the relationship between autobiographical self
... accordance with the coding system by Williams and Dritschel (1992), which differentiates four categories and is based on the traditional two category system by Williams and Broadbent (1986)4. The four categories are omissions (memory-unrelated content, e.g., “I am currently filling out a questionnai ...
... accordance with the coding system by Williams and Dritschel (1992), which differentiates four categories and is based on the traditional two category system by Williams and Broadbent (1986)4. The four categories are omissions (memory-unrelated content, e.g., “I am currently filling out a questionnai ...
Specific Visual Transfer in Word Identification
... visual pattern that is specific to its prior presentation, memory for prior episodes. Evidence of memory for visual detail is obtained when people lack expertise with the type of material or the task that is used. In his investigations of reading inverted text, an unusual task, Kolers observed speci ...
... visual pattern that is specific to its prior presentation, memory for prior episodes. Evidence of memory for visual detail is obtained when people lack expertise with the type of material or the task that is used. In his investigations of reading inverted text, an unusual task, Kolers observed speci ...
Episodic autobiographical memories over the course of time
... (2002) proposed investigating recollections from five different lifetime periods, separating the episodic from the non-episodic details (repeated or factual details, metacognitive statements, etc.) by means of a scoring procedure adapted from the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire created by Johnso ...
... (2002) proposed investigating recollections from five different lifetime periods, separating the episodic from the non-episodic details (repeated or factual details, metacognitive statements, etc.) by means of a scoring procedure adapted from the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire created by Johnso ...
Using neuroimaging to evaluate models of working memory and
... J.M. Chein*, S.M. Ravizza1, J.A. Fiez2 Department of Psychology, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA ...
... J.M. Chein*, S.M. Ravizza1, J.A. Fiez2 Department of Psychology, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA ...
Devnich Explanation Prospectus
... Many real-world problems are actually symptoms of more fundamental underlying causes. In other words, if the current situation is a symptom of an underlying cause, the reasoner needs to change the cause, not the symptom. Explaining the underlying causes of symptoms as a prelude to problem solving oc ...
... Many real-world problems are actually symptoms of more fundamental underlying causes. In other words, if the current situation is a symptom of an underlying cause, the reasoner needs to change the cause, not the symptom. Explaining the underlying causes of symptoms as a prelude to problem solving oc ...
recognition memory: what are the roles of the perirhinal cortex and
... if an animal has been trained to expect rewards for repetitions of a target stimulus but not of non-target stimuli, responses to the target stimulus can be enhanced rather than reduced32. Such response enhancements have, however, only been observed when the animal has been so trained. Reduced respon ...
... if an animal has been trained to expect rewards for repetitions of a target stimulus but not of non-target stimuli, responses to the target stimulus can be enhanced rather than reduced32. Such response enhancements have, however, only been observed when the animal has been so trained. Reduced respon ...
Hippocampal contributions to language
... in the past five years and I wouldn’t be any where near the person/scientist/teacher that I am today without her. I would also like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Daniel Tranel, Neal Cohen, Steven Anderson, Michelle Voss and Kristine Williams for their helpful contributions to shaping ...
... in the past five years and I wouldn’t be any where near the person/scientist/teacher that I am today without her. I would also like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Daniel Tranel, Neal Cohen, Steven Anderson, Michelle Voss and Kristine Williams for their helpful contributions to shaping ...
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: in search of new treatments
... in regards to the stressor being desensitized, the very ability shown to be inhibited in PTSD patients by Milad et al. (2008). The relative ineffectiveness of contemporary cognitive behavioral therapies such as exposure therapy for the treatment of PTSD leaves the field of psychiatry in need of nove ...
... in regards to the stressor being desensitized, the very ability shown to be inhibited in PTSD patients by Milad et al. (2008). The relative ineffectiveness of contemporary cognitive behavioral therapies such as exposure therapy for the treatment of PTSD leaves the field of psychiatry in need of nove ...
Neural changes underlying the development of
... of ways, for example with tasks that require participants to recall associations between events and the context in which they occurred (DeMaster and Ghetti, in press; Lloyd et al., 2009; Piolino et al., 2007). For example, children may be required to memorize objects presented with backgrounds of va ...
... of ways, for example with tasks that require participants to recall associations between events and the context in which they occurred (DeMaster and Ghetti, in press; Lloyd et al., 2009; Piolino et al., 2007). For example, children may be required to memorize objects presented with backgrounds of va ...
Prefrontal Activation Deficits During Episodic Memory in
... frontotemporal connectivity (23). However, in meta-analytic (22) and qualitative (23) reviews, the majority of studies reveal group differences in the prefrontal cortex and not in the medial temporal lobe (23). Moreover, many studies finding group medial temporal lobe differences rely on region-of-i ...
... frontotemporal connectivity (23). However, in meta-analytic (22) and qualitative (23) reviews, the majority of studies reveal group differences in the prefrontal cortex and not in the medial temporal lobe (23). Moreover, many studies finding group medial temporal lobe differences rely on region-of-i ...
Multiple routes to memory: Distinct medial
... and generation of an associated spatial mental image. As discussed below, this prediction was confirmed. By contrast, the Read condition failed to yield above-baseline MTL activation; this may reflect the limited associative demands of the read task or the presence of phonological encoding computati ...
... and generation of an associated spatial mental image. As discussed below, this prediction was confirmed. By contrast, the Read condition failed to yield above-baseline MTL activation; this may reflect the limited associative demands of the read task or the presence of phonological encoding computati ...
Predicting Activation Across Individuals with Resting
... proposed in [10] to “resting state” data and multi-atlas label fusion. First, we establish correspondence between cortical surface points across individuals by functional connectivity alignment. Then, we predict task activations in a target subject, by evaluating the similarity of the matched embedd ...
... proposed in [10] to “resting state” data and multi-atlas label fusion. First, we establish correspondence between cortical surface points across individuals by functional connectivity alignment. Then, we predict task activations in a target subject, by evaluating the similarity of the matched embedd ...
Eichenbaum et al., 2012a, #15 - Fortin Lab @ UCI
... and a sense of familiarity for previous experienced materials. This method uses the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) function to generate separate indices of episodic recollection and familiarity in accordance with theories that consider these two processes as distinct and independent (Yoneli ...
... and a sense of familiarity for previous experienced materials. This method uses the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) function to generate separate indices of episodic recollection and familiarity in accordance with theories that consider these two processes as distinct and independent (Yoneli ...
How the hippocampus preserves order: the role of
... that hippocampal activation is generally enhanced during sequence learning [26–28] and a recent case study showed that a patient with complete loss of the bilateral hippocampus and some surrounding cortex failed to show learning of even simple sequential associations despite showing intact item memo ...
... that hippocampal activation is generally enhanced during sequence learning [26–28] and a recent case study showed that a patient with complete loss of the bilateral hippocampus and some surrounding cortex failed to show learning of even simple sequential associations despite showing intact item memo ...
Power Shifts Track Serial Position and Modulate Encoding in
... sign was followed by an 800–1200-ms blank interstimulus interval (ISI). The computer next displayed each list item in capital letters for 1.6 s, followed by an 800–1200-ms blank ISI. This temporal jitter served to decorrelate the physiological responses from successive word presentations. To minimiz ...
... sign was followed by an 800–1200-ms blank interstimulus interval (ISI). The computer next displayed each list item in capital letters for 1.6 s, followed by an 800–1200-ms blank ISI. This temporal jitter served to decorrelate the physiological responses from successive word presentations. To minimiz ...
Superior Parietal Cortex Is Critical for the Manipulation of
... memory (Digit Span Backward, Spatial Span Backward, LetterNumber Sequencing, and Arithmetic), as well as for the more demanding working memory conditions of the N-Back test (2-Back and 3-Back). For all working memory tests that revealed a significant difference among groups, the SupPar Lesion group’ ...
... memory (Digit Span Backward, Spatial Span Backward, LetterNumber Sequencing, and Arithmetic), as well as for the more demanding working memory conditions of the N-Back test (2-Back and 3-Back). For all working memory tests that revealed a significant difference among groups, the SupPar Lesion group’ ...
Effect of Negative Emotional Content on Working Memory and Long
... Slides were presented on an iMac,G3, Macintosh computer. The 15 slides each contained the same 15 pictures, arranged in a different, random order on each slide. Pictures were arranged in a grid that was five columns by three rows in size. The order of the slides was pseudorandomized across participa ...
... Slides were presented on an iMac,G3, Macintosh computer. The 15 slides each contained the same 15 pictures, arranged in a different, random order on each slide. Pictures were arranged in a grid that was five columns by three rows in size. The order of the slides was pseudorandomized across participa ...
The construction system of the brain References Rapid response
... can see her having a different hair style by then, maybe instead of straight, very curly with lots of volume. She would be wearing contacts by then and heels of course. And I can see myself sitting in some kind of sundress, like yellow, and under some trees... the reception either before or after an ...
... can see her having a different hair style by then, maybe instead of straight, very curly with lots of volume. She would be wearing contacts by then and heels of course. And I can see myself sitting in some kind of sundress, like yellow, and under some trees... the reception either before or after an ...
Verbal memory in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
... non-congruent memory disorder (i.e. a memory impairment implicating the contralateral hippocampus in cases with an apparently unilateral mesial temporal focus) was taken to contra-indicate a surgical approach to treatment. This logic, and indeed the material-specificity model, persists as a cornersto ...
... non-congruent memory disorder (i.e. a memory impairment implicating the contralateral hippocampus in cases with an apparently unilateral mesial temporal focus) was taken to contra-indicate a surgical approach to treatment. This logic, and indeed the material-specificity model, persists as a cornersto ...
to receive a reprint - Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences
... abilities. In fact, several studies have shown that individual differences in measures of word knowledge, or the quality of lexical representations, are also related to differences in comprehension ability (e.g., Perfetti 1985, 2007; Bell and Perfetti 1994). These findings are also consistent with th ...
... abilities. In fact, several studies have shown that individual differences in measures of word knowledge, or the quality of lexical representations, are also related to differences in comprehension ability (e.g., Perfetti 1985, 2007; Bell and Perfetti 1994). These findings are also consistent with th ...
The relation of transcription to memory formation
... order to pin point targets for drug development that could be used for treatment of memory disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, aging-related memory weakening, some forms of mental retardations, and even for pharmacologically enhancing memory in absence of pathological signs. At this point it is u ...
... order to pin point targets for drug development that could be used for treatment of memory disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, aging-related memory weakening, some forms of mental retardations, and even for pharmacologically enhancing memory in absence of pathological signs. At this point it is u ...
Confabulation: Damage to a specific inferior medial prefrontal system
... et al., 1997; Mercer et al., 1977), frontal tumours (Fotopoulou et al., 2004), head injury (Baddeley and Wilson, 1988; Berlyne, 1972; Box et al., 1999; Damasio et al., 1985; Demery et al., 2001; Moscovitch and Melo, 1997), frontotemporal dementia (Nedjam et al., 2000; Moscovitch and Melo, 1997), Kor ...
... et al., 1997; Mercer et al., 1977), frontal tumours (Fotopoulou et al., 2004), head injury (Baddeley and Wilson, 1988; Berlyne, 1972; Box et al., 1999; Damasio et al., 1985; Demery et al., 2001; Moscovitch and Melo, 1997), frontotemporal dementia (Nedjam et al., 2000; Moscovitch and Melo, 1997), Kor ...
Analogical Reasoning: A Core of Cognition
... search the memory for items which seem like candidates for an analogy. In certain settings, such as intelligence tests or teaching situations, the source domain may be given explicitly. Some models for analogy making even view this as the standard case and do not provide special means of retrieval. ...
... search the memory for items which seem like candidates for an analogy. In certain settings, such as intelligence tests or teaching situations, the source domain may be given explicitly. Some models for analogy making even view this as the standard case and do not provide special means of retrieval. ...
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Autobiographical
... accompanied by a sense of recollection (see also, Sharot et al. 2004). Addis et al. (2004) showed that the hippocampus and amygdala were modulated during retrieval by ratings of emotional intensity. However, in this study, the amygdala effects were subthreshold when considering autobiographical memo ...
... accompanied by a sense of recollection (see also, Sharot et al. 2004). Addis et al. (2004) showed that the hippocampus and amygdala were modulated during retrieval by ratings of emotional intensity. However, in this study, the amygdala effects were subthreshold when considering autobiographical memo ...
(2003). Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in
... Recognition of previously presented items based on a feeling of familiarity in the absence of recollection of the earlier study episode. DELAYED NON-MATCHING-TOSAMPLE ...
... Recognition of previously presented items based on a feeling of familiarity in the absence of recollection of the earlier study episode. DELAYED NON-MATCHING-TOSAMPLE ...
Source amnesia
Source amnesia is the inability to remember where, when or how previously learned information has been acquired, while retaining the factual knowledge. This branch of amnesia is associated with the malfunctioning of one's explicit memory. It is likely that the disconnect between having the knowledge and remembering the context in which the knowledge was acquired is due to a dissociation between semantic and episodic memory – an individual retains the semantic knowledge (the fact), but lacks the episodic knowledge to indicate the context in which the knowledge was gained.Memory representations reflect the encoding processes during acquisition. Different types of acquisition processes (e.g.: reading, thinking, listening) and different types of events (e.g.: newspaper, thoughts, conversation) will produce mental depictions that perceptually differ from one another in the brain, making it harder to retrieve where information was learned when placed in a different context of retrieval. Source monitoring involves a systematic process of slow and deliberate thought of where information was originally learned. Source monitoring can be improved by using more retrieval cues, discovering and noting relations and extended reasoning.