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Physical Science Final Exam
1. Over time, there have been many scientists who have proposed different models of the atom.
According to the most current atomic theory, where are the electrons located?
A. in a dense, puddinglike region with the protons
B. in circular orbits around the nucleus
C. in the nucleus with the protons and the neutrons
D. in regions of probability known as electron clouds
2.
According to the law of conservation of mass, how much zinc was present in the zinc carbonate?
A. 88 g
B. 256 g
C. 104 g
D. 40 g
3. Four children are exerting force on a piece of rope.
If the children on the left exert 102 N of force to the west, and the children on the right exert 168
N of force to the east, what is the total net force exerted on the rope?
A. 66 N in both directions
B. 66 N to the west
C. 66 N to the east
D. The net force equals 0 N.
4.
Which of these elements has the greatest atomic mass?
A. helium
B. fluorine
C. sodium
D. hydrogen
5. Which of the following subatomic particles are neutral?
I. protons
II. neutrons
III. electrons
A. II and III only
B. I only
C. II only
D. III only
6. What is the density at 22°C of 13.0 milliliters of a liquid that has a mass of 4.45 grams?
A. 57.85 g/mL
B. 2.921 g/mL
C. 0.342 g/mL
D. 1,272.7 g/mL
7. A train blows its whistle as it approaches a train station. At first, the whistle can barely be
heard, but as the train gets closer, the whistle gets louder. This is an example of _______.
A. a sonic boom
B. interference
C. refraction
D. the Doppler effect
8. The most current atomic theory is known as the quantum mechanical model of the atom.
According to this theory, electrons are located in...
A. circular orbits around the nucleus.
B. electron clouds.
C. a dense, puddinglike region with the protons.
D. the nucleus.
9. Identify the formula for the binary covalent compound,
carbon tetrachloride.
A. C4Cl
B. CCl4
C. CCl4
D. 4CCl
10. Bunsen burners are often used in science labs as a source of heat. Which of the following
safety rules apply when using Bunsen burners in the lab?
A. All of these answers are correct.
B. Never leave the bunsen burner unattended.
C. Always point the opening away from yourself (and others) when heating a test tube.
D. Tie back long hair and roll up loose clothing.
11. In order to increase the rate at which a solute dissolves in a solvent, one could
A. increase the particle size of the solute.
B. decrease the volume of the solvent.
C. increase the temperature of the solvent.
D. decrease the pressure of the solution.
12.
What type of energy transfer occurs when you turn on a light bulb?
A. Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
B. Mechanical energy is converted into kinetic energy.
C. Electrical energy is transformed into heat and light energy.
D. Electrical energy is transformed into heat and mechanical energy.
13. A carpenter hits the head of a nail with a force of 100 N. What quantity of force does the nail
exert on the hammer?
A. 0 N
B. 50 N
C. 100 N
D. not enough information to answer
14. Which of the following pieces of equipment would be most appropriate for measuring the
volume of a marble?
A. a digital scale
B. a beaker
C. a graduated cylinder
D. a ruler
15. If a runner's speed increases from 3 m/s to 10 m/s in 15 seconds, what is the runner's
acceleration?
A. 2.14 m/s2
B. 0.47 m/s2
C. 0.87 m/s2
D. 1.15 m/s2
16. If a ball is rolled across a frictionless floor, what type of motion will it experience?
A. The ball will travel in a circular path.
B. The ball will immediately stop.
C. The ball will roll forward and then backwards in a straight line.
D. The ball will travel in a straight line path.
17.
Silicon has four valence electrons, fluorine has seven valence electrons, and oxygen has six
valence electrons. According to the Periodic Table, how many valence electrons does nitrogen
have?
A. 4
B. 7
C. 6
D. 5
18. The reason for wafting or fanning a small amount of chemical vapors toward the nose as a
means to detect odors in a test tube is to —
A. protect the respiratory tract against potentially harmful vapors.
B. determine the relative strength of the odor before smelling directly.
C. avoid experimental error from excessive loss of mass of reactants or products.
D. avoid splashing chemicals into the face of any person.
19. Which of the following measurement tools is used to measure mass?
A. thermometer
B. balance
C. meter stick
D. graduated cylinder
20. A block of maple wood with a volume of 385 cubic centimeters and a density of 0.66 g/cm3
is sawed in half. The density of the two smaller blocks is now —
A. two times the original density.
B. one-half the original density.
C. one-fourth the original density.
D. the same as the original density.
21. Which of the following diagrams represents a parallel circuit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
22. Which of the following reactions represents a synthesis reaction?
A. 2 H2O (l)
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)
ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
B. Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq)
2 MgO (s)
C. 2 Mg (s) + O2 (g)
D. Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2 HNO3 (aq)
Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)
23. A car traveled 120 km in 2 hours. What was its average speed in km per hour?
A. 45
B. 60
C. 40
D. 80
24. A table exerts a force on the ground. The ground exerts...
A. a lesser an opposite force on the table.
B. a greater and opposite force on the table.
C. an equal and opposite force on the table.
D. no force on the table.
25. Examine the molecular arrangement in the diagram below.
Which state of matter does the diagram best represent?
A. This diagram represents all three states of matter.
B. gas
C. liquid
D. solid
26. The rate of change in an object's velocity is called _______.
A. inertia
B. acceleration
C. momentum
D. speed
27. How much force is needed to accelerate a 1,200 kg car at a rate of 1.8 m/s2?
A. 3,888 N
B. 667 N
C. 2,160 N
D. 25,920 N
28.
___ PbO2
___ PbO + ___ O2
What are the coefficients that will balance this chemical equation?
A. 4, 3, 2
B. 3, 4, 2
C. 2, 2, 1
D. 2, 1, 1
29. According to Newton's second law of motion, force can be calculated by multiplying an
object's mass by its acceleration.
If weight is a measure of an object's force due to gravity, what is the weight of a student who has
a mass of 65 kg?
(Assume that the acceleration due to gravity equals 9.8 m/s2.)
A. 637 N
B. 6.6 N
C. 65 N
D. 55.2 N
30. In a liquid, the particles are arranged...
A. very far apart and move very fast.
B. close together but are free to flow.
C. very close together and move very little.
D. far apart and move very little.
31.
Which of these arrows would represent the path of a refracted ray of light?
A. W
B. Y
C. X
D. Z
32. In a direct current, the flow of electrons
A. periodically reverses direction.
B. is only in one direction.
C. occurs without any resistance.
D. stops and then restarts periodically.
33. Which of the following properties is generally true for both strong acids and strong bases?
A. They both produce hydroxide ions in solution.
B. They both have a pH equal to seven when dissolved in water.
C. They are both corrosive.
D. They both produce hydrogen ions in solution.
34. An unknown substance has a pH of 7. This substance is...
A. neutral.
B. an acid.
C. a base.
D. all of these
35. An unknown substance has a pH of 4.5. Therefore, the substance is...
A. neither acidic nor basic.
B. a base.
C. neutral.
D. an acid.