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Name 1. Period Date Environmental Science Chapter 5 Study Guide ___ Where do the following organisms get their energy? Plants? __________________________ Animals? ______________________________ Volcanic vent bacteria? _______________________ Consumers? ______________________ Herbivores? __________________________ Omnivores? _____________________________ Producers? ___________________________ Carnivores? _____________________________ 2. Name two pioneer species: _________________________, ______________________________ 3. State 3 ways a fire help with succession? _______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________, ___________________________________________ 4 What percent of atmospheric gas is nitrogen? __________________________ 5. Name 3 fossil fuels that contain the carbon form plants and animals that died millions of years ago? _____________________________, _______________________, _________________________ 6. Why is burning fossil fuels increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere? ___________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Are the following ecosystems examples of primary or secondary succession? New volcanic island? _________________ Newly uncovered glacier land? ___________________ Asphalt parking lot? ____________________ Amazon rainforest? __________________________ Forest fire? ________________ Tornado damage? _________________ Bare rock? ___________________ 8. What lives in the roots of soy bean plants that fix nitrogen as part of the nitrogen cycle? __________________ 9. Write the equation for photosynthesis: __________________________________________________ Write the equation for respiration: ____________________________________________________ Compare them, what is true? ________________________________________________________ Reactants of photosynthesis? __________________________, ____________________________ Reactants of respiration? __________________________, ____________________________ End products of photosynthesis? _______________________, _________________________ End products of respiration? _______________________, _________________________ 10. Why are plants important in the carbon cycle? ________________________________________ 11. Why does succession happen? ____________________________________________________, 12. Give 3 examples of primary succession: ______________________________________________ ______________________________________, _______________________________________ 13. Give 3 examples of secondary succession: ___________________________________________ ______________________________________, _______________________________________ 14. Name 3 material you might find in the soil during primary succession: _____________________ _______________________________, ______________________________________ 15. What is found at the bottom trophic level of a food chain? ______________________________ 16. What term shows many possible feeding relationships in an ecosystem? ____________________ 17. What happens to energy consumed by organisms? _____________________________________ 18. Name 3 photosynthetic organisms. ___________________, ________________, ______________ 19. Give an example of a carbon sink: ___________________________________________ What is it? ______________________________________________________________________ 20. What kind of plants would you expect to find after 150 years of secondary succession in Georgia? _____________________________________ 21. What is the largest carbon reservoir on earth? _______________________________________ 22. How are fossil fuels formed? ____________________________________________________ Where are they located? ________________________________________________________ 24. What is the role of lichen in primary succession? ____________________________________ What can it do? _______________________________________________________________ 25. How much energy is available for the next step up the energy pyramid for those consumers?_______ 26. What is the process called for making food using sunlight’s energy?______________________ 27. What is an organism called that breaks down dead organisms? ___________________________ 28. Process called using O2 to breakdown glucose producing CO2, water and energy? ______________ 29. Succession used on new volcanic island or in the process of breaking down rock into soil? ______________________ 30. What do we use on our lawns that can upset the phosphorus and nitrogen cycles? _______________ 31. Final product of succession? __________________. 32. Eats only producers? _______________________ 33. Like a lion, eats only meat? ___________________ 34. Ultimate source of energy except deep oceans? ___________ 35. Underground carbon source from dead plants and animals? ____________________ Answers can be used more than once, all answers are used. Answer list: C6H12O6, CO2, O2, H2O, 6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2, C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O, sun, plants and animals, hydrogen sulfide, animals, tornado damage, forest fire, hurricane damage, primary, secondary, 10%, underground, Where carbon is stored out of the carbon cycle, can live on bare rock, asphalt parking lot, glacier exposed land, new volcanic island, 78%, algae, bacteria, plants, gas, coal, oil, limestone rock, rock chips, grass, decayed lichen and bacteria, dust particle from the air, food web, lichen, where carbon is stored out of the carbon cycle, can be stored as fats or sugar molecules, Allows carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis, New species make the environment less suitable for the previous species., reverse of each other, clears deadwood, releases seeds, encourages growth, tall mature oaks, limestone rock formations, ancient plants and animals, photosynthesis, respiration, decomposers, fertilizer, climax community, pioneer species, herbivores, carnivores, fossil fuels, sun Be prepared to draw a food web of listed organisms and know which ones will be more numerous.