of observations is called a
a. hypothesis.
c. prediction.
b. theory.
d. controlled experiment.
34. A scientific theory
a. is absolutely certain.
b. is unchangeable.
c. may be revised as new evidence is presented.
d. is a controlled experiment.
35. The smallest particle of matter that can retain the chemical properties of carbon is a(n)
a. carbon molecule.
c. carbon atom.
b. carbon macromolecule.
d. element.
36. A substance that is composed of only one type of atom is called a(n)
a. nucleus.
c. element.
b. cell.
d. molecule.
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37. The bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons is called a(n)
a. hydrogen bond.
c. covalent bond.
b. ionic bond.
d. water bond.
38. Sharing of electrons in the outer energy levels of two atoms
a. results in ion formation.
b. occurs in covalent bonds.
c. only occurs if both are atoms of the same element.
d. is found only among carbon atoms.
39. Nonpolar molecules have
a. no negative or positive poles.
c. only a negative pole.
b. both negative and positive poles.
d. only a positive pole.
40. Water is important to life because it
a. surrounds all cells.
b. is found inside cells.
c. influences the shape of the cell membrane.
d. All of the above
41. Acidic solutions have a pH that is
a. less than 7.
c. a negative number.
b. between 7 and 14.
d. more than 7.
42. All organic compounds contain the element
a. carbon.
c. calcium.
b. nitrogen.
d. sodium.
43. Which of the following is a carbohydrate?
a. DNA
c. wax
b. insulin
d. sucrose
44. Animals store glucose in the form of
a. cellulose.
c. wax.
b. glycogen.
d. lipids.
45. Carbohydrates and lipids have many carbon-hydrogen bonds; therefore, they both
a. store energy in these bonds.
c. dissolve only in vinegar.
b. are easily dissolved in water.
d. exist only in cells of plants.
46. Polysaccharides are
a. carbohydrates.
c. proteins.
b. lipids.
d. unsaturated fats.
47. Lipids are
a. polar molecules.
c. water soluble.
b. similar to water molecules.
d. nonpolar molecules.
48. Which organic molecules below are most closely related to proteins?
a. amino acids
c. nucleotides
b. fatty acids
d. sugars
49. Long chains of amino acids are found in
a. carbohydrates.
c. proteins.
b. lipids.
d. sugars.
50. All of the following are examples of lipids except
a. saturated fats.
c. cholesterol.
b. starch.
d. earwax.
51. Liquid fats called oils contain
a. mostly unsaturated fatty acids.
c. many glucose molecules.
b. mostly saturated fatty acids.
d. amino acids.
52. Which organic molecules below are most closely related to lipids?
a. amino acids
c. nucleotides
b. fatty acids
d. sugars
53. A molecule shaped like a spiral staircase (double helix) is typical of
a. deoxyribonucleic acid.
c. lipids.
b. ribonucleic acid.
d. carbohydrates.
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54. DNA stores
a. fat.
b. carbohydrates.
Fall 2002
c.
d.
protein.
heredity information.
55. Refer to the illustration above. Which graph illustrates a reaction during which energy is released?
a. Graph A
b. Graph B
c. Both graphs, because all chemical reactions release energy
d. None of the above
56. The molecule on which an enzyme acts is called a(n)
a. active site.
c. organic molecule.
b. inactive site.
d. substrate.
57. Which of the following conditions affects the function of enzymes?
a. pH
c. enzyme concentration
b. heat
d. All of the above
58. Refer to the illustration above. Which of the following statements regarding the graph is true?
a. Reaction 2 occurs faster than Reaction 3 because Reaction 2 requires more energy than Reaction 3.
b. The difference between the graphs shown for Reaction 2 and Reaction 3 is because of a difference
in the activation energy of these reactions.
c. Reactant A contains more energy at the beginning of the reaction than product C has after the
reaction.
d. All of the above
59. A cell contains
a. thousands of different kinds of enzymes, each promoting a different chemical reaction.
b. one kind of enzyme that promotes thousands of different chemical reactions.
c. approximately 100 kinds of enzymes, each promoting a different chemical reaction.
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d. one enzyme that promotes photosynthesis and one enzyme that promotes cellular respiration.
60. Reducing activation energy
a. is a violation of the laws of nature.
b. requires higher temperatures than those found within cells.
c. occurs only when reactants are quickly added to the reaction mixture.
d. is accomplished by the action of catalysts on reactants.
Cell and Plasma Membrane Structure and Function
61. _______
Which of the following organisms do not have cell walls?
a. plants b. fungi c. bacteria d. animals.
62. _______
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which of the following is NOT true of membranes?
Folded membranes increase surface area for efficiency.
Folded membranes do not form compartments in the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum is made up of folded membranes.
Ribosomes are sometimes attached to folded membranes.
63. _______
a.
b.
c.
Cholesterol in the plasma membrane provides
Chemical stability
Structural rigidity
The cholesterol we absorb from eating plants
64. _______
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chlorophyll exists in the chloroplasts of
Animal cells
Plant cells
Fungi cells
both animal and plant cells, but not fungi.
65. _______
a.
b.
c.
Receptor proteins in the cell membrane
provide channels for active transport through the plasma membrane
provide binding sites for hormones
synthesize the protein-laden outer coating of the cell wall
66. _______
a.
b.
c.
d.
Folded membranes are an advantage to a cell because _______.
cell processes can be more efficient.
the membranes provide a large surface area.
the membranes form interconnected compartments.
all of these.
67. _______
All living things are made up of ________________.
a. cellulose b. cork c. wastes d. cells.
68. _______
a.
In a cell, the sites where proteins are synthesized (made) outside the nucleus are the
ribosomes
b. chromatin
c.
mitochondria
Match the descriptions with the appropriate term:
69. _______
Outermost layer of an animal cell
a. Cell membrane
b. Vacuole
c.
Ribosomes
70. _______
Folded membrane that packages, repackages, and delivers materials released by ER
a. Golgi apparatus
b. Eukaryote cell
c. ER
d.
71. _______
d.
Prokaryote
Cytoplasm
Vacuole that becomes a digestive site by producing enzymes
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H-B Woodlawn Biology Classes – www.hbwbiology.net
a.
Nucleus
b.
Mitochondria
Fall 2002
c.
Lysosome
d.
Golgi apparatus
72. _______
Manufacture proteins outside the nucleus (often attached to the rough ER)
a. Cell membrane
b. Vacuole
c. Ribosomes
d.
Prokaryote
73. _______
Cell with no true nucleus
a. Prokaryote
b. Nucleus
c.
Mitochondria
d.
Eukaryote
74. _______
Control center of the cell
a. Nucleolus
b. Vacuole
c.
Nucleus
d.
Prokaryote
d.
Prokaryote
75. _______
Network of folded membranes that transport materials through the cell
a. Centriole
b. Endoplasmic Reticulum
c. Ribosomes
76. _______
Fills space outside the nucleus
a. Centriole
b. Chloroplast
c.
Cytosol
d.
Prokaryote
77. _______
Makes energy for the cell
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondria
c.
Lysosome
d.
Golgi apparatus
78. _______
Storage area of the cell
a. Plasma membrane
b. Vacuole
c.
Ribosomes
d.
Prokaryotic cell
79. _______
Cell with nucleus, DNA, and organelles
a. Mitochondria
b. Lysosome
c. Golgi apparatus
d.
Eukaryotic cell
83. _______
An organism with a cell that does NOT have a true nucleus is a(n)
a. prokaryote
b. eukaryote
c.
icantkaryanote
84. _______
An organism with cells that have a nucleus, DNA, and organelles is a
a. prokaryote
b. ucantkaryanote
c.
eukaryote.
85. _______
In a cell, energy from the conversion of ATP to ADP takes place in the
a. mitochondria
b. ribosomes
c.
golgi apparatus
86. _______
In a typical animal cell, the cytoplasm occupies the area
a. inside of the nucleus.
b. outside of the nucleus.
c. on both sides of the nucleus.
87. _______
The pigment that gives plants their green color is
a. chlorosarah
b. chlorodavid c. chloronoraphillips
d. chlorophyll
Page 6 of 18
H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
World's Worst-Drawn Cell
Structure Identification Matching
Name______________
88. – 99. On this animal cell diagram, please identify the numbered structures using the lettered responses below.
88. ____
94. ____
89. ____
95. ____
90. ____
96. ____
91. ____
97. ____
92. ____
98. ____
93. ____
99. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
Plasma Membrane
Chromatin
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Nuclear Envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Vacuole
Cell Function and Energy
Choose the best answer for each question and record your answer on the answer sheet .
100. ______
________ Diffusion is particles moving from areas of (a. high / b. low) concentration to (c. high / d. low)
concentration.
101. ______
a.
A drop of ink put into a glass of water will:
Disappear
b.
Float
c.
Sink
d.
Spread (diffuse)
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102. ______
a.
103. ______
a.
104. ______
a.
105. ______
a.
Name____________________ Block _____
Substances move into and out of cells by:
Respiration
b.
Reflection
c.
Diffusion
d.
Absorption
Diffusion of particles through a cell wall is called:
Respiration
b.
Refraction
c.
Osmosis
d.
Gravity
When no energy is used in the movement of particles into and out of a cell it is called:
Weightlessness
b.
Passive
c.
Digestion
Transport
When large particles move into a cell it is called:
Refraction
b.
Exocytosis
c.
Endocytosis
d.
Active
Transport
d.
Absorption
106. ______
a.
When large particles move out of a cell it is called:
Absorption
b. Endocytosis
c.
Exocytosis
d.
Regurgitation
107. ______
True or False. To remove waste particles from the cell, the cell surrounds the waste particles with a sac.
108. ______
True or False. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering their activation energy.
109. ______
a.
The energy necessary to start a chemical reaction is called:
Nuclear energy
b. Catalytic
c.
conversion
110. ______
Activation
energy
d.
Potential energy
True or False. Catalysts only catalyze specific chemical reactions because they can only combine with specific
molecules.
111. ______
Please draw a molecule that might
combine with this catalyst:
Catalyst
112. ______
a.
The process of getting energy from the chemical reactions that break down food is called:
Cellular respiration
b. Concentration
c. Photosynthesis
d.
Protein synthesis
d.
Photosynthesis
113. ______
a.
Plants trap the sun's energy and store it in carbohydrates in a process called:
Chemosynthesis
b. Hydrolysis
c. Photolysis
114. ______
True or False. When cells need energy to start a chemical reaction, they react ATP molecules to release energy.
115. ______
Please label the following cellular respiration diagram using the labels ENERGY, ADP, and ATP:
+
a.
b.
ADP, ATP, Energy
Energy, ADP, ATP
c.
d.
ATP, ADP, Energy
Energy, ATP, ADP
116. ______
a.
The energy released in the above diagram can be used to start another:
Chemical reaction
b. Chromosome
c. Concentration
d.
Photosynthesis
d.
Protein synthesis
d.
Waste products
117. ______
a.
The cells in your body must perform _____________ to get energy from food.
Cellular respiration
b. Concentration
c. Photosynthesis
118. ______
a.
Catalysts lower the __________ needed to begin a chemical reaction.
Activation energy
b. Concentration
c. Protein synthesis
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119. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
120. ______
a.
e.
Which of the following is most accurate (true):
Active transport requires energy, passive transport does not.
Both active and passive transport require energy.
Osmosis and diffusion are examples of active transport.
Passive transport requires energy, active transport does not.
Oxidative respiration occurs in a cell's:
Cell wall
b.
Glucose
121. ______
a.
ADP
122. ______
a.
123. ______
a.
b.
Name____________________ Block _____
c.
Oxidative respiration produces 34 _____________ molecules!
b.
ATP
c.
The first step of cellular respiration is called:
Absorption
b.
Digestion
c.
Mitochondria
d.
Nucleus
Glucose
d.
Pyruvate
Endocytosis
d.
Glycolosis
Oxidative respiration is called "oxidative because it uses:
Carbon Dioxide
c.
Oxygen
Carbon Monoxide
d.
Sulfur Dioxide
124. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
The ribosome is an organelle that functions in the process of:
Cellular respiration
Controlling the nucleus
Phagocytosis
Protein synthesis
125. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
What would most likely happen if the ribosomes in a cell were not functioning?
The cell would undergo uncontrolled mitotic cell division.
The synthesis of enzymes would stop.
The cell would produce antibodies.
The rate of transport of glucose in the cytoplasm would increase.
126. ______
a.
The part of a plant cell that gives it support and shape is the:
Cell membrane
b. Cell wall
c.
Chloroplasts
d.
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
d.
Vacuoles
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is found in the cell's control center, called the:
Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Ribosomes
d.
Vacuole
Oxygen
d.
Water
Isotonic
d.
Osmotic
d.
Fermentation
d.
Golgi apparatus
127. ______
a.
The "powerhouse" of the cell is the:
Centrioles
b. Mitochondria
c.
128. ______
a.
129. ______
a.
Osmosis is the movement of ____ across a cell membrane.
Chemicals
b. Cytoplasm
c.
130. ______
a.
Water moves into a cell placed in a(n) _____ solution.
Hypertonic
b. Hypotonic
131. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
c.
Which energy conversion occurs in the process of photosynthesis?
Chemical bond energy is converted to nuclear energy
Light energy is converted to chemical bond energy
Light energy is converted to nuclear energy
Mechanical energy is converted to light energy
132. ______
Glucose--> 2 pyruvic acid--> 2 ethyl alcohol + 2 CO2 + energy
The process represented by this word equation is known as:
a. Aerobic
b. Chemosynthesis
c. Dehydration
respiration
synthesis
133. ______
a.
nucleolus
The control center of the cell is the:
b. nucleus
c.
ribosomes
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134. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
Name____________________ Block _____
An organelle is:
an individual organ of the body
another name for animal body parts
small parts of a cell
a scientific name for cells
135. ______
a.
Which of the following is found in animal cells but NOT in plant cells?
cytoplasm
b. chloroplasts
c. centrioles
136. ______
a.
plant cell
137. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
nuclei
139. ______
a.
b.
nucleus
cell membrane
140. ______
a.
chromosomes
c.
animal cell
d.
prokaryotic cell
c.
ribosomes
d.
cilia
The cellular function of the endoplasmic reticulum is to:
provide channels for the transport of materials
convert urea into a form usable by the cell
regulate all cell activities
change light energy into chemical bond energy
138. ______
a.
If the cell contains a nucleus, it must be a(n):
b. eukaryotic cell
d.
cell division
In which organelles are polypeptide chains synthesized?
b. vacuole
Which organelle contains heredity factors and controls most cell activities?
c. vacuole
d. endoplasmic reticulum
Centrioles are cell structures involved primarily in:
b. storage of fats
c.
enzyme production
d.
cellular respiration
141. ______
a.
Water moves out of a cell if the cell is placed in a(n) ______ solution.
hypertonic
b. osmotic
c. hypotonic
142. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
gain mass
lose mass
144. ______
a.
amylases
145. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
isotonic
d.
proteases
If cells are placed in a concentrated sugar solution, water will:
move from the sugar solution into the cells
move from the inside of the cell to the sugar solution
stay on the cell
move back and forth into and out of the cell at an equal rate
143. ______
a.
b.
d.
If an egg, with its shell removed, is placed in a sugar solution, the egg will:
c. stay the same
d. burst
mass
Enzymes which speed up the hydrolysis of fats are known as:
b. lipases
c.
maltases
Which of the following variables has the least direct effect on the rate of a hydrolytic reaction regulated by enzymes?
temperature
pH
carbon dioxide concentration
enzyme concentration
146. ______
During photosynthesis, molecules of oxygen are liberated from the "splitting" of water molecules. This is a direct result
of the:
a. dark reactions
b. light reactions
c. formation of PGAL
d. formation of CO2
147. ______
In which life function is the potential energy of organic compounds converted to a form of stored energy which can be
used by the cell?
a. transport
b. cellular respiration
c. excretion
d. regulation
148. ______
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which occurs in a plant cell but NOT in an animal cell during mitotic cell division:
formation of spindle fibers
chromosome duplication
formation of a cell plate
cytoplasmic division
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H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
149. ______
A plant cell with 12 chromosomes undergoes normal mitosis. What is the total number of chromosomes in each of the
resulting daughter cells?
a. 24
b. 12
c. 6
d. 4
150. ______
a.
lipid
Which is the principal inorganic compound found in the cytoplasm?
b. carbohydrate
c. water
d.
nucleic acid
151. ______
A specific organic compound contains only the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1. This
compound is most probably a :
a. nucleic acid
b. carbohydrate
c. protein
d. lipid
152. ______
a.
Starch is classified as a:
disaccharide
b.
polypeptide
c.
nucleotide
d.
polysaccharide
Chromosomes and Cell Division
Chromosomes and Mutations
153. _____
A change in an organism’s chromosome structure is called a
_____________.
a.
autosomes
154. _____
b.
Birth
155. _____
A mutation from a chromosome fragment attaching to its homologue,
copying certain genes, is called a _____________ ____________.
c.
Deletion mutation
156. _____
A mutation from a chromosome fragment reattaching to its original in
reverse order is called a _____________ ____________.
d.
Diploid
157. _____
A mutation from a fragment reattaching to a non-homologous
chromosome is called a _____________ ____________.
e.
Down syndrome
158. _____
A mutation from a piece of a chromosome breaking off completely,
which is often fatal, is called a _____________ ____________.
f.
Duplication mutation
159. _____
All eggs are present in a female human at the time of __________.
g.
Haploid
160. _____
Another name for a fertilized egg cell is __________________.
h.
Homologues
161. _____
Another name for Trisomy 21 is ________ ____________.
i.
Inversion mutation
162. _____
Prophase is the first phase in both mitosis and meiosis in which you
can ________________ chromosomes under a light microscope.
j.
Karyotype
163. _____
Cells that contain one set of chromosomes are called
__________________.
k.
Mutation
164. _____
Cells that contain two sets of chromosomes are called
__________________.
l.
See
165. _____
Chromosomes not directly involved in determining sex are called
__________________.
m. Sex chromosomes
166. _____
Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and genetic content are
called __________________.
n.
Translocation mutation
167. _____
Chromosomes that determine the sex of a zygote are called _____
_____________.
o.
Trisomy
168. _____
More than two copies of a chromosome is called ______________.
p.
XX
169. _____
The female chromosome pattern is ____.
q.
XY
170. _____
The male chromosome pattern is ____.
r.
Zygote
A diagram of chromosomes is called a __________________.
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H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
The Cell Cycle and Mitosis - Professionals meet and teleconference.
171. _____
________.
Cancer cells that remain at the original site is called a ________
a.
Anaphase
172. _____
Cancer cells that spread to other parts of the body is called a
________ ________.
b.
Benign tumor
173. _____
Cell structures of centrioles or microtubules involved in moving
chromosomes during cell division are called ____________.
c.
Cancer
174. _____
The collective term for the first three phases of the cell cycle is called
________________.
d.
Cell cycle
175. _____
The complete life cycle of a eukaryotic cell, a repeating cycle of
cellular growth and division, is called the _________ _________.
e.
checkpoint
176. _____
The first growth phase of Interphase, the major portion of the life of
most cells, is the ___________.
f.
Cytokinesis
177. _____
The phase of mitosis in which a nuclear envelope forms around the
chromosomes at each pole is called ______________.
g.
G1 Phase
178. _____
The phase of mitosis in which centromeres of the chromatids split and
resulting chromosomes split is called ______________.
h.
G2 Phase
179. _____
The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes coil and become visible
is called ______________.
i.
Interphase
180. _____
The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes meet at the equator of
the nucleus is called ______________.
j.
Malignant tumor
181. _____
The point at which the cell may or may not progress to the next step
in cell division is a _______________.
k.
Metaphase
182. _____
The process during cell division after the G2 phase in which the
nucleus divides into two nuclei is _______________.
l.
metastasis
183. _____
The process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of the cell
divides is called _______________.
m. Mitosis
184. _____
_______.
The second growth phase, in which cells prepare to divide is the
n.
Prophase
185. _____
The spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body
o.
S Phase
186. _____
The synthesis phase in which DNA is copied is the _______.
p.
Spindles
187. _____
Uncontrolled cell growth is called _______________.
q.
Telophase
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H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
Professionals meet and teleconference disappointedly, then professionals meet and teleconference happily.
188. _____
An individual produced by asexual reproduction is called a
a.
Anaphase I
189. _____
Cell division that halves the number of chromosomes to form gametes
or spores (sex cells) is called
b.
Anaphase II
190. _____
The entire life of an organism from one generation to the next is its
c.
Asexual reproduction
191. _____
The phase of meiosis in which chromosomes align at the equator of
the nucleus is called
d.
Clone
192. _____
The phase of meiosis in which homologous chromosomes pair at the
equator of the nucleus is called
e.
Crossing over
193. _____
The phase of meiosis in which the centromeres of the chromosomes
split and chromatids separate is called
f.
Fertilization
194. _____
split is called
The phase of meiosis in which the homologous chromosome pairs
g.
Independent Assortment
195. _____
called
The point at which gametes (sperm and eggs) join to form a zygote is
h.
life cycle
196. _____
The process by which eggs are produced in female animals is called
i.
Meiosis
197. _____
is called
The process in which a single parent passes genetic info to offspring
j.
Metaphase I
198. _____
is called
The random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
k.
Metaphase II
l.
Oogenesis
199. _____
When portions of a chromatid on one homologue are broken and
exchanged with corresponding portions on the other homologue, it is called
__________ ________ and contributes to genetic variation.
And more…
.
200. _____
Male gametes with tails are called ______________.
m. Ovum
Smaller cells from egg division, but without cytoplasm, that die are
n.
polar body
202. _____
The phase in meiosis in which a new spindle forms the new cell’s
single set of chromosomes is called ______________.
203. _____
The phase of meiosis in which a nuclear envelope forms around the
chromosomes at each pole is called ______________.
204. _____
The phase of meiosis in which a nuclear envelope forms around the
single set of chromosomes at each pole is called ______________.
205. _____
The phase of meiosis in which chromosomes coil and become visible
is called
o.
Prophase I
p.
Prophase II
q.
sexual reproduction
r.
Sperm
206. _____
207. _____
is called
208. _____
The process by which sperm are produced in male animals is called
The process of haploid cells from two parents join forming offspring
s.
t.
Spermatogenesis
Telophase I
The product of an egg cell division, also known as an egg, is called
u.
Telophase II
201. _____
called
Page 13 of 18
H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
DNA and Gene Technology
DNA Fingerprinting Questions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Key
1 Control
2 Blood at the crime scene
3 Victim
4 Suspect 1
5 Suspect 2
6 Suspect 3
7 Suspect 4
Which suspect’s DNA fingerprint most closely matches the DNA in the blood found at the crime scene?
209. _____
A.
B.
C.
D.
210. _____
Suspect 1
Suspect 2
Suspect 3
Suspect 4
What is the best reason for why DNA from the victim in the crime was included in the DNA fingerprint?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They might have killed themselves
Their identical twin might have killed them.
To determine if the DNA gathered at the crime scene belonged to the victim.
OJ Simpson might have killed the victim.
A.
B.
C.
D.
All of the following elements are present in DNA EXCEPT:
Carbon (sugar)
nitrogen
sulfur
phosphorous
211. _____
212. _____
In trying to determine whether DNA or protein was the genetic material, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase used which
of the following facts?
A. DNA does not contain sulfur, whereas protein does.
B. DNA contains phosphorous, but protein does not.
C. A and B are correct
D. None of the above are correct
213. _____
It became apparent to Watson and Crick after completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast
amount of hereditary information in its
A. sequence of bases
B. phosphate-sugar backbones
C. side groups of nitrogenous bases
D. different five-carbon sugars
Page 14 of 18
H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
Mendel and Heredity
Choose the best answer:
214. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
DNA is made up of two chromosomes on each gene.
It’s a classic story, Gene likes her, she likes somebody else; nobody is happy.
A gene is a segment of DNA; a chromosome is two copies (chromatids) of coiled DNA and associated proteins.
The chromosomes of each chromatid live on a segment of each gene.
215. ____
a.
b.
What are gametes?
An organism's reproductive cells.
The many small pieces of board
games.
216. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
A chromatid is:
The word in Webster's dictionary just before chromatie.
One of two exact copies of DNA and its associated proteins that make up a chromosome.
The uncoiled DNA in the nucleus during interphase.
Rereading question 1. makes me think the answer is not provided here.
217. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prokaryotes (bacteria) reproduce by a process called:
Mitosis
e. Asexual reproduction
Meiosis
f. Both c. and e.
Binary fission
g. All of the above
Sexual reproduction
h. Any of the above except c. and g.
218. ____
a.
b.
The passing of traits from one generation to the next is called
Binary fusion
c. Heredity
A will
d. Sitting next to your grannie at dinner
219. ____
a.
b.
The study of the patterns of heredity is called
Gender
c.
Generation X
d.
c.
d.
e.
A generic term for sperm and eggs.
The products of meiosis.
All of the above except b.
Genuflect
Genetics
220. ____
An Austrian monk and monastery high school teacher that was the first to develop rules to accurately predict patterns
of heredity
a. T.A. Knight
c. Mendel
b. T.A. Randy McKnight
d. Meddle
221. ____
A British farmer that cross-pollinated a variety of garden peas with purple flowers and a variety of pea flowers with
white flowers
a. T.A. Knight
c. Mendel
b. T.A. Randy McKnight
d. Meddle
222. ____
a.
b.
A mating between two organisms with two pairs of contrasting traits is called a
Moto-cross
c. Mono-hybrid cross
Di-hybrid cross
d. Bipolar cross
223. ____
A Mexican agave breeder asks if you think that allowing agave plants with a single form of one trait to freely reproduce
offspring is an example of true breeding. You should reply,
a. "Mais non, blah, blah, blah."
c. "Ah, voulez-vous un omlette du fromage?"
b. "Hey donkey shine"
d. "Si, senor."
224. ____
Choose the answer that represents parental generation, first filial generation, and offspring of the first
filial generation:
a. F1 F2, P
d. Children, Parents, Grandparents
b. X1, X2, X3
e. P, F1, F2
c. Grandparents, Parents, Children
f. Both c and e.
Page 15 of 18
H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
225. ____
If 117 individuals in a group of 126 top-ranked breaststrokers had webbed toes, the ratio of web-toed to unspectaculartoed swimmers would be
a. 117:126
c. 13:1
b. 9:1
d. 1:117
226. ____
Only three of the 48 H-B Woodlawn teachers are cool enough to drive Toyota Land Cruisers to school. The ratio of
ordinary teachers to Land Cruiser-driving teachers is
a. 16:1
c. 15:1
b. 48:3
d. 12:1
227. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
228. ____
a.
b.
Which of the following hypotheses is not part of Mendel’s theory of heredity?
For each inherited trait, an individual has two copies of a gene, one from each parent.
There are alternative versions of genes, called alleles.
When two different alleles occur together in offspring, one may be completely expressed and the other may have no
observable effect on the offspring’s appearance.
When gametes are formed (during Meiosis), the alleles for each gene separate from each other, so gametes carry only
one copy. During fertilization, each gamete contributes one allele.
Offspring generally inherit the worst combination of traits from their parents, suggesting that bad breath, quick
tempers, smelly feet, and poor math skills are dominant traits.
Different versions of a gene are called
Siskel and Simmons
Autry and Hackman
c.
d.
Lee and Levis
Alleles
229. ____
When alleles for two forms of a trait are present in an individuals genotype, the one that is not expressed in the
phenotype is called
a. Dominant
c. Recessive
b. Homozygous
d. Heterozygous
230. ____
a.
b.
An individual with two different alleles of a particular gene is called
Dominant
c. Heterozygous
Homozygous
d. Karyotype
231. ____
a.
b.
The set of two alleles that an individual has is called the individual’s
Genotype
c. Karyotype
Phenotype
d. Allelotype
232. ____
a.
b.
The physical appearance of a particular trait is called its
Genotype
c.
Phenotype
d.
Karyotype
Allelotype
233. ____
The law of inheritance that states that alleles for different genes separate independently from one another during
gamete formation is called
a. First Law of Motion
c. Law of Segregation
b. Law of Independent Assortment
d. Second Law of Thermodynamics
234. ____
A diagram that predicts the expected outcome of a genetic cross by considering all possible combinations of alleles
from gametes in the cross is called a
a. Punnett square
c. Homozygous pairing
b. Karyotype
d. Heterozygous pairing
235. ____
a.
b.
A cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive is called a
Test cross
c. Mono-hybrid cross
Di-hybrid cross
d. Bipolar cross
236. ____
a.
b.
A family history that shows how a particular trait is carried over several generations
Test cross
c. Pedigree
Pedagogy
d. Karyotype
237. ____
a.
b.
A trait whose allele is located on the X-chromosome.
Homozygous linkage
c.
Sex-linked trait
d.
Generation X
Generation Why?
Page 16 of 18
H-B Woodlawn Biology
Name____________________ Block _____
238. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance?
A child of a curly-haired parent and straight-haired parent that has wavy hair;
A cross between a red-flowered snapdragon and a white-flowered snapdragon resulting in pink-flowered offspring;
Skin color in humans
Rabbit fur color
Butterfly wing colors
All of the above
239. ____
a.
b.
c.
d.
Co-dominance differs from incomplete dominance because
Both traits are displayed in co-dominance
An intermediate trait is displayed in incomplete dominance
Both rely on successful negotiation between parents
both a. and b.
240. ____
a.
b.
In humans, blood types refer to two carbohydrates on the surface of red blood cells, known as
A antigen
c. C antigen
e. X antigen
B antigen
d. K antigen
f. both a. and b.
241. ____
a.
The alleles for blood types are
IA, IB, and i
b. A, E, and I
242. ____
a.
Of blood type alleles IA, IB, and i, which is recessive?
Types A and B
b. IA and IB
c. Only i
243. ____
a.
Which of the blood type alleles IA, IB, and i are co-dominant?
IA and IB
b. A and X
c. PP and pp
244. ____
a.
b.
What are the four possible blood types resulting from the alleles I A, IB, and i?
A, B, X and Y
c. A, B, AB and O
XX, XY, AA, and BB
d. A, E, I and O
245. ____
a.
b.
What combination of blood type alleles results in Blood type O?
IA IB
d. IA i
ii
e. IB i
A
A
I I
c.
c. PP, Pp, and pp
246. ____
a.
b.
c.
Which of the following are examples of traits influenced by the environment
Soil pH on Hydrangea flower color
d. Sun exposure and nutrition on human skin color and height
Temperature on arctic fox fur color
e. All of the above
Temperature on Siamese cat fur color
247. ____
a.
b.
Name the fatal genetic disorder in which chloride ions fail to pass through the cell membrane.
Cystic fibrosis
c. Sickle-cell anemia
e. Tay-Sachs disease
Hemophilia a
d. Huntingdon's disease
248. ____
a.
b.
Name the genetic disorder in which a defective form of protein hemoglobin that causes red blood cells to change shape.
Cystic fibrosis
c. Sickle-cell anemia
e. Tay-Sachs disease
Hemophilia a
d. Huntingdon's disease
249. ____
a.
b.
Name the genetic disorder involving gradual deterioration of brain tissues in middle age.
Cystic fibrosis
c. Sickle-cell anemia
e. Tay-Sachs disease
Hemophilia a
d. Huntingdon's disease
250. ____
a.
b.
Name the genetic disorder in which a defective brain enzyme causes deterioration of the central nervous system.
Cystic fibrosis
c. Sickle-cell anemia
e. Tay-Sachs disease
Hemophilia a
d. Huntingdon's disease
251. ____
a.
b.
c.
Name the sex-linked genetic disorder that impairs the blood’s ability to clot.
Cystic fibrosis
d. Huntingdon's disease
Hemophilia a
e. Tay-Sachs disease
Sickle-cell anemia
Page 17 of 18
H-B Woodlawn Biology
Page 18 of 18
Name____________________ Block _____