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U9 Ecology Test Review 2015-16
I. TEKS
11B: Investigate and analyze how organisms, populations, and communities respond to external factors.
11C: Summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of both organisms
and ecosystems.
11D: Describe how events and processes that occur during ecological succession can change populations and
species diversity.
12A: Interpret relationships, including predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, and competition among
organisms
12B: Compare variations and adaptations of organisms in different ecosystems.
12C: Analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using various models, including food chains,
food webs, and ecological pyramids.
12D: Recognize that long-term survival of species is dependent on changing resource bases that are limited.
12E: Describe the flow of matter through the carbon and nitrogen cycles and explain the consequences of disrupting
these cycles.
12F: Describe how environmental change can impact ecosystems stability.
II. Energy Flow
1.
What is the ultimate source of energy in most ecosystems (41)?
2.
Draw arrows to indicate energy flow in the food chain below (43).
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3.
Using the food web, place the organisms in the correct trophic levels on the pyramid (43-44).
5. If only 10% of energy is passed on when an organism is eaten, what happens to the other 90%?
6. Why does an ecosystem have a carrying capacity?
Image fromThompsma - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15367675
4.7. Identify the type of ecological pyramid below.
Type of Pyramid: ____________________________
Units: g/m2
Type of Pyramid: ____________________________
Type of Pyramid: ____________________________
Units: kcal/m2/yr
8. Identify the type of cycle below:
III. Ecological Relationships and Populations (38-40)
5.
Type of Cycle: _________________________
Type of Cycle: ___________________________
9. In the carbon cycle, what releases carbon? In the carbon cycle, what absorbs carbon?
10. In the nitrogen cycle, what needs to happen in order to turn the nitrogen into a usable form?
11. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
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The figure above shows a logistical (S-curve) for population growth (94-98).
6. What does K represent on the population growth curve and explain why this occurs in some populations (98)?
7. Identify four (4) factors that can limit population growth (94-96).
IV. Ecological Succession (62-64) and Nutrient Cycles (45-49)
8. Use the image below to summarize the difference between primary and secondary successions.
Image from http://www.britannica.com/science/secondary-succession/images-videos/Secondary-succession-follows-a-major-disturbance-such-as-a-fire/125659
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V. Sample Questions
1. In which way does the figure to the right differ from a typical model of trophic levels?
a. First-level consumers outnumber second-level consumers.
b. First-level consumers outnumber producers.
c. Second-level consumers outnumber first-level consumers.
d. Third-level consumers outnumber second-level consumers.
2. Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. The remaining energy is
used for the organism’s life processes, and the rest is
a. stored as body tissue.
c. used in reproduction.
b. stored as fat.
d. eliminated as heat.
3. As ecological succession progresses forward in time,
a. there is very little effect on the diversity of plant and animal life.
b. the diversity of plant and animal life increases.
c. the diversity of plant and animal life decreases.
d. none of these.
4. _____ describes how organisms respond to stimuli, and an example would include plants growing towards a light source.
a. Commensalism
c. Symbiosism
b. Parasitic
d. Tropism
5. Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
a. Species make up populations, which make up communities.
b. Populations make up species, which make up communities.
c. Communities make up species, which make up populations.
d. Species make up communities, which make up populations.
6. A cabbage worm strips a green pepper plant of all of its leaves. This is an example of what type of interaction?
a. commensalism
c. predator/prey
b. mutualism
d. tropism
7. The graph to the right shows changes in the populations of two species that interact
only with each other over a period of time. Which statement best describes these
two species?
a. Species A is a producer and species B is its consumer.
b. Species A is a host and species B is its parasite.
c. Species A is a predator and species B is its prey.
d. Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer.
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