The nature of mycelial lipolytic enzymes in filamentous fungi
... suggest that separate enzymes are involved. In addition to the activities already mentioned, some mycelial samples hydrolysed the substrate to phosphatidic acid. Results are reported in Table 3. This is in conformity with a previous observation [1] of the presence of phospholipase D in filamentous f ...
... suggest that separate enzymes are involved. In addition to the activities already mentioned, some mycelial samples hydrolysed the substrate to phosphatidic acid. Results are reported in Table 3. This is in conformity with a previous observation [1] of the presence of phospholipase D in filamentous f ...
DNA Base Composition, DNA-DNA Homology and Long
... respectively. These data are in good agreement with the previous reports of about 38 to 42 mol % G + C within these species (Deibel & Seeley, 1974; Kilpper-Balz et al., 1982). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments are shown in Table 2. Streptococcus salivarius and S. therrnophilus strains ...
... respectively. These data are in good agreement with the previous reports of about 38 to 42 mol % G + C within these species (Deibel & Seeley, 1974; Kilpper-Balz et al., 1982). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments are shown in Table 2. Streptococcus salivarius and S. therrnophilus strains ...
The Fermentation of Lactic Acid by a Gram
... A.R.C. Unit for Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, The University, Sheffield ...
... A.R.C. Unit for Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, The University, Sheffield ...
Biochemical Pathways in Prokaryotes Can Be
... cofactor specificities have always been found. A strong rationale has been presented to argue that broad specificity for substrate (and cofactor) is a primitive property of enzymes (Jensen 1976). Such cofactor specificity for NAD+ or NADP+ is presented as the ancestral state that existed at the poin ...
... cofactor specificities have always been found. A strong rationale has been presented to argue that broad specificity for substrate (and cofactor) is a primitive property of enzymes (Jensen 1976). Such cofactor specificity for NAD+ or NADP+ is presented as the ancestral state that existed at the poin ...
ANTIBIOTICS
... Moreover, the chemical reactions are parrell to those of cysteine . For example like cysteine D-penicillamine also reacts with acetone to yield an isopropylidene derivative. The latter Compound does not contain a free amino or thiol group and is reconverted into pencillamine On hydrolysis. These re ...
... Moreover, the chemical reactions are parrell to those of cysteine . For example like cysteine D-penicillamine also reacts with acetone to yield an isopropylidene derivative. The latter Compound does not contain a free amino or thiol group and is reconverted into pencillamine On hydrolysis. These re ...
DNA Base Composition, DNA-DNA Homology and Long
... respectively. These data are in good agreement with the previous reports of about 38 to 42 mol % G + C within these species (Deibel & Seeley, 1974; Kilpper-Balz et al., 1982). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments are shown in Table 2. Streptococcus salivarius and S. therrnophilus strains ...
... respectively. These data are in good agreement with the previous reports of about 38 to 42 mol % G + C within these species (Deibel & Seeley, 1974; Kilpper-Balz et al., 1982). The results of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments are shown in Table 2. Streptococcus salivarius and S. therrnophilus strains ...
Macrocyclic Carbohydrate/Amino Acid Hybrid Molecules
... convert nutrients to energy in the metabolism, transport molecules through cell membranes, and mediate cell adhesion in tissue formation. Proteins also have many other functions and it would be difficult to find a process in a living cell where proteins are not involved. In many of these processes, ...
... convert nutrients to energy in the metabolism, transport molecules through cell membranes, and mediate cell adhesion in tissue formation. Proteins also have many other functions and it would be difficult to find a process in a living cell where proteins are not involved. In many of these processes, ...
Binding of Straight-Chain Saturated Dicarboxylic Acids to Albumin
... Volume 82, November 1988, 1567-1573 ...
... Volume 82, November 1988, 1567-1573 ...
Bio 226: Cell and Molecular Biology
... 1 in 6 G3P becomes (CH2O)n either becomes starch in chloroplast (to store in cell) or is converted to DHAP & exported to cytoplasm to make sucrose Pi/triosePO4 antiporter only trades DHAP for Pi ...
... 1 in 6 G3P becomes (CH2O)n either becomes starch in chloroplast (to store in cell) or is converted to DHAP & exported to cytoplasm to make sucrose Pi/triosePO4 antiporter only trades DHAP for Pi ...
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular
... the controlled oxidation of metabolites containing reduced carbon to produce carbon dioxide and water as the final products (Taiz and Zeiger, 1991).Severa1 types of reduced carbon compounds, including fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids, can serve as the primary reducing substrates for plant ...
... the controlled oxidation of metabolites containing reduced carbon to produce carbon dioxide and water as the final products (Taiz and Zeiger, 1991).Severa1 types of reduced carbon compounds, including fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids, can serve as the primary reducing substrates for plant ...
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular
... the controlled oxidation of metabolites containing reduced carbon to produce carbon dioxide and water as the final products (Taiz and Zeiger, 1991).Severa1 types of reduced carbon compounds, including fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids, can serve as the primary reducing substrates for plant ...
... the controlled oxidation of metabolites containing reduced carbon to produce carbon dioxide and water as the final products (Taiz and Zeiger, 1991).Severa1 types of reduced carbon compounds, including fatty acids, organic acids, and amino acids, can serve as the primary reducing substrates for plant ...
Cloning and Characterization of Unusual Fatty Acid Desaturases
... SA has structural similarity to the methyleneinterrupted PUFA arachidonic acid (20:4D5,8,11,14; ARA) but lacks the internal D8-double bond essential for eicosanoid synthesis. In addition to considerable clinical evidence as to the efficacy of C20 to C22 PUFAs such as ARA, eicosapentaenoic acid, and ...
... SA has structural similarity to the methyleneinterrupted PUFA arachidonic acid (20:4D5,8,11,14; ARA) but lacks the internal D8-double bond essential for eicosanoid synthesis. In addition to considerable clinical evidence as to the efficacy of C20 to C22 PUFAs such as ARA, eicosapentaenoic acid, and ...
Regulation of thiamine synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for
... 2009), malate (Zelle et al., 2008, 2010) and succinate (Raab et al., 2010, 2011) from pyruvate by expression of heterologous enzymes and transporters or disruption of homologous enzymes. Moreover, if the aim of the S. cerevisiae metabolic process is to produce maximum amounts of other carboxylic aci ...
... 2009), malate (Zelle et al., 2008, 2010) and succinate (Raab et al., 2010, 2011) from pyruvate by expression of heterologous enzymes and transporters or disruption of homologous enzymes. Moreover, if the aim of the S. cerevisiae metabolic process is to produce maximum amounts of other carboxylic aci ...
Algology and Mycology - Theory
... Paper 1a ALGOLOGY AND MYCOLOGY B. Sc. va (Candidates admitted from the academic year 2008-2009) Core Theory Algology UNIT I Introduction to Algae: Definition; Distribution of algae: Freshwater algae, Brackish Water algae and marine algae. Classification of Algae: Divisions of algae and their importa ...
... Paper 1a ALGOLOGY AND MYCOLOGY B. Sc. va (Candidates admitted from the academic year 2008-2009) Core Theory Algology UNIT I Introduction to Algae: Definition; Distribution of algae: Freshwater algae, Brackish Water algae and marine algae. Classification of Algae: Divisions of algae and their importa ...
Malic acid production by Aspergillus oryzae
... Citric acid is a well-known organic acid that is extensively used in the food and beverage industry as it combines a pleasant taste with low toxicity and palatability. It serves several functions in the food formulation, like sterilization, flavor fixation and enhancement, bacterial stabilization, a ...
... Citric acid is a well-known organic acid that is extensively used in the food and beverage industry as it combines a pleasant taste with low toxicity and palatability. It serves several functions in the food formulation, like sterilization, flavor fixation and enhancement, bacterial stabilization, a ...
Living on the edge: substrate competition explains loss of
... cover CoA esters with chain lengths ranging from 4 to 16 carbon atoms. Substrates of different chain lengths therefore compete for common enzymes. Since each enzyme molecule can only bind one substrate molecule at a time, the alternative substrates for the same enzyme act as competitive inhibitors. ...
... cover CoA esters with chain lengths ranging from 4 to 16 carbon atoms. Substrates of different chain lengths therefore compete for common enzymes. Since each enzyme molecule can only bind one substrate molecule at a time, the alternative substrates for the same enzyme act as competitive inhibitors. ...
Enzymes
... They bind specifically to a substrate, forming a complex. This complex lowers the activation energy in the reaction: o without the enzyme becoming consumed o and without changing the equilibrium of the reaction. A product is produced at the end of the reaction M. Zaharna Clin. Chem. 2015 ...
... They bind specifically to a substrate, forming a complex. This complex lowers the activation energy in the reaction: o without the enzyme becoming consumed o and without changing the equilibrium of the reaction. A product is produced at the end of the reaction M. Zaharna Clin. Chem. 2015 ...
PDF - Agricultural Journals
... reaction, the oxo group is reduced stereospecifically by 3-oxoacyl-ACP reductase (EC 1.1.1.100) to the corresponding β-hydroxy ester, i.e. (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-ACP. The elimination of water in the fifth reaction is catalysed by 3-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.61) and yields trans-α,β-unsatur ...
... reaction, the oxo group is reduced stereospecifically by 3-oxoacyl-ACP reductase (EC 1.1.1.100) to the corresponding β-hydroxy ester, i.e. (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-ACP. The elimination of water in the fifth reaction is catalysed by 3-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.61) and yields trans-α,β-unsatur ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... Mikrobiologie I, Universit~t Tfibingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-7400 T/ibingen, FRG ...
... Mikrobiologie I, Universit~t Tfibingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-7400 T/ibingen, FRG ...
Regulation of the Escherichia coli Tryptophan Operon by Early
... basis of 3MA resistance (MAR 13) was found to excrete small amounts of chorismic acid and to have a feedback-resistant phenylalanine 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonic acid-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthetase. Genetic evidence indicates that the mutation conferring 3MA resistance and feedback resistance is ver ...
... basis of 3MA resistance (MAR 13) was found to excrete small amounts of chorismic acid and to have a feedback-resistant phenylalanine 3-deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonic acid-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthetase. Genetic evidence indicates that the mutation conferring 3MA resistance and feedback resistance is ver ...
One-Pot Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Cyanohydroxymethyl r
... of L-proline.3a Because of the aldehyde functionality present in the product, the excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities of the reaction, and the mild reaction conditions provided by L-proline catalysis,4 the products should be useful for the further transformations such as nucleophilic react ...
... of L-proline.3a Because of the aldehyde functionality present in the product, the excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities of the reaction, and the mild reaction conditions provided by L-proline catalysis,4 the products should be useful for the further transformations such as nucleophilic react ...
Metabolism IV
... Ring is no longer netpositive Ring is still planar but the two hydrogens on the para carbon are not ...
... Ring is no longer netpositive Ring is still planar but the two hydrogens on the para carbon are not ...
EFFECT OF COOKING AND ROASTING ON THE AMINO ACID
... is the raw sample. About 350 g of the dried groundnut pods were put into an iron pot and mixed with clean fine sand and stirred to prevent burning of the sample and to ensure uniform distribution of heat. The groundnut pods were roasted for about 30 min at 120-130°C using Gallenkamp thermostat hot p ...
... is the raw sample. About 350 g of the dried groundnut pods were put into an iron pot and mixed with clean fine sand and stirred to prevent burning of the sample and to ensure uniform distribution of heat. The groundnut pods were roasted for about 30 min at 120-130°C using Gallenkamp thermostat hot p ...
Higher Human Biology unit 1 section 5 ENZYMES
... • A 1 molar solution is produced when 138g are dissolved in 1 litre of water. • A 0.1 molar solution is produced when 13.8g are dissolved in 100ml of water • A 0.01 molar solution is produced when 1.38g are dissolved in 100ml of water Work out what weights of sodium phosphate need to be added to 100 ...
... • A 1 molar solution is produced when 138g are dissolved in 1 litre of water. • A 0.1 molar solution is produced when 13.8g are dissolved in 100ml of water • A 0.01 molar solution is produced when 1.38g are dissolved in 100ml of water Work out what weights of sodium phosphate need to be added to 100 ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.