Superior digit memory of abacus experts
... spatial representation than a sequentially organized phonological representation. It may be that these processes involve the bilateral frontal–parietal areas, which have important roles in visuo-motor processing [14]. Another possibility is that subjects achieving a high degree of abacus experience ...
... spatial representation than a sequentially organized phonological representation. It may be that these processes involve the bilateral frontal–parietal areas, which have important roles in visuo-motor processing [14]. Another possibility is that subjects achieving a high degree of abacus experience ...
392868
... In this section, a computational model of the episodic memory based on neural synchronization of phase precession [43] is reviewed. 4.1. Representation of Object and Scene Information. Figure 2(a) shows the information flow of the model that follows experimental proposals [13, 17]. Retinal informati ...
... In this section, a computational model of the episodic memory based on neural synchronization of phase precession [43] is reviewed. 4.1. Representation of Object and Scene Information. Figure 2(a) shows the information flow of the model that follows experimental proposals [13, 17]. Retinal informati ...
Predictive, interactive multiple memory systems
... to more everyday situations, and making predictions for future experiments. While it becomes more difficult to test such fully-interactive models based on behavioral data or even local patterns of fMRI responses, we suggest that they can also be tested by examining changes in the functional coupling ...
... to more everyday situations, and making predictions for future experiments. While it becomes more difficult to test such fully-interactive models based on behavioral data or even local patterns of fMRI responses, we suggest that they can also be tested by examining changes in the functional coupling ...
A cognitive neuroscience account of posttraumatic stress disorder
... a coherent narrative, is typical of normal trauma memories (e.g. Tromp, Koss, Figueredo & Tharan, 1995) and has been described by many PTSD researchers, including Foa, Molnar and Cashman (1995), Harvey and Bryant (1999) and Janet (1904). This disorganization may partially explain the tendency for PT ...
... a coherent narrative, is typical of normal trauma memories (e.g. Tromp, Koss, Figueredo & Tharan, 1995) and has been described by many PTSD researchers, including Foa, Molnar and Cashman (1995), Harvey and Bryant (1999) and Janet (1904). This disorganization may partially explain the tendency for PT ...
STUFF TO ADD:
... necessarily report subtle disorders, especially if they occur in a patient with another interesting disorder; therefore, relevant data are often absent. Third, this investigation is in its early stages, and an examination of broadly defined processes and brain regions is most likely to detect intere ...
... necessarily report subtle disorders, especially if they occur in a patient with another interesting disorder; therefore, relevant data are often absent. Third, this investigation is in its early stages, and an examination of broadly defined processes and brain regions is most likely to detect intere ...
3.05 Neural Substrates of Remembering – Electroencephalographic
... required in positron emission tomography (PET) studies, can severely limit the range of memory phenomena amenable to examination. Extended intertrial intervals can also be undesirable to the extent that such procedures do not adequately constrain the timing of relevant cognitive events. In general, ...
... required in positron emission tomography (PET) studies, can severely limit the range of memory phenomena amenable to examination. Extended intertrial intervals can also be undesirable to the extent that such procedures do not adequately constrain the timing of relevant cognitive events. In general, ...
The computational modeling of analogy-making
... Based on these representations, the program matches the most similar descriptions in order to discover the correct analogy. Notice that the program has no semantic knowledge about the figures it manipulates. For example, it does not know that squares and rectangles are generally closer in people’s m ...
... Based on these representations, the program matches the most similar descriptions in order to discover the correct analogy. Notice that the program has no semantic knowledge about the figures it manipulates. For example, it does not know that squares and rectangles are generally closer in people’s m ...
Different types of “dissociation” have different psychological
... compared a group of patients with amnesia following generalized non-epileptic seizures (NES; a form of compartmentalization according to the current scheme) and a group with amnesia following generalized epileptic seizures (ES). Participants in both groups were hypnotized some time after a seizure a ...
... compared a group of patients with amnesia following generalized non-epileptic seizures (NES; a form of compartmentalization according to the current scheme) and a group with amnesia following generalized epileptic seizures (ES). Participants in both groups were hypnotized some time after a seizure a ...
The Effect of Stimulating and Soothing Smells on Heart Rate and
... “Aromatherapy” is the use of essential oils that are extracted from plants through distillation in order to treat physical and psychological health issues. It is a branch of “phytotherapy,” which is the use of part of or an entire plant for medical purposes (Stelflitsch and Stelflitsch 2008). Essent ...
... “Aromatherapy” is the use of essential oils that are extracted from plants through distillation in order to treat physical and psychological health issues. It is a branch of “phytotherapy,” which is the use of part of or an entire plant for medical purposes (Stelflitsch and Stelflitsch 2008). Essent ...
M&E and the Frontal Lobes
... • Given the role of aberrant, intrusive, emotional memory in PTSD symptomatology, the limbic brain defines an obvious target of investigation; however, evidence linking these structures to specific PTSD symptoms is just emerging. ...
... • Given the role of aberrant, intrusive, emotional memory in PTSD symptomatology, the limbic brain defines an obvious target of investigation; however, evidence linking these structures to specific PTSD symptoms is just emerging. ...
Frontal Lobes and Memory - University of California, Berkeley
... Other strategies for learning word lists include subjective and serial organization. Subjective organization is the tendency for an individual to cluster items across test trials, even when there is no apparent semantic association between the items, e.g. a participant might recall the words “table” ...
... Other strategies for learning word lists include subjective and serial organization. Subjective organization is the tendency for an individual to cluster items across test trials, even when there is no apparent semantic association between the items, e.g. a participant might recall the words “table” ...
Memory Fragmentation in Dissociative Identity Disorder
... I always have the feeling that the memory develops spontaneously, without my having any influence on it. When I have the memory, it is still not mine, or it belongs to somebody else, to an alter. The participants who reported experiencing the memory as a personal narrative with appropriate affect al ...
... I always have the feeling that the memory develops spontaneously, without my having any influence on it. When I have the memory, it is still not mine, or it belongs to somebody else, to an alter. The participants who reported experiencing the memory as a personal narrative with appropriate affect al ...
Three Cases of Enduring Memory Impairment after Bilateral Damage
... 1988; Kritchevsky and Squire, 1993). He was a Caucasian male born in 1923, who obtained 17 years of education and worked as a systems engineer. Before his amnesic episode in 1986, WH had a 10 year history of mild, successfully treated hypertension. He was a former alcoholic and had stopped drinking ...
... 1988; Kritchevsky and Squire, 1993). He was a Caucasian male born in 1923, who obtained 17 years of education and worked as a systems engineer. Before his amnesic episode in 1986, WH had a 10 year history of mild, successfully treated hypertension. He was a former alcoholic and had stopped drinking ...
Neuroimaging Studies of Memory. In Encyclopedia of the
... most compelling evidence that procedural knowledge is different from declarative knowledge is that patients with damage to their hippocampi and surrounding medial temporal lobes can learn new procedural skills, even though they cannot encode where they learned the skill or remember any details of ha ...
... most compelling evidence that procedural knowledge is different from declarative knowledge is that patients with damage to their hippocampi and surrounding medial temporal lobes can learn new procedural skills, even though they cannot encode where they learned the skill or remember any details of ha ...
clinical assessment of dementia
... e.g., forgetting to shut off the stove, cooking from cards rather than from memory, forgetting important conversation, etc., to assess short-term recall problems. Clinicians should assess the duration of symptoms by inquiring as to when the person last felt like their “old self”. The longitudinal hi ...
... e.g., forgetting to shut off the stove, cooking from cards rather than from memory, forgetting important conversation, etc., to assess short-term recall problems. Clinicians should assess the duration of symptoms by inquiring as to when the person last felt like their “old self”. The longitudinal hi ...
What creates a valuable cue? The underestimated importance of a
... Processing (TAP), argues that memories can be defined by the cognitive operations or activity engaged during the initial creation of that memory. Retrieval is facilitated when the earlier cognitive operations are reactivated (Morris et al., 1977). Neuropsychological models states that TAP is a by-pr ...
... Processing (TAP), argues that memories can be defined by the cognitive operations or activity engaged during the initial creation of that memory. Retrieval is facilitated when the earlier cognitive operations are reactivated (Morris et al., 1977). Neuropsychological models states that TAP is a by-pr ...
1 Behavioral Dynamics of Episodic Memory
... there are still some features that are controversial). There is general acceptance of the statement that the form of the retrieval query directed at the episodic system is “What did you do at time T in place P?” (Tulving, 1984). Tulving’s definition also includes the capacity for mental time travel ...
... there are still some features that are controversial). There is general acceptance of the statement that the form of the retrieval query directed at the episodic system is “What did you do at time T in place P?” (Tulving, 1984). Tulving’s definition also includes the capacity for mental time travel ...
The Influence of Odor and Emotion on Memory
... hippocampus and the olfactory regions of the brain (Gourevitch et al., 2010). Diffusion tensor imaging of the limbic system has noted the circuit connections found between the hippocampus and other structures such as the olfactory bulb and amygdala (Concha et al., 2005). Research has found that the ...
... hippocampus and the olfactory regions of the brain (Gourevitch et al., 2010). Diffusion tensor imaging of the limbic system has noted the circuit connections found between the hippocampus and other structures such as the olfactory bulb and amygdala (Concha et al., 2005). Research has found that the ...
Transcripts/3_11 2
... often. The seizures were intractable to any medication that was available at the time. A neurosurgeon noticed that the seizures started in the right temporal lobe and spread to the left temporal lobe, and decided to blow out the temporal lobes to cure his epilepsy because the temporal lobes were tho ...
... often. The seizures were intractable to any medication that was available at the time. A neurosurgeon noticed that the seizures started in the right temporal lobe and spread to the left temporal lobe, and decided to blow out the temporal lobes to cure his epilepsy because the temporal lobes were tho ...
Semantic and episodic components of brand knowledge
... forms of biases and distortions (Schacter & Slotnick 2004). Episodic memory is a late-developing and earlydeteriorating memory system, more vulnerable than other memory systems to neuronal dysfunction, and thought to be unique to humans (Tulving 2002; Schacter & Slotnick 2004). For example, there ha ...
... forms of biases and distortions (Schacter & Slotnick 2004). Episodic memory is a late-developing and earlydeteriorating memory system, more vulnerable than other memory systems to neuronal dysfunction, and thought to be unique to humans (Tulving 2002; Schacter & Slotnick 2004). For example, there ha ...
The case of KC: contributions of a memory
... The case of K.C. turned out to be one contributor to the eventual crumbling of the neat and tidy single-memory, single-locus model of amnesia. Today, there are as many puzzles surrounding memory impairment as there are surrounding “normal” memory. For instance, it is becoming increasingly clear that ...
... The case of K.C. turned out to be one contributor to the eventual crumbling of the neat and tidy single-memory, single-locus model of amnesia. Today, there are as many puzzles surrounding memory impairment as there are surrounding “normal” memory. For instance, it is becoming increasingly clear that ...
A Brief History of Memory and Aging
... However, the data show that, although sensory acuity does decline as a function of age, and response time increases as a function of age, the correlation between auditory and visual reaction times was much larger than that between auditory acuity and auditory reaction time or between visual acuity a ...
... However, the data show that, although sensory acuity does decline as a function of age, and response time increases as a function of age, the correlation between auditory and visual reaction times was much larger than that between auditory acuity and auditory reaction time or between visual acuity a ...
Impairment of episodic and semantic autobiographical memory in
... a b s t r a c t Autobiographical memory includes the retrieval of personal semantic data and the remembrance of incident or episodic memories. In retrograde amnesias, it has been observed that recall of autobiographical memories of recent events is poorer than recall of remote memories. Alzheimer’s ...
... a b s t r a c t Autobiographical memory includes the retrieval of personal semantic data and the remembrance of incident or episodic memories. In retrograde amnesias, it has been observed that recall of autobiographical memories of recent events is poorer than recall of remote memories. Alzheimer’s ...
Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in Early
... are activated during spatial delayed response tasks (Friedman & Goldman-Rakic, 1991; Goldman-Rakic, 1987; Goldman-Rakic, Selemon, & Schwartz, 1984). The medial temporal region and prefrontal cortex appear to be responsible for the mnemonic aspects of the SDR task, whereas the inferior parietal regio ...
... are activated during spatial delayed response tasks (Friedman & Goldman-Rakic, 1991; Goldman-Rakic, 1987; Goldman-Rakic, Selemon, & Schwartz, 1984). The medial temporal region and prefrontal cortex appear to be responsible for the mnemonic aspects of the SDR task, whereas the inferior parietal regio ...
Decoupling Neural Networks From Reality: Dissociative Experiences
... psychopathological processes, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). During this most extreme form of human aggression, the victim is overwhelmed by fear and rendered totally helpless, left with passive avoidance (e.g., dissociation) as an important mechanism to "escape" the situation. Tortur ...
... psychopathological processes, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). During this most extreme form of human aggression, the victim is overwhelmed by fear and rendered totally helpless, left with passive avoidance (e.g., dissociation) as an important mechanism to "escape" the situation. Tortur ...
Source amnesia
Source amnesia is the inability to remember where, when or how previously learned information has been acquired, while retaining the factual knowledge. This branch of amnesia is associated with the malfunctioning of one's explicit memory. It is likely that the disconnect between having the knowledge and remembering the context in which the knowledge was acquired is due to a dissociation between semantic and episodic memory – an individual retains the semantic knowledge (the fact), but lacks the episodic knowledge to indicate the context in which the knowledge was gained.Memory representations reflect the encoding processes during acquisition. Different types of acquisition processes (e.g.: reading, thinking, listening) and different types of events (e.g.: newspaper, thoughts, conversation) will produce mental depictions that perceptually differ from one another in the brain, making it harder to retrieve where information was learned when placed in a different context of retrieval. Source monitoring involves a systematic process of slow and deliberate thought of where information was originally learned. Source monitoring can be improved by using more retrieval cues, discovering and noting relations and extended reasoning.