General Biochemistry Exam – 2002 Excess Acetyl
... 34. Cancer patients received treatment with a drug that suppresses the activity of HAT (histone acetyltransferase). Doctors extracted mRNA from the cancer cells before and after the administration of treatment. After the treatment, the doctors found that the amount of transcription had increased in ...
... 34. Cancer patients received treatment with a drug that suppresses the activity of HAT (histone acetyltransferase). Doctors extracted mRNA from the cancer cells before and after the administration of treatment. After the treatment, the doctors found that the amount of transcription had increased in ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... The electrons from 1 NADH results in the production of 3 ATP molecules while the electrons from 1 FADH2 results in the production of 2 ATP molecules. Why is there a difference? ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ...
... The electrons from 1 NADH results in the production of 3 ATP molecules while the electrons from 1 FADH2 results in the production of 2 ATP molecules. Why is there a difference? ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ...
B1510F10_Exam3V1
... Note the version of this exam, which is shown in the header to each page. Bubble in the version number in Column P under "Special Codes". Completely fill in your name and 9-digit GT ID number (9xxxxxxxx) on the left side of the exam sheet. Start entering your ID number from the column A on the l ...
... Note the version of this exam, which is shown in the header to each page. Bubble in the version number in Column P under "Special Codes". Completely fill in your name and 9-digit GT ID number (9xxxxxxxx) on the left side of the exam sheet. Start entering your ID number from the column A on the l ...
Introduction to Metabolism
... Which of the following compounds cannot serve as the starting material for the synthesis of glucose via gluconeogenesis? A) acetate B) glycerol C) lactate D) oxaloacetate E) α-ketoglutarate Which one of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is false? A) For starting materials, it can use c ...
... Which of the following compounds cannot serve as the starting material for the synthesis of glucose via gluconeogenesis? A) acetate B) glycerol C) lactate D) oxaloacetate E) α-ketoglutarate Which one of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is false? A) For starting materials, it can use c ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Makes total of 4 ATPs At end of reaction, net of 2 ATP available to cell, and NADH (energy carrier – will go to ETC) NOT EFFICIENT ...
... Makes total of 4 ATPs At end of reaction, net of 2 ATP available to cell, and NADH (energy carrier – will go to ETC) NOT EFFICIENT ...
Bio 110 S.I. chapters 6 & 7
... pyruvate reduction citric acid cycle electron transport chain fermentation ...
... pyruvate reduction citric acid cycle electron transport chain fermentation ...
Ch. 6 Cellular Respiration
... Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) into two pyruvic acid (pyruvate) (3C) molecules ...
... Partially oxidizes glucose (6C) into two pyruvic acid (pyruvate) (3C) molecules ...
Chapter 17
... - The reduced hemes have 3 characteristic absorption bands (α, β, γ) between 400 and 600 nm. - The absorption maxim of α bands are used to nomenclature, such as cytochrome b566 --- this cytochrome has a b-type heme and an absorption maximum of α-band at 566 nm. 15. Cytochrome c is a peripheral membr ...
... - The reduced hemes have 3 characteristic absorption bands (α, β, γ) between 400 and 600 nm. - The absorption maxim of α bands are used to nomenclature, such as cytochrome b566 --- this cytochrome has a b-type heme and an absorption maximum of α-band at 566 nm. 15. Cytochrome c is a peripheral membr ...
Dear Notetaker:
... i. Stroma needs hydration- lots of water—vitamin C is water soluble 6. Cytosolic acetyl CoA comes from: a. The mitochondria when citrate builds up i. If Krebs cycle has enough energy, it slows down, citrate builds up, and acetyl CoA can leave then. Regulatory step that is important..need to understa ...
... i. Stroma needs hydration- lots of water—vitamin C is water soluble 6. Cytosolic acetyl CoA comes from: a. The mitochondria when citrate builds up i. If Krebs cycle has enough energy, it slows down, citrate builds up, and acetyl CoA can leave then. Regulatory step that is important..need to understa ...
Exam Two Review Guide Chapter Five Anabolism vs. Catabolism
... 8. Definition of chemiosomosis. 9. What are the four steps of cellular respiration? 10. Which step is oxygen dependent? 11. For each step of cellular respiration, be able to account for all ATP, CO2, H2O NADH+H+ and FADH2 generated. 12. Explain the difference between substrate phosphorylation and ox ...
... 8. Definition of chemiosomosis. 9. What are the four steps of cellular respiration? 10. Which step is oxygen dependent? 11. For each step of cellular respiration, be able to account for all ATP, CO2, H2O NADH+H+ and FADH2 generated. 12. Explain the difference between substrate phosphorylation and ox ...
Solomon chapter 8 practice AP bio test sept 2015
... The proton gradient established during electron transport is a form of potential energy. The electron transport chain can be found in the mitochondria of aerobic bacteria and other cells. The movement of protons down a concentration gradient is an endergonic process. ATP synthesis associated with th ...
... The proton gradient established during electron transport is a form of potential energy. The electron transport chain can be found in the mitochondria of aerobic bacteria and other cells. The movement of protons down a concentration gradient is an endergonic process. ATP synthesis associated with th ...
PGS 160-167
... other two parts of Cellular Respiration – Kreb’s Cycle and Electron Transport Chain. A. In order to enter the inner Mitochondrial space, where the Kreb’s Cycle occurs, Pyruvate MUST be converted to Acetyl Coenzyme A. This is referred to as the Pyruvate Conversion. It occurs in the space BETWEEN the ...
... other two parts of Cellular Respiration – Kreb’s Cycle and Electron Transport Chain. A. In order to enter the inner Mitochondrial space, where the Kreb’s Cycle occurs, Pyruvate MUST be converted to Acetyl Coenzyme A. This is referred to as the Pyruvate Conversion. It occurs in the space BETWEEN the ...
DARK REACTIONS energy utilization The Calvin Cycle
... Reducing C=O equivalents Needs ATP and NAPDPH + H+ \ O-H NonNon-cyclic electron flow pyruvate 14 ...
... Reducing C=O equivalents Needs ATP and NAPDPH + H+ \ O-H NonNon-cyclic electron flow pyruvate 14 ...
Week 6 Pre-Lecture Slides
... How does diversification of metabolic output improve fitness for an organism? ...
... How does diversification of metabolic output improve fitness for an organism? ...
17 photosynth 2 10 10 05
... accumulate malate to high concentration in central vacuole use sugar oxidation/catabolism to power (NADH and ATP) carbon fixation ...
... accumulate malate to high concentration in central vacuole use sugar oxidation/catabolism to power (NADH and ATP) carbon fixation ...
Cellular Respirationx
... second part of aerobic respiration. In eukaryotic cells, the molecules needed for this are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the molecules for the electron transport chain are embedded in the cell membrane. The purpose of the electron transport chain is to make ATP ...
... second part of aerobic respiration. In eukaryotic cells, the molecules needed for this are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the molecules for the electron transport chain are embedded in the cell membrane. The purpose of the electron transport chain is to make ATP ...
Slide 1 - MisterSyracuse.com
... A. If it wasn’t, there would be nothing to add Acetyl CoA to, and the cycle would stop. B. They cycle would stop because no ATP would be delivered by NADH. C. The cycle would continue, using fermentation instead. D. The E.T.C. needs oxaloacetate as the final electron acceptor, so it would stop. ...
... A. If it wasn’t, there would be nothing to add Acetyl CoA to, and the cycle would stop. B. They cycle would stop because no ATP would be delivered by NADH. C. The cycle would continue, using fermentation instead. D. The E.T.C. needs oxaloacetate as the final electron acceptor, so it would stop. ...
key - Scioly.org
... glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate ...
... glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate ...
Document
... In ureotelic organisms the urea cycle disposes of approximately 90% of surplus nitrogen. Urea is formed from ammonia, CO2, and aspartate in a cyclic pathway referred to as the urea cycle. The urea cycle is a mechanism designed to convert NH4+ to urea, a less toxic molecule. Note that citrulline is t ...
... In ureotelic organisms the urea cycle disposes of approximately 90% of surplus nitrogen. Urea is formed from ammonia, CO2, and aspartate in a cyclic pathway referred to as the urea cycle. The urea cycle is a mechanism designed to convert NH4+ to urea, a less toxic molecule. Note that citrulline is t ...
ORGANIC ACIDS – Citric Acid Cycle (urine)
... The citric acid cycle is a critical component for macronutrient metabolism and energy conversion for all nutrients. The complete metabolism for each nutrient must go through the citric acid cycle. This cycle is also an important source of biosynthetic building blocks used in gluconeogenesis, amino a ...
... The citric acid cycle is a critical component for macronutrient metabolism and energy conversion for all nutrients. The complete metabolism for each nutrient must go through the citric acid cycle. This cycle is also an important source of biosynthetic building blocks used in gluconeogenesis, amino a ...
Biome
... Organism’s Habitat habitat: place where an organism lives dispersal: movement of individuals from areas of high population density (or their area of origin) ...
... Organism’s Habitat habitat: place where an organism lives dispersal: movement of individuals from areas of high population density (or their area of origin) ...
Respiration 2 PPT
... • Our bodies generally use many sources of energy in respiration (fig 9.19) regulated by feedback inhibition (fig 9.20) • Carbohydrates simple sugars, enter glycolysis • Proteins amino acids (used to build new proteins) ...
... • Our bodies generally use many sources of energy in respiration (fig 9.19) regulated by feedback inhibition (fig 9.20) • Carbohydrates simple sugars, enter glycolysis • Proteins amino acids (used to build new proteins) ...
BSC 2010 - Exam I Lectures and Text Pages Citric Acid Cycle • Citric
... • Our bodies generally use many sources of energy in respiration (fig 9.19) → regulated by feedback inhibition (fig 9.20) • Carbohydrates → simple sugars, enter glycolysis • Proteins → amino acids (used to build new proteins) ...
... • Our bodies generally use many sources of energy in respiration (fig 9.19) → regulated by feedback inhibition (fig 9.20) • Carbohydrates → simple sugars, enter glycolysis • Proteins → amino acids (used to build new proteins) ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.