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... moral agents is another example of dynamic changes in the theory. The originally adopted model of assigning rightness and wrongness based on the production of positive consequences is modified to a position in which prevalence of these positive consequences is sufficient and their inclination toward ...
... moral agents is another example of dynamic changes in the theory. The originally adopted model of assigning rightness and wrongness based on the production of positive consequences is modified to a position in which prevalence of these positive consequences is sufficient and their inclination toward ...
Social Identities and Psychosocial Stress
... tress. The achievement of congruence, however, is not automatic. Rather, people continue to vary their outputs to achieve and maintain congruence, attempting to keep the behavior of others reflecting the identity standard they possesses (Swann & Hill 1982). This process of achieving and maintaining ...
... tress. The achievement of congruence, however, is not automatic. Rather, people continue to vary their outputs to achieve and maintain congruence, attempting to keep the behavior of others reflecting the identity standard they possesses (Swann & Hill 1982). This process of achieving and maintaining ...
Perceived Out-Group
... processes at work in reconciliation by considering the effects of subgroup and superordinate group identification among current members of one of the conflicting parties on their attitudes towards out-group members. We predict that stronger superordinate group identification (i.e., the nation) will ...
... processes at work in reconciliation by considering the effects of subgroup and superordinate group identification among current members of one of the conflicting parties on their attitudes towards out-group members. We predict that stronger superordinate group identification (i.e., the nation) will ...
A Feminist Reading of Virginia Woolf`s Mrs Dalloway
... All bodies are generated from the beginning of their social existence (and there is no existence that is not social), which means that there is no ‘natural body’ that pre-exists its cultural inscription. This seems to point towards the conclusion that gender is not something one is, it is something ...
... All bodies are generated from the beginning of their social existence (and there is no existence that is not social), which means that there is no ‘natural body’ that pre-exists its cultural inscription. This seems to point towards the conclusion that gender is not something one is, it is something ...
Friendship and Happiness from a Sociological Perspective
... social progress” (as cited in Veenhoven 2008, p. 46). From this he develops a sociological approach to happiness that differs from psychological conceptualizations of it as an interior mental or emotional state of well-being characterized by positive emotions ranging from feeling pleasant to experie ...
... social progress” (as cited in Veenhoven 2008, p. 46). From this he develops a sociological approach to happiness that differs from psychological conceptualizations of it as an interior mental or emotional state of well-being characterized by positive emotions ranging from feeling pleasant to experie ...
Why do people obey authority
... individual’s compliance. Unlike compliance or conformity within group processes, obedience has a public perception of being involuntary and is an explicit and overt form of social influence in which people fully believe in the legitimacy of external authority itself, as opposed to the more voluntary ...
... individual’s compliance. Unlike compliance or conformity within group processes, obedience has a public perception of being involuntary and is an explicit and overt form of social influence in which people fully believe in the legitimacy of external authority itself, as opposed to the more voluntary ...
Retirement raises happiness of unemployed people
... satisfaction is exactly the same as before they became unemployed. This jump in happiness is typically 50% higher than most people report after they have just got married. And it comes about because they no longer feel inadequate about not working. These are among the findings of research into the e ...
... satisfaction is exactly the same as before they became unemployed. This jump in happiness is typically 50% higher than most people report after they have just got married. And it comes about because they no longer feel inadequate about not working. These are among the findings of research into the e ...
Political Conformity: Evidence and Mechanisms
... perspectives. The authors concluded: “preferences are ‘contagious’ over the range of personal contacts” (p. 122). Their evidence for conformity (as opposed to other influence processes) is suggestive but not determinative: in addition to much within-group similarity, the researchers observed partici ...
... perspectives. The authors concluded: “preferences are ‘contagious’ over the range of personal contacts” (p. 122). Their evidence for conformity (as opposed to other influence processes) is suggestive but not determinative: in addition to much within-group similarity, the researchers observed partici ...
– 4–
... article is as much about shifting disciplinary walls as the lacunae between interior and exterior. Nonetheless, anthropological ethnography does not accord with Grosz’s internally inscriptive model in the same manner that, say, ethological studies or clinical psychoanalysis might. Rather, a closer a ...
... article is as much about shifting disciplinary walls as the lacunae between interior and exterior. Nonetheless, anthropological ethnography does not accord with Grosz’s internally inscriptive model in the same manner that, say, ethological studies or clinical psychoanalysis might. Rather, a closer a ...
Can You See the Real Me? Activation and Expression of the “True
... mistakes, the anonymity of the Internet enables people the opportunity to take on various personas,even a different gender, and to express facets of themselves without fear of disapproval and sanctions by those in their real-life social circle. The idea that people possess multiple senses of self, o ...
... mistakes, the anonymity of the Internet enables people the opportunity to take on various personas,even a different gender, and to express facets of themselves without fear of disapproval and sanctions by those in their real-life social circle. The idea that people possess multiple senses of self, o ...
Developing a Sociological Consciousness
... pursues the study of social interaction and group behavior through research governed by the rigorous and disciplined collection of data and analysis of facts. Many of us are not only interested in understanding society and human behavior. We also would like to improve the human condition so that we ...
... pursues the study of social interaction and group behavior through research governed by the rigorous and disciplined collection of data and analysis of facts. Many of us are not only interested in understanding society and human behavior. We also would like to improve the human condition so that we ...
A Review on the Attribution Theory in the Social
... the originals. Attribution theory in social psychology focuses on a central theme, namely how and under what conditions can determine whether a person or a situation attribution has been successful of the behavior in compare with the others, but Ross and Fletcher believe that it is not noticed all t ...
... the originals. Attribution theory in social psychology focuses on a central theme, namely how and under what conditions can determine whether a person or a situation attribution has been successful of the behavior in compare with the others, but Ross and Fletcher believe that it is not noticed all t ...
Norms
... values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. These rules may be explicit or implicit. Failure to follow the rules can result in severe punishments, including exclusion from the group." They have also been described as the "customary rules of behavior that coordinate our interactions with others. The so ...
... values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. These rules may be explicit or implicit. Failure to follow the rules can result in severe punishments, including exclusion from the group." They have also been described as the "customary rules of behavior that coordinate our interactions with others. The so ...
preprint Word document - Daniel J. O`Keefe home page
... This image of underlying attitude structure immediately suggests a number of alternative—not mutually exclusive—strategies for attitude change. A persuader might try to add some new salient belief (of appropriate valence) about the object, change the evaluation of some existing belief, or change the ...
... This image of underlying attitude structure immediately suggests a number of alternative—not mutually exclusive—strategies for attitude change. A persuader might try to add some new salient belief (of appropriate valence) about the object, change the evaluation of some existing belief, or change the ...
Constructivism in Psychology
... and idealist approaches to knowledge. Realism holds that “material objects exist externally to us and independently of our sense experience,” while idealism maintains that “no such material objects or external realities exist apart from our knowledge or consciousness of them, the whole world being d ...
... and idealist approaches to knowledge. Realism holds that “material objects exist externally to us and independently of our sense experience,” while idealism maintains that “no such material objects or external realities exist apart from our knowledge or consciousness of them, the whole world being d ...
Chapter_15__Marks_and_Thompson_on_Identity
... strategies of organisations and the identity seeking concerns of individual workers; with some commentators adding the dimension of surveillance technologies and self-discipline through teams (Barker 1993; Sewell 1998). The outcome – designer employees and colonized identity, with resistance (inform ...
... strategies of organisations and the identity seeking concerns of individual workers; with some commentators adding the dimension of surveillance technologies and self-discipline through teams (Barker 1993; Sewell 1998). The outcome – designer employees and colonized identity, with resistance (inform ...
Attitudes, Attributions and Social Cognition
... cognitive psychology. But, while cognitive psychology concerns itself with how we perceive physical stimuli and objects, social cognition focuses on the perception and processing of social objects, such as people, social groups and events. ...
... cognitive psychology. But, while cognitive psychology concerns itself with how we perceive physical stimuli and objects, social cognition focuses on the perception and processing of social objects, such as people, social groups and events. ...
Explaining the Persuasive Effects of Entertainment
... way to influence attitudes and behavior than traditional persuasive messages by arousing less resistance to the persuasive messages contained within a narrative. For example, researchers have speculated that ‘‘the insertion of socially responsible messages in entertainment media is a potentially pow ...
... way to influence attitudes and behavior than traditional persuasive messages by arousing less resistance to the persuasive messages contained within a narrative. For example, researchers have speculated that ‘‘the insertion of socially responsible messages in entertainment media is a potentially pow ...
"who am i?" - identity as a reflection of modern times tatiana hrivíková1
... years until the parents are able to accept their children as adults. Another source of discrepancy may be a different status associated with the same identity. An example of such alternative interpretation can be the gender identity, where females may have in a particular community a lower status th ...
... years until the parents are able to accept their children as adults. Another source of discrepancy may be a different status associated with the same identity. An example of such alternative interpretation can be the gender identity, where females may have in a particular community a lower status th ...
Medium Theory and Social Systems
... focal point, at the center of intention, and all else is indicated marginally as the horizon of an “and so forth” of experience and action” (Ibid: 60). In the sociological perspective what is said must be differentiated from what is not said but could have been said – and in this way gets meaning fr ...
... focal point, at the center of intention, and all else is indicated marginally as the horizon of an “and so forth” of experience and action” (Ibid: 60). In the sociological perspective what is said must be differentiated from what is not said but could have been said – and in this way gets meaning fr ...
SampleChapter_ch01
... observing others going about their normal daily routines, do you ever stop and think to yourself, “Isn’t this interesting. I’m watching people living!”? The first time I remember identifying myself as a “people watcher” was when I was a teenager working as a bagger at a grocery store in my hometown. ...
... observing others going about their normal daily routines, do you ever stop and think to yourself, “Isn’t this interesting. I’m watching people living!”? The first time I remember identifying myself as a “people watcher” was when I was a teenager working as a bagger at a grocery store in my hometown. ...
From Critical Theory: Selected Essays Max Horkheimer Continuum
... could avoid changing the theory as a whole. That new views in fact win out is due to concrete historical circumstances, even if the scientist himself may be determined to change his views only by immanent motives. Modern theoreticians of knowledge do not deny the importance of historical circumstanc ...
... could avoid changing the theory as a whole. That new views in fact win out is due to concrete historical circumstances, even if the scientist himself may be determined to change his views only by immanent motives. Modern theoreticians of knowledge do not deny the importance of historical circumstanc ...
View/Open
... survey is an approximate measure of habitual body shape. Figure 1 summarises the model, while Frame 3 presents the estimation method Table 1 reports the main results, by gender, for those men and women who want to lose weight (ideal BMI lower than actual BMI). It is found that for women, a 1% increa ...
... survey is an approximate measure of habitual body shape. Figure 1 summarises the model, while Frame 3 presents the estimation method Table 1 reports the main results, by gender, for those men and women who want to lose weight (ideal BMI lower than actual BMI). It is found that for women, a 1% increa ...
traditional and critical theory
... could avoid changing the theory as a whole. That new views in fact win out is due to concrete historical circumstances, even if the scientist himself may be determined to change his views only by immanent motives. Modern theoreticians of knowledge do not deny the importance of historical circumstanc ...
... could avoid changing the theory as a whole. That new views in fact win out is due to concrete historical circumstances, even if the scientist himself may be determined to change his views only by immanent motives. Modern theoreticians of knowledge do not deny the importance of historical circumstanc ...
IIIA.Negative Peace - Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict
... prisoners & genocide survivors. Affected perception of social norms and behavior re intermarriage, open dissent, cooperation & trauma healing, but did not change personal beliefs (Paluck, 208; Paluck & Green, ...
... prisoners & genocide survivors. Affected perception of social norms and behavior re intermarriage, open dissent, cooperation & trauma healing, but did not change personal beliefs (Paluck, 208; Paluck & Green, ...
Self-categorization theory
Self-categorization theory is a social psychological theory that describes the circumstances under which a person will perceive collections of people (including themselves) as a group, as well as the consequences of perceiving people in group terms. Although the theory is often introduced as an explanation of psychological group formation (which was one of its early goals), it is more accurately thought of as general analysis of the functioning of categorization processes in social perception and interaction that speaks to issues of individual identity as much as group phenomena.The theory was developed by John Turner and colleagues, and along with social identity theory it is a constituent part of the social identity approach. It was in part developed to address questions that arose in response to social identity theory about the mechanistic underpinnings of social identification. For example, what makes people define themselves in terms of one group membership rather than another? Self-categorization theory has been influential in the academic field of social psychology and beyond. It was first applied to the topics of social influence, group cohesion, group polarization, and collective action. In subsequent years the theory, often as part of the social identity approach, has been applied to further topics such as leadership, personality, outgroup homogeneity, and power. One tenet of the theory is that the self should not be considered as a foundational aspect of cognition, but rather the self should be seen as a product of the cognitive system at work. Or in other words, the self is an outcome of cognitive processes rather than a ""thing"" at the heart of cognition.