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Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration.notebook
... 3. The other 2 carbon atoms are used to create a compound called coenzyme A. 4. Coenzyme A joins a 2 carbon molecule to form acetylCoA. 5. The actyl group adds 2 carbon to a 4 carbon molecule which produces a 6 carbon molecule called citric acid. 6. Now, CO2 is released. 7. Electrons ...
... 3. The other 2 carbon atoms are used to create a compound called coenzyme A. 4. Coenzyme A joins a 2 carbon molecule to form acetylCoA. 5. The actyl group adds 2 carbon to a 4 carbon molecule which produces a 6 carbon molecule called citric acid. 6. Now, CO2 is released. 7. Electrons ...
1. Metabolism refers to A) pathways of chemical reactions that build
... sequences of chemical reactions that occur in the body. D) the process of photosynthesis. 2. The original source of all our energy is: A) plants. B) carbon dioxide. C) sunlight. D) oxygen. 3. When a cell needs energy: A) ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. B) ADP releases a phosphate gro ...
... sequences of chemical reactions that occur in the body. D) the process of photosynthesis. 2. The original source of all our energy is: A) plants. B) carbon dioxide. C) sunlight. D) oxygen. 3. When a cell needs energy: A) ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. B) ADP releases a phosphate gro ...
The Chemical Basis of Life Atoms, Molecules, Ions, and Bonds
... • Ionic bonds form between two atoms when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to the other. This bond occurs when the electronegativities of the atoms are very different and one atom has a much stronger pull on the electrons (high electronegativity) than the other atom in the bond. • ...
... • Ionic bonds form between two atoms when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to the other. This bond occurs when the electronegativities of the atoms are very different and one atom has a much stronger pull on the electrons (high electronegativity) than the other atom in the bond. • ...
Coenzymes and Cofactors (PDF Available)
... acid–base catalysis, nucleophilic and electrophilic catalysis, and in a few instances radical initiation, but certainly do not account for all of the types of catalytic reactions of enzymes. For example, an important class of enzymatic reactions are redox reactions, and in general protein functional ...
... acid–base catalysis, nucleophilic and electrophilic catalysis, and in a few instances radical initiation, but certainly do not account for all of the types of catalytic reactions of enzymes. For example, an important class of enzymatic reactions are redox reactions, and in general protein functional ...
Dr. Audrey Lugo`s AP Chemistry Course Syllabus
... These descriptive facts, including the chemistry involved in environmental and societal issues, should not be isolated from the principles being studied but should be taught throughout the course to illustrate and illuminate the principles. The following areas should be covered: 1. Chemical reactivi ...
... These descriptive facts, including the chemistry involved in environmental and societal issues, should not be isolated from the principles being studied but should be taught throughout the course to illustrate and illuminate the principles. The following areas should be covered: 1. Chemical reactivi ...
Energetics
... Anaerobic respiration: The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is not O2. Yields less energy than aerobic respiration because only part of the Krebs cycles operates under anaerobic conditions. ...
... Anaerobic respiration: The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is not O2. Yields less energy than aerobic respiration because only part of the Krebs cycles operates under anaerobic conditions. ...
presentation source
... • The free energy stored in 2 molecules of pyruvic acid is somewhat less than that in the original glucose molecule. • Some of this difference is captured in 2 molecules of ATP. ...
... • The free energy stored in 2 molecules of pyruvic acid is somewhat less than that in the original glucose molecule. • Some of this difference is captured in 2 molecules of ATP. ...
Biology 112/111
... c) Where does glycolysis occur? d) Where does the Krebs cycle occur? e) Where does electron transport in cellular respiration occur? 10. What is needed for the light-dependent reactions to occur? What is produced as a result of the lightdependent reactions of photosynthesis? 11. Be able to label Fig ...
... c) Where does glycolysis occur? d) Where does the Krebs cycle occur? e) Where does electron transport in cellular respiration occur? 10. What is needed for the light-dependent reactions to occur? What is produced as a result of the lightdependent reactions of photosynthesis? 11. Be able to label Fig ...
Singlet Oxygen
... oxygen is known to exist uniquely as a triplet state. The spin-selection rule reduces its reactivity by forbidding reactions with singlet state species, which comprise the majority of compounds. However, the first excited state of an oxygen molecule is a singlet state, which can readily react with o ...
... oxygen is known to exist uniquely as a triplet state. The spin-selection rule reduces its reactivity by forbidding reactions with singlet state species, which comprise the majority of compounds. However, the first excited state of an oxygen molecule is a singlet state, which can readily react with o ...
AP Chemistry Note Outline
... 6. Cancel out any extra water and OH7. Balance Charge with e8. Multiply reactions by factors such that the e- cancel Add both ½ reactions ...
... 6. Cancel out any extra water and OH7. Balance Charge with e8. Multiply reactions by factors such that the e- cancel Add both ½ reactions ...
MS Word Version
... The tertiary structure of myoglobin is that of a typical water soluble globular protein. Its secondary structure is unusual in that it contains a very high proportion (75%) of a-helical secondary structure. A myoglobin polypeptide is comprised of 8 separate right handed ahelices, designated A throug ...
... The tertiary structure of myoglobin is that of a typical water soluble globular protein. Its secondary structure is unusual in that it contains a very high proportion (75%) of a-helical secondary structure. A myoglobin polypeptide is comprised of 8 separate right handed ahelices, designated A throug ...
Cell Respiration Take Home Test 1. When cells break down food
... a. provides organisms an alternative to glycolysis. c. produce most of the ATP needed for life. b. produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. d. All of the above 10. Water is an end product in a. lactic acid formation. c. the Krebs cycle. b. fermentation. d. the electron transport system. 11. NAD+ and ...
... a. provides organisms an alternative to glycolysis. c. produce most of the ATP needed for life. b. produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. d. All of the above 10. Water is an end product in a. lactic acid formation. c. the Krebs cycle. b. fermentation. d. the electron transport system. 11. NAD+ and ...
Biology 7th hour Chapter 6 Krebs Cycle and Fermentation Quiz
... product _____ 6) The final electron acceptor in the process of respiration is: a) CO2 c) H2O b)Oxygen d) ATP _____ 7) During the Krebs cycle, the carbon atoms in glucose become part of: a) Citric acid c) A 6-Carbon Compound b) ATP d) Carbon Dioxide _____ 8) In the last reaction of respiration: a) A ...
... product _____ 6) The final electron acceptor in the process of respiration is: a) CO2 c) H2O b)Oxygen d) ATP _____ 7) During the Krebs cycle, the carbon atoms in glucose become part of: a) Citric acid c) A 6-Carbon Compound b) ATP d) Carbon Dioxide _____ 8) In the last reaction of respiration: a) A ...
Cellular respiration - how cells make energy Oxygen is needed for
... At each step in the chain, a little energy is released that can be used by the cell. Oxygen is what ultimately pulls on these electrons and powers the chain. If all the energy were released at once, it would be explosive. NADH is recycled. So how do we actually go from sugar to ATP? Three main steps ...
... At each step in the chain, a little energy is released that can be used by the cell. Oxygen is what ultimately pulls on these electrons and powers the chain. If all the energy were released at once, it would be explosive. NADH is recycled. So how do we actually go from sugar to ATP? Three main steps ...
File - Ms. Collins Science!
... a) Are the shared electrons in a covalent bond always shared equally between two atoms? ___________ b) When are electrons shared unequally? ____________________________________________________________________ c) ...
... a) Are the shared electrons in a covalent bond always shared equally between two atoms? ___________ b) When are electrons shared unequally? ____________________________________________________________________ c) ...
Adenosine Triphosphate-ATP: The main molecule used by cells for
... Lipid: A group of organic molecules are insoluble in water and soluble in oily solvents. They include fatty acids, fats, oils, and waxes. They are very important nutrients that form a major component of cell membranes, are formed into highly active hormones, and are a source of stored energy. Omega ...
... Lipid: A group of organic molecules are insoluble in water and soluble in oily solvents. They include fatty acids, fats, oils, and waxes. They are very important nutrients that form a major component of cell membranes, are formed into highly active hormones, and are a source of stored energy. Omega ...
Fall.2008.Week9.Lesson.1 - reich
... • Note, when I’m talking about “things” I mean unique formulas. I recognize to balance this reaction it requires 3 moles or 3 molecules on the left, BUT, I’m only speaking about the “types of molecules,” and I’m not invoking the coefficients. ...
... • Note, when I’m talking about “things” I mean unique formulas. I recognize to balance this reaction it requires 3 moles or 3 molecules on the left, BUT, I’m only speaking about the “types of molecules,” and I’m not invoking the coefficients. ...
Respiration - Mayfield City Schools
... • How do the electrons get transported to the special proteins involved? carried by carrier molecules NADH, FADH2 • What is the primary function of the chain? to make ATP ...
... • How do the electrons get transported to the special proteins involved? carried by carrier molecules NADH, FADH2 • What is the primary function of the chain? to make ATP ...
Cellular Respiration Releases Energy from Organic Compounds
... Pyruvate breaks down into CO2 and a 2 carbon group ...
... Pyruvate breaks down into CO2 and a 2 carbon group ...
copyrighted material
... large amount of energy to cool (and freeze) it. So, when sweat evaporates from your forehead, a large amount of heat is taken with it and you are cooled. ...
... large amount of energy to cool (and freeze) it. So, when sweat evaporates from your forehead, a large amount of heat is taken with it and you are cooled. ...
Reactions of Metals and Their Compounds
... For example: Answer = Ms. Lee Question? Who is the most awesome teacher in the world, with beautiful long hair and a wonderful personality. And she is very nice and funny too. ...
... For example: Answer = Ms. Lee Question? Who is the most awesome teacher in the world, with beautiful long hair and a wonderful personality. And she is very nice and funny too. ...
chapt07_lecture - Globe
... originally produced in plants the energy invested in building the organic molecules is retrieved by stripping away electrons and using them to make ATP this process is called cellular respiration What About Fat Cells? Are They Alive? ...
... originally produced in plants the energy invested in building the organic molecules is retrieved by stripping away electrons and using them to make ATP this process is called cellular respiration What About Fat Cells? Are They Alive? ...
Radical (chemistry)
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hydroxyl_radical.png?width=300)
In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired valency electrons.With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make free radicals highly chemically reactive towards other substances, or even towards themselves: their molecules will often spontaneously dimerize or polymerize if they come in contact with each other. Most radicals are reasonably stable only at very low concentrations in inert media or in a vacuum.A notable example of a free radical is the hydroxyl radical (HO•), a molecule that has one unpaired electron on the oxygen atom. Two other examples are triplet oxygen and triplet carbene (:CH2) which have two unpaired electrons. In contrast, the hydroxyl anion (HO−) is not a radical, since the unpaired electron is resolved by the addition of an electron; singlet oxygen and singlet carbene are not radicals as the two electrons are paired.Free radicals may be created in a number of ways, including synthesis with very dilute or rarefied reagents, reactions at very low temperatures, or breakup of larger molecules. The latter can be affected by any process that puts enough energy into the parent molecule, such as ionizing radiation, heat, electrical discharges, electrolysis, and chemical reactions. Indeed, radicals are intermediate stages in many chemical reactions.Free radicals play an important role in combustion, atmospheric chemistry, polymerization, plasma chemistry, biochemistry, and many other chemical processes. In living organisms, the free radicals superoxide and nitric oxide and their reaction products regulate many processes, such as control of vascular tone and thus blood pressure. They also play a key role in the intermediary metabolism of various biological compounds. Such radicals can even be messengers in a process dubbed redox signaling. A radical may be trapped within a solvent cage or be otherwise bound.Until late in the 20th century the word ""radical"" was used in chemistry to indicate any connected group of atoms, such as a methyl group or a carboxyl, whether it was part of a larger molecule or a molecule on its own. The qualifier ""free"" was then needed to specify the unbound case. Following recent nomenclature revisions, a part of a larger molecule is now called a functional group or substituent, and ""radical"" now implies ""free"". However, the old nomenclature may still occur in the literature.