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PARTS of SPEECH NOUN- What is the person, place, or thing? VERB- What is the action? (they’re what you do) Special types of verbs are HELPING (AUXILARY) VERBS. They help us understand the main verb. They are: Do May Has Is Be Could Shall Does Must Have Am Being Would Will Did Might Had Are Been Should Can Was Were There are two types of main verbs. ACTION VERBS are actions you can perform, such as “run.” LINKING VERBS connect the subject to a noun or adjective. The most common are “is,” “am,” “are,” “was,” “were,” and “been.” ADJECTIVE- What describes the nouns? (tells the who or what) Special types of adjective are ARTICLES. They are “a,” “an,” and “the.” ADVERBS- What describes the verbs? (tells the when, where, or to what extent/ how much/ how often) Adverbs often end in “-ly.” PRONOUN- What takes the place of a noun? (They take the place of someone or something’s name: I, you, he, she, it, etc.) CONJUNCTIONS- What connects two or more things in the sentence? (These are “and,” “but,” “or”) INTERJECTIONS- What expresses excitement or emotion? (These are words like “wow,” “gosh,” “hey,” etc.) PREPOSITIONS- These begin phrases which usually tell us where or when something happens. Notice that prepositions include many opposites, such as “off” and “on,” and “up” and “down.” Guide for finding the parts of a sentence. 1. What/ who does the action? This is the SUBJECT. SAM throws Sally the ball. 2. What is the action? This is the VERB (simple predicate-action verb). Sam THROWS Sally the ball. 3. What has the action done to it? This is the DIRECT OBJECT. Sam throws Sally the BALL. 4. What/ who has the action done for it? This is the INDIRECT OBJECT. Sam throws SALLY the ball. 5. If there does not seem to be an action, is there one word that links the subject to a noun or adjective later in the sentence? This is the VERB ( a linking verb). Sam IS a baseball player. 6. If there is a linking verb, what is the subject being linked to? This is the PREDICATE WORD. Sam is a baseball PLAYER.