Organization and Integration of Large-scale Datasets for
... a promising model organism in systems biology when aiming to assess understanding of an entire living cell. One of the key steps towards this goal is the design of mathematical models that describe the cellular processes by connecting the involved components and that allow to unravel underlying mech ...
... a promising model organism in systems biology when aiming to assess understanding of an entire living cell. One of the key steps towards this goal is the design of mathematical models that describe the cellular processes by connecting the involved components and that allow to unravel underlying mech ...
Document
... One of the most widely occuring steroids, was first isolated in 1770. Contains 8 chiral C atoms, this means that 28 or 256 stereoisomers are possible, but only one of them is cholesterol. ...
... One of the most widely occuring steroids, was first isolated in 1770. Contains 8 chiral C atoms, this means that 28 or 256 stereoisomers are possible, but only one of them is cholesterol. ...
Proton Translocation Coupled to Electron Transfer Reactions in
... The main foodstuffs used by cells in the cellular respiration are carbohydrates, fatty acids, and proteins. As an example, the catabolic reaction of carbohydrates in higher organisms consists of three main stages. The first stage is glycolysis and it takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. In this ...
... The main foodstuffs used by cells in the cellular respiration are carbohydrates, fatty acids, and proteins. As an example, the catabolic reaction of carbohydrates in higher organisms consists of three main stages. The first stage is glycolysis and it takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. In this ...
Systems biology of inborn errors of metabolism
... understanding of the precise biochemical pathology involved. Constraint-based metabolic network reconstruction and modeling is the core systems biology methods to analyze the complex interactions between cellular components that maintain cellular homeostasis. Simultaneously, the global human metabol ...
... understanding of the precise biochemical pathology involved. Constraint-based metabolic network reconstruction and modeling is the core systems biology methods to analyze the complex interactions between cellular components that maintain cellular homeostasis. Simultaneously, the global human metabol ...
REGULATION OF PYRUVATE KINASE AND GLYCEROL
... example, studies with the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, showed that liver lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was altered during estivation by phosphorylation, demethylation and ubiquitination with a resulting increase in LDH activity (Katzenback et al., 2014). Roles for reversible protein phosphoryl ...
... example, studies with the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, showed that liver lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was altered during estivation by phosphorylation, demethylation and ubiquitination with a resulting increase in LDH activity (Katzenback et al., 2014). Roles for reversible protein phosphoryl ...
Bile acids activate ryanodine receptors in pancreatic acinar cells via
... release and prolonged elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i) in the acinar cell [4]. Impaired Ca2+ signaling is considered to be the critical molecular step of acute pancreatitis because it causes premature intraacinar protease activation and acinar cell damage that provokes th ...
... release and prolonged elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i) in the acinar cell [4]. Impaired Ca2+ signaling is considered to be the critical molecular step of acute pancreatitis because it causes premature intraacinar protease activation and acinar cell damage that provokes th ...
Propionic Acid Degradation by Syntrophic Bacteria During
... The ability of propionate degradation by organisms from North Sea sediments and rumen liquid was also investigated. Obtained degradation rates were 0.004 mmol l−1 h−1 and 0.02 mmol l−1 h−1 , respectively. The values were compared with those determined for mesophilic and thermophilic cultures, as wel ...
... The ability of propionate degradation by organisms from North Sea sediments and rumen liquid was also investigated. Obtained degradation rates were 0.004 mmol l−1 h−1 and 0.02 mmol l−1 h−1 , respectively. The values were compared with those determined for mesophilic and thermophilic cultures, as wel ...
Metabolism of bile acids
... per day [1,2]. About three times this amount represents the total bile acid pool size that cycles through the enterohepatic circulation [2]. Bile acids complete an enterohepatic cycle about eight times per day. Enterohepatic cycling represents an efficient system for reusage of active components. En ...
... per day [1,2]. About three times this amount represents the total bile acid pool size that cycles through the enterohepatic circulation [2]. Bile acids complete an enterohepatic cycle about eight times per day. Enterohepatic cycling represents an efficient system for reusage of active components. En ...
REPRODUCTION
... Table 1 and will be discussed later. Oocyte-secreted factors and metabolism Considering the importance of the cumulus vestment to oocyte developmental competence, the influence of oocyte-secreted factors on cumulus cell metabolic activity was examined. Glucose consumption by intact cattle COCs and o ...
... Table 1 and will be discussed later. Oocyte-secreted factors and metabolism Considering the importance of the cumulus vestment to oocyte developmental competence, the influence of oocyte-secreted factors on cumulus cell metabolic activity was examined. Glucose consumption by intact cattle COCs and o ...
REDESIGN OF CARNITINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE SPECIFICITY BY PROTEIN ENGINEERING UNIVERSIDAD DE BARCELONA
... mit.) of 626 amino acids with a molecular mass of 71 kDa. The protein shows 96 and 90% identity with CrAT from mouse and human, respectively. The N-terminal end of the primary translation product has a 21 amino-acid sequence before the second methionine, which is the putative first amino acid in per ...
... mit.) of 626 amino acids with a molecular mass of 71 kDa. The protein shows 96 and 90% identity with CrAT from mouse and human, respectively. The N-terminal end of the primary translation product has a 21 amino-acid sequence before the second methionine, which is the putative first amino acid in per ...
Rhenium- and molybdenum-catalyzed dehydration reactions
... ratio close to one and are highly functionalized with hydroxyl groups. Therefore a completely different type of chemistry is required to acquire building blocks from lignocellulosic biomass suitable for the chemical industry: while in the case of fossil feedstocks functionality must be added, functi ...
... ratio close to one and are highly functionalized with hydroxyl groups. Therefore a completely different type of chemistry is required to acquire building blocks from lignocellulosic biomass suitable for the chemical industry: while in the case of fossil feedstocks functionality must be added, functi ...
Carbohydrate-Based Mimetics in Drug Design: Sugar Amino Acids
... molecular recognition. In order to perform these functions, the correct folding of the biopolymers creating the active site is crucial, since any kind of interaction is observed only if the reactive groups are positioned in the correct spatial orientation to each other. Thus, the development of smal ...
... molecular recognition. In order to perform these functions, the correct folding of the biopolymers creating the active site is crucial, since any kind of interaction is observed only if the reactive groups are positioned in the correct spatial orientation to each other. Thus, the development of smal ...
ppt file
... Histidine--the “ambidextrous” side chain Histidine is just barely acidic enough to populate base forms at neutral pH therefore, its base form is about the strongest base that can ...
... Histidine--the “ambidextrous” side chain Histidine is just barely acidic enough to populate base forms at neutral pH therefore, its base form is about the strongest base that can ...
View/Open
... group is similar to the way they affect the reactivity of an aromatic ring toward electrophilic substitution (Section 16.5). A chlorine substituent, for example, inductively withdraws electrons from an acyl group in the same way that it withdraws electrons from and thus deactivates an aromatic ring. ...
... group is similar to the way they affect the reactivity of an aromatic ring toward electrophilic substitution (Section 16.5). A chlorine substituent, for example, inductively withdraws electrons from an acyl group in the same way that it withdraws electrons from and thus deactivates an aromatic ring. ...
working with peptides
... Peptides in solution are only stable for up to one week when stored at +4 C. If peptides are to be used frequently, solubilize and aliquot, then store frozen at -20 C (-30 C if in DMSO; note that DMSO is hygyroscopic so will not freeze well once it has absorbed water) or lower, and avoid freeze-thaw ...
... Peptides in solution are only stable for up to one week when stored at +4 C. If peptides are to be used frequently, solubilize and aliquot, then store frozen at -20 C (-30 C if in DMSO; note that DMSO is hygyroscopic so will not freeze well once it has absorbed water) or lower, and avoid freeze-thaw ...
Viva Voce : Orals in Biochemistry
... 10. Chemistry and metabolism of nucleic acids. ............................................................ 83 11. (i) Molecular biology – I – A Replication ............................................................ 93 (ii) Molecular biology I – B Transcription .................................... ...
... 10. Chemistry and metabolism of nucleic acids. ............................................................ 83 11. (i) Molecular biology – I – A Replication ............................................................ 93 (ii) Molecular biology I – B Transcription .................................... ...
Sales Presentation Novozymes Ondea Pro
... Concept has been under investigation for over 50 years In the early 1960’s researchers at Labatt Breweries of Canada studied the feasibility of adding protolytic and diastatic enzymes to raw cereal mash, such as unmalted barley or corn, to produce a brewers wort Claimed to produce an acceptable beer ...
... Concept has been under investigation for over 50 years In the early 1960’s researchers at Labatt Breweries of Canada studied the feasibility of adding protolytic and diastatic enzymes to raw cereal mash, such as unmalted barley or corn, to produce a brewers wort Claimed to produce an acceptable beer ...
Anaerobic respiration with elemental sulfur and with disulfides
... Methanothermus, and Methanococcus, produce substantial amounts of H2 S, while methanogenesis is signi¢cantly reduced [34]. In some heterotrophs, such as Pyrococcus furiosus and Thermotoga maritima, sulfur is thought to serve as an additional electron sink, but in many organisms, e.g., Aquifex pyroph ...
... Methanothermus, and Methanococcus, produce substantial amounts of H2 S, while methanogenesis is signi¢cantly reduced [34]. In some heterotrophs, such as Pyrococcus furiosus and Thermotoga maritima, sulfur is thought to serve as an additional electron sink, but in many organisms, e.g., Aquifex pyroph ...
A Dictionary of the New Chymical Nomenclature
... Camphorat of gold [p. 120] Camphorat of iron Camphorat of lead Camphorat of lime Camphorat of magnesia Camphorat of manganese Camphorat of mercury Camphorat of molybden Camphorat of nickel Camphorat of platina Camphorat of potash Camphorat of silver Camphorat of soda Camphorat of tin Camphorat of tu ...
... Camphorat of gold [p. 120] Camphorat of iron Camphorat of lead Camphorat of lime Camphorat of magnesia Camphorat of manganese Camphorat of mercury Camphorat of molybden Camphorat of nickel Camphorat of platina Camphorat of potash Camphorat of silver Camphorat of soda Camphorat of tin Camphorat of tu ...
CYP-450
... The physicochemical properties of drugs that predispose (使偏向于) them to good absorption, such as lipophilicity (亲脂性) , are impediment(妨 碍) to their elimination. As a consequence, the elimination of drugs normally requires their conversion into water soluble compounds by a process of metabolism, w ...
... The physicochemical properties of drugs that predispose (使偏向于) them to good absorption, such as lipophilicity (亲脂性) , are impediment(妨 碍) to their elimination. As a consequence, the elimination of drugs normally requires their conversion into water soluble compounds by a process of metabolism, w ...
Kinetic modelling of the Maillard reaction between proteins and sugars
... study the reactions of interest quantitatively. In this paper the main reaction products in monosaccharide-casein systems, which were heated at 120°C and neutral pH, were identified and quantified, and thereaction pathways were established. Themain reaction routes were (i) sugar isomerisation, (ii) ...
... study the reactions of interest quantitatively. In this paper the main reaction products in monosaccharide-casein systems, which were heated at 120°C and neutral pH, were identified and quantified, and thereaction pathways were established. Themain reaction routes were (i) sugar isomerisation, (ii) ...
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access
... modulation of carbon flux partitioning between glycolysis and the TCA cycle, ultimately increasing the availability of carbon for storage as PHB. Phosphate limitation and supplementation with Homoserine and other oxaloacetate derived amino acids, gave rise to increased PHB, owing to reduced activity ...
... modulation of carbon flux partitioning between glycolysis and the TCA cycle, ultimately increasing the availability of carbon for storage as PHB. Phosphate limitation and supplementation with Homoserine and other oxaloacetate derived amino acids, gave rise to increased PHB, owing to reduced activity ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.