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1.
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Environmental Science Chapter 5 Study Guide
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Where do the following organisms get their energy?
 Plants? __________________________ Animals? ______________________________
 Volcanic vent bacteria? _______________________ Consumers? ______________________
 Herbivores? __________________________ Omnivores? _____________________________
 Producers? ___________________________ Carnivores? _____________________________
2.
Name two pioneer species: _________________________, ______________________________
3.
State 3 ways a fire help with succession? _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________, ___________________________________________
4
What percent of atmospheric gas is nitrogen? __________________________
5.
Name 3 fossil fuels that contain the carbon form plants and animals that died millions of years ago?
_____________________________, _______________________, _________________________
6.
Why is burning fossil fuels increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere? ___________________
________________________________________________________________________________
7.
Are the following ecosystems examples of primary or secondary succession?
 New volcanic island? _________________ Newly uncovered glacier land? ___________________
 Asphalt parking lot? ____________________ Amazon rainforest? __________________________
 Forest fire? ________________ Tornado damage? _________________ Bare rock? ___________________
8.
What lives in the roots of soy bean plants that fix nitrogen as part of the nitrogen cycle? __________________
9.
Write the equation for photosynthesis: __________________________________________________
 Write the equation for respiration: ____________________________________________________
 Compare them, what is true? ________________________________________________________
 Reactants of photosynthesis? __________________________, ____________________________
 Reactants of respiration? __________________________, ____________________________
 End products of photosynthesis? _______________________, _________________________
 End products of respiration? _______________________, _________________________
10.
Why are plants important in the carbon cycle? ________________________________________
11.
Why does succession happen? ____________________________________________________,
12.
Give 3 examples of primary succession: ______________________________________________
______________________________________, _______________________________________
13.
Give 3 examples of secondary succession: ___________________________________________
______________________________________, _______________________________________
14.
Name 3 material you might find in the soil during primary succession: _____________________
_______________________________, ______________________________________
15.
What is found at the bottom trophic level of a food chain? ______________________________
16.
What term shows many possible feeding relationships in an ecosystem? ____________________
17.
What happens to energy consumed by organisms? _____________________________________
18.
Name 3 photosynthetic organisms. ___________________, ________________, ______________
19.
Give an example of a carbon sink: ___________________________________________
 What is it? ______________________________________________________________________
20.
What kind of plants would you expect to find after 150 years of secondary succession in Georgia?
_____________________________________
21.
What is the largest carbon reservoir on earth? _______________________________________
22.
How are fossil fuels formed? ____________________________________________________
 Where are they located? ________________________________________________________
24.
What is the role of lichen in primary succession? ____________________________________
 What can it do? _______________________________________________________________
25.
How much energy is available for the next step up the energy pyramid for those consumers?_______
26.
What is the process called for making food using sunlight’s energy?______________________
27.
What is an organism called that breaks down dead organisms? ___________________________
28.
Process called using O2 to breakdown glucose producing CO2, water and energy? ______________
29.
Succession used on new volcanic island or in the process of breaking down rock into soil? ______________________
30.
What do we use on our lawns that can upset the phosphorus and nitrogen cycles? _______________
31.
Final product of succession? __________________. 32. Eats only producers? _______________________
33.
Like a lion, eats only meat? ___________________ 34. Ultimate source of energy except deep oceans? ___________
35.
Underground carbon source from dead plants and animals? ____________________
Answers can be used more than once, all answers are used.
Answer list: C6H12O6, CO2, O2, H2O, 6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2, C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O, sun, plants
and animals, hydrogen sulfide, animals, tornado damage, forest fire, hurricane damage, primary, secondary, 10%,
underground, Where carbon is stored out of the carbon cycle, can live on bare rock, asphalt parking lot, glacier
exposed land, new volcanic island, 78%, algae, bacteria, plants, gas, coal, oil, limestone rock, rock chips, grass,
decayed lichen and bacteria, dust particle from the air, food web, lichen, where carbon is stored out of the carbon
cycle, can be stored as fats or sugar molecules, Allows carbon to enter an ecosystem through photosynthesis, New
species make the environment less suitable for the previous species., reverse of each other, clears deadwood,
releases seeds, encourages growth, tall mature oaks, limestone rock formations, ancient plants and animals,
photosynthesis, respiration, decomposers, fertilizer, climax community, pioneer species, herbivores, carnivores,
fossil fuels, sun
 Be prepared to draw a food web of listed organisms and know which ones will be more numerous.