Script
... Perhaps the most bizarre of the dissociative disorders is dissociative identity disorder (DID), formerly known as multiple personality disorder. In this dramatic disorder pattern, the personality breaks up into 2 or more distinct identities or personality states, each well integrated and well develo ...
... Perhaps the most bizarre of the dissociative disorders is dissociative identity disorder (DID), formerly known as multiple personality disorder. In this dramatic disorder pattern, the personality breaks up into 2 or more distinct identities or personality states, each well integrated and well develo ...
Role of the hippocampus in remembering the past and imagining
... of time period [F(2,11) = 9.0, P < 0.01] due to the greater number of elements provided overall for the recent time period than for the remote past and future time periods. There were also effects of content [F(3,11) = 11.0, P < 0.01] and a content × time period interaction [F(6,11) = 9.6, P = 0.01 ...
... of time period [F(2,11) = 9.0, P < 0.01] due to the greater number of elements provided overall for the recent time period than for the remote past and future time periods. There were also effects of content [F(3,11) = 11.0, P < 0.01] and a content × time period interaction [F(6,11) = 9.6, P = 0.01 ...
A Neuropsychological Model of Memory and Consciousness
... modules that do not have access to consciousness must have the capacity to be modified by experience; that is, they must be capable of storing perceptual records of the activity involved in decoding stimulus events or of the representations that ensue. Working with a prosopagnosic patient, Greve and ...
... modules that do not have access to consciousness must have the capacity to be modified by experience; that is, they must be capable of storing perceptual records of the activity involved in decoding stimulus events or of the representations that ensue. Working with a prosopagnosic patient, Greve and ...
Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia, and the temporal lobe
... fractionated into subtypes, such as episodic, semantic, and non-declarative memory, and more recently, finer distinctions, such as autobiographical episodes, and autobiographical (personal) semantics have been proposed. Although these distinctions may be useful, the relationship or dependency betwee ...
... fractionated into subtypes, such as episodic, semantic, and non-declarative memory, and more recently, finer distinctions, such as autobiographical episodes, and autobiographical (personal) semantics have been proposed. Although these distinctions may be useful, the relationship or dependency betwee ...
Schizophrenia is a multi-faceted disorder with highly complex p
... intra-neuronal marker of integrity). These findings may collectively reflect an impairment in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic neurotransmission, that may involve the dysregulated function or the physical loss of NMDA synapses in the hippocampal and prefrontal regions and that may thus be c ...
... intra-neuronal marker of integrity). These findings may collectively reflect an impairment in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic neurotransmission, that may involve the dysregulated function or the physical loss of NMDA synapses in the hippocampal and prefrontal regions and that may thus be c ...
Deconstructing episodic memory with construction
... In the classic taxonomy of episodic memory [1,2], what, where and when, have been traditionally regarded as equally important properties of an episodic memory [2,4]. Indeed, a memory of an event is only defined as truly episodic if one remembers when and where it happened in addition to what happene ...
... In the classic taxonomy of episodic memory [1,2], what, where and when, have been traditionally regarded as equally important properties of an episodic memory [2,4]. Indeed, a memory of an event is only defined as truly episodic if one remembers when and where it happened in addition to what happene ...
Functional Neuroimaging and Episodic Memory
... For example, a study by Decety et al. (1997) contrasted the encoding of meaningful actions with that of less meaningful actions. Another study examined the encoding differences between various kinds of stimuli (faces, words, and drawings) against a minimal perceptual control such as ®xation or a noi ...
... For example, a study by Decety et al. (1997) contrasted the encoding of meaningful actions with that of less meaningful actions. Another study examined the encoding differences between various kinds of stimuli (faces, words, and drawings) against a minimal perceptual control such as ®xation or a noi ...
The Three Amnesias - University of Florida College of Public Health
... learning deficit is apparent on even casual observation. That is, the deficit is more than just a “memory problem”. Such patients may fail to recognize or learn the names of newly encountered persons after even brief delays. They may appear disoriented in place or time because they have failed to le ...
... learning deficit is apparent on even casual observation. That is, the deficit is more than just a “memory problem”. Such patients may fail to recognize or learn the names of newly encountered persons after even brief delays. They may appear disoriented in place or time because they have failed to le ...
Cognitive Psychology
... Thus schemas affect our cognitive processes and are used to organize our knowledge, assist recall, guide our behaviour, predict likely happenings and help make sense of current experiences helps us understand how we organize our knowledge. In conclusion, strengths of schema theory: Provides an ...
... Thus schemas affect our cognitive processes and are used to organize our knowledge, assist recall, guide our behaviour, predict likely happenings and help make sense of current experiences helps us understand how we organize our knowledge. In conclusion, strengths of schema theory: Provides an ...
The case for a relationship between human memory
... regions are important in long-term memory consolidation processes rather than in shortterm memory; some would consider the impairments to be that of immediate memory (the delays are typically within the 30 min range) as distinguished from short-term memory which is typically tested immediately after ...
... regions are important in long-term memory consolidation processes rather than in shortterm memory; some would consider the impairments to be that of immediate memory (the delays are typically within the 30 min range) as distinguished from short-term memory which is typically tested immediately after ...
Suppressing Unwanted Memories
... ness. Instead, the think/no-think procedure measures the aftereffects of stopping retrieval, based on the idea that inhibition of the unwanted memory might linger, making these memories harder to recall. To assess this behavioral footprint of suppression, a final test is given in which participants ...
... ness. Instead, the think/no-think procedure measures the aftereffects of stopping retrieval, based on the idea that inhibition of the unwanted memory might linger, making these memories harder to recall. To assess this behavioral footprint of suppression, a final test is given in which participants ...
Lecture Presentation for Chapter 17
... PET scans made during eye-blink tests show increased activity in several brain regions, but not all may be essential. ...
... PET scans made during eye-blink tests show increased activity in several brain regions, but not all may be essential. ...
Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra Root Extract on Learning
... stimuli, events, information and etc., retain them over a short or long period of time and recall the same at a later date when needed. [5] Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge about the world and memory could be considered as the retention of the acquired knowledge, which can be retrieved ...
... stimuli, events, information and etc., retain them over a short or long period of time and recall the same at a later date when needed. [5] Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge about the world and memory could be considered as the retention of the acquired knowledge, which can be retrieved ...
Mechanisms of emotional arousal and lasting declarative memory
... responses extinguish much more slowly than responses in the lateral amygdala. These electrophysiological findings are consistent with a time-limited role for the amygdala in modulating memory-storage processes in the auditory cortex8,9. In recent years, considerable research focused on the hypothesi ...
... responses extinguish much more slowly than responses in the lateral amygdala. These electrophysiological findings are consistent with a time-limited role for the amygdala in modulating memory-storage processes in the auditory cortex8,9. In recent years, considerable research focused on the hypothesi ...
effect of glycyrrhiza glabra root extract on learning and memory in
... Memory is the ability of an individual to record sensory stimuli, events, information and etc., retain them over a short or long period of time and recall the same at a later date when needed 5. Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge about the world and memory could be considered as the rete ...
... Memory is the ability of an individual to record sensory stimuli, events, information and etc., retain them over a short or long period of time and recall the same at a later date when needed 5. Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge about the world and memory could be considered as the rete ...
An Introduction to the Disease of Addiction
... EMDR decreases traumatic memories that destabilize the path to recovery. EMDR provides hope of trauma resolution for patients who have suffered past physical, sexual and emotional trauma in addition to addiction trauma. EMDR may decrease euphoric recall. EMDR may reprogram the procedural learning pr ...
... EMDR decreases traumatic memories that destabilize the path to recovery. EMDR provides hope of trauma resolution for patients who have suffered past physical, sexual and emotional trauma in addition to addiction trauma. EMDR may decrease euphoric recall. EMDR may reprogram the procedural learning pr ...
Chapter 8: Conclusions
... “X occurred before Y”), resembling chaining theory. In reviewing the evidence, he argued for a location theory where events are dated via temporal schemata, occasionally supplemented by memory for relative order (and in rare cases, knowledge of exact dates). A single continuum, along which events re ...
... “X occurred before Y”), resembling chaining theory. In reviewing the evidence, he argued for a location theory where events are dated via temporal schemata, occasionally supplemented by memory for relative order (and in rare cases, knowledge of exact dates). A single continuum, along which events re ...
The Frontal Cortex and Working with Memory
... but spared procedural learning and memory that could be applied when subsequently tested on either maze A or B. In contrast, the FC-lesioned group had good memory for the salient maze A-learning experience, but were unable to use that memory in a flexible, strategic way that would enable savings on ...
... but spared procedural learning and memory that could be applied when subsequently tested on either maze A or B. In contrast, the FC-lesioned group had good memory for the salient maze A-learning experience, but were unable to use that memory in a flexible, strategic way that would enable savings on ...
Uncinate Fasciculus
... • Wernicke (1908) noted that the UF was one of “two important associaOon bundles which must be considered in the anatomy of speech regions.” – Ventral language pathway ...
... • Wernicke (1908) noted that the UF was one of “two important associaOon bundles which must be considered in the anatomy of speech regions.” – Ventral language pathway ...
Learning and Memory - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
... molecular similarities to invertebrates, as well as some differences. At the behavioral level mammals show the same basic, generic processes of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. The added circuit complexity of the mammalian brain allows for greater diversity in behavior but also makes a full d ...
... molecular similarities to invertebrates, as well as some differences. At the behavioral level mammals show the same basic, generic processes of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. The added circuit complexity of the mammalian brain allows for greater diversity in behavior but also makes a full d ...
Working memory
... The wiring diagram of the hippocampus is traditionally presented as a trisynaptic loop. The major input is carried by axons of the perforant path, which convey polymodal sensory information from neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus. Perforant path axons make excitatory s ...
... The wiring diagram of the hippocampus is traditionally presented as a trisynaptic loop. The major input is carried by axons of the perforant path, which convey polymodal sensory information from neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus. Perforant path axons make excitatory s ...
NOBA Memory (Encoding, Storage, Retrieval)
... McDaniel, 1993). Using study strategies such as the ones described here is challenging, but the effort is well worth the benefits of enhanced learning and retention. We emphasized earlier that encoding is selective: people cannot encode all information they are exposed to. However, recoding can add ...
... McDaniel, 1993). Using study strategies such as the ones described here is challenging, but the effort is well worth the benefits of enhanced learning and retention. We emphasized earlier that encoding is selective: people cannot encode all information they are exposed to. However, recoding can add ...
What is spatial memory? Short-term spatial memory Spatial working
... spatial recall is a hierarchical process. When someone recalls an environment or navigates terrain, that person implicitly recalls the overall layout at first. Then, due to the concept’s "rich correlational structure," a series of associations become activated. Eventually the resulting cascade of ac ...
... spatial recall is a hierarchical process. When someone recalls an environment or navigates terrain, that person implicitly recalls the overall layout at first. Then, due to the concept’s "rich correlational structure," a series of associations become activated. Eventually the resulting cascade of ac ...
030909.PHitchcock.IntroductoryLecture
... Sensory axons may (or may not) synapse on nuclei in the brainstem. If they do, the name of the tract changes. All axons carrying sensory information synapse in discrete nuclei within the dorsal thalamus. ...
... Sensory axons may (or may not) synapse on nuclei in the brainstem. If they do, the name of the tract changes. All axons carrying sensory information synapse in discrete nuclei within the dorsal thalamus. ...
Source amnesia
Source amnesia is the inability to remember where, when or how previously learned information has been acquired, while retaining the factual knowledge. This branch of amnesia is associated with the malfunctioning of one's explicit memory. It is likely that the disconnect between having the knowledge and remembering the context in which the knowledge was acquired is due to a dissociation between semantic and episodic memory – an individual retains the semantic knowledge (the fact), but lacks the episodic knowledge to indicate the context in which the knowledge was gained.Memory representations reflect the encoding processes during acquisition. Different types of acquisition processes (e.g.: reading, thinking, listening) and different types of events (e.g.: newspaper, thoughts, conversation) will produce mental depictions that perceptually differ from one another in the brain, making it harder to retrieve where information was learned when placed in a different context of retrieval. Source monitoring involves a systematic process of slow and deliberate thought of where information was originally learned. Source monitoring can be improved by using more retrieval cues, discovering and noting relations and extended reasoning.