7 - Anaerobic Respiration
... until after exercise finishes, or if exercise intensity drops significantly (as high levels of O2 availability are required for aerobic respiration) – fatigue occurs. •If exercise continues after the depletion of the PCr stores then other energy systems must be used to resynthesise ATP. •Only 1 ATP ...
... until after exercise finishes, or if exercise intensity drops significantly (as high levels of O2 availability are required for aerobic respiration) – fatigue occurs. •If exercise continues after the depletion of the PCr stores then other energy systems must be used to resynthesise ATP. •Only 1 ATP ...
Respiration - csfcA2Biology
... Substrate Level Phosphorylation In respiration it is produced in this way during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle ...
... Substrate Level Phosphorylation In respiration it is produced in this way during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle ...
Cellular Respiration Packet
... Acetyl-CoA added to 4 carbons to form = Citric acid (6-C) Citric acid broken down to 5-carbon, then 4 carbon; more CO2 released. Along the way more NADH and FADH2 formed and one molecule of ATP also made (6) 2 turns & 2 pyruvic acid (from glycolysis) yields: 10 NADH (2 from glycolysis) 2 FADH2 4 ATP ...
... Acetyl-CoA added to 4 carbons to form = Citric acid (6-C) Citric acid broken down to 5-carbon, then 4 carbon; more CO2 released. Along the way more NADH and FADH2 formed and one molecule of ATP also made (6) 2 turns & 2 pyruvic acid (from glycolysis) yields: 10 NADH (2 from glycolysis) 2 FADH2 4 ATP ...
Chapter 21
... • Conversion of CO2 to glucose in plants. • Synthesis of glucose in animals and humans. • Conversion of glucose to other carbohydrates. Conversion of CO2 to carbohydrates in plants • Photosynthesis takes place in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. ...
... • Conversion of CO2 to glucose in plants. • Synthesis of glucose in animals and humans. • Conversion of glucose to other carbohydrates. Conversion of CO2 to carbohydrates in plants • Photosynthesis takes place in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. ...
Chapter 3
... 1. Discuss the function of cell membrane, nucleus, and mitochondria. 2. Define the following terms: endergonic reactions, exergonic reactions, coupled reactions, and g bioenergetics. 3. Describe the role of enzymes as catalysts in cellular chemical reactions. 4. List and discuss the nutrients that a ...
... 1. Discuss the function of cell membrane, nucleus, and mitochondria. 2. Define the following terms: endergonic reactions, exergonic reactions, coupled reactions, and g bioenergetics. 3. Describe the role of enzymes as catalysts in cellular chemical reactions. 4. List and discuss the nutrients that a ...
Analysis of energy metabolism in acetic acid bacteria during
... Fig. 1. Central carbon metabolic pathway of A. aceti. Dashed arrows indicate the glyoxylate pathway. Thick arrows indicate genes mediating reactions that were significantly upregulated in the glyoxylate pathway-deficient mutant. ...
... Fig. 1. Central carbon metabolic pathway of A. aceti. Dashed arrows indicate the glyoxylate pathway. Thick arrows indicate genes mediating reactions that were significantly upregulated in the glyoxylate pathway-deficient mutant. ...
Biology-1 Exam Two You can write on this exam. Please put a W at
... b. acetyl CoA, FADH2, and CO2. c. acetyl CoA, FAD, and CO2. d. acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO2. e. acetyl CoA, NAD+, ATP, and CO2. 31. Which of the following is not associated with the electron transport chain in cellular respiration? a. proteins that alternate between oxidized and reduced states b. proto ...
... b. acetyl CoA, FADH2, and CO2. c. acetyl CoA, FAD, and CO2. d. acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO2. e. acetyl CoA, NAD+, ATP, and CO2. 31. Which of the following is not associated with the electron transport chain in cellular respiration? a. proteins that alternate between oxidized and reduced states b. proto ...
NOTES: 9.1-9.2 - Cellular Respiration
... • 2 are produced in Glycolysis, 2 in Krebs Cycle, and 32 in Elec. Trans. Chain -18 times more ATP are produced in the presence of Oxygen!! How efficient is this? • The 36 ATP molecules the cell makes per 1 glucose represents about 36% of the total energy in glucose • Even though it doesn’t seem like ...
... • 2 are produced in Glycolysis, 2 in Krebs Cycle, and 32 in Elec. Trans. Chain -18 times more ATP are produced in the presence of Oxygen!! How efficient is this? • The 36 ATP molecules the cell makes per 1 glucose represents about 36% of the total energy in glucose • Even though it doesn’t seem like ...
Notes Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration
... glucose is transferred to ATP. The anaerobic pathways probably evolved very early in the history of life on Earth. For more than a billion years, they were the only pathways available for harvesting chemical energy. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl CoA. In eukaryo ...
... glucose is transferred to ATP. The anaerobic pathways probably evolved very early in the history of life on Earth. For more than a billion years, they were the only pathways available for harvesting chemical energy. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl CoA. In eukaryo ...
Notes-Cellular Respiration
... • body stores energy in the form of the glycogen (carbohydrate) • glycogen stores enough to last for 15 to 20 minutes of activity. • After that, the body breaks down other stored molecules, like fats for energy. ...
... • body stores energy in the form of the glycogen (carbohydrate) • glycogen stores enough to last for 15 to 20 minutes of activity. • After that, the body breaks down other stored molecules, like fats for energy. ...
Cellular Respiration
... Glycolysis is the breaking down of glucose from a 6 carbon molecule into two pyruvate molecules (3 carbons each). This produces a net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules. Glycolysis occurs in the Cytoplasm of a cell. ...
... Glycolysis is the breaking down of glucose from a 6 carbon molecule into two pyruvate molecules (3 carbons each). This produces a net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules. Glycolysis occurs in the Cytoplasm of a cell. ...
I. Cellular Energy • ATP: a) When the terminal phosphate is removed
... Oxidative Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. ...
... Oxidative Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. ...
Plants
... 4. reaction center donates e- to electron transport chain (ETC) a. ETC is a series of redox rx b. stairs analogy 5. The ETC contains a proton pump a. pumps H+ into the thylakoid … b. [H+] increases and builds up ...
... 4. reaction center donates e- to electron transport chain (ETC) a. ETC is a series of redox rx b. stairs analogy 5. The ETC contains a proton pump a. pumps H+ into the thylakoid … b. [H+] increases and builds up ...
Plants
... 4. reaction center donates e- to electron transport chain (ETC) a. ETC is a series of redox rx b. stairs analogy 5. The ETC contains a proton pump a. pumps H+ into the thylakoid … b. [H+] increases and builds up ...
... 4. reaction center donates e- to electron transport chain (ETC) a. ETC is a series of redox rx b. stairs analogy 5. The ETC contains a proton pump a. pumps H+ into the thylakoid … b. [H+] increases and builds up ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 3. Write the components that are involved in the synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A. 4. What would be the decarboxylated product of pyruvate in glycolysis? Mention the structure. 5. Define glycosuria. 6. What are ketone bodies? When and how are they formed in the body? 7. Calculate the energitics for pa ...
... 3. Write the components that are involved in the synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A. 4. What would be the decarboxylated product of pyruvate in glycolysis? Mention the structure. 5. Define glycosuria. 6. What are ketone bodies? When and how are they formed in the body? 7. Calculate the energitics for pa ...
Answer Set 2
... 3. a. When [S+] is much greater than the value of KM, pH will have a negligible effect on the enzyme because S+ will interact with E- as soon as the enzyme becomes available. b. When [S+] is much less than the value of KM, the plot of Vo versus pH becomes essentially a titration curve for the ioniza ...
... 3. a. When [S+] is much greater than the value of KM, pH will have a negligible effect on the enzyme because S+ will interact with E- as soon as the enzyme becomes available. b. When [S+] is much less than the value of KM, the plot of Vo versus pH becomes essentially a titration curve for the ioniza ...
Lecture 9: Citric Acid Cycle/Fatty Acid Catabolism
... Mechanism. Hydrogen abstracted from the β carbon. If you take away hydrogen from this carbon, you end up producing trans-Δ2-enoyl-CoA. You will notice that this reaction is pretty similar to what we have just seen in the citric acid cycle. FAD is the electron acceptor. In the citric acid cycle, ther ...
... Mechanism. Hydrogen abstracted from the β carbon. If you take away hydrogen from this carbon, you end up producing trans-Δ2-enoyl-CoA. You will notice that this reaction is pretty similar to what we have just seen in the citric acid cycle. FAD is the electron acceptor. In the citric acid cycle, ther ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION Fates of Pyruvate from glycolysis (2
... Metabolism—the sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism or cell. a) anabolic—synthesis of compounds; an example is photosynthesis b) catabolic—breakdown of compounds; an example is cellular respiration Metabolic pathways—are the steps (enzymes, substrates and products) used or followed to con ...
... Metabolism—the sum of all biochemical reactions in an organism or cell. a) anabolic—synthesis of compounds; an example is photosynthesis b) catabolic—breakdown of compounds; an example is cellular respiration Metabolic pathways—are the steps (enzymes, substrates and products) used or followed to con ...
Sample Question Set 5a
... = 7500 J mol-1 – 4150 J mol-1 = 3.35 kJ mol-1 The reaction is not spontaneous since ΔG >0. c. The reaction can proceed in the cell if the product B is the substrate for a second reaction such that the second reaction continually draws off B, causing the first reaction to continually produce more B f ...
... = 7500 J mol-1 – 4150 J mol-1 = 3.35 kJ mol-1 The reaction is not spontaneous since ΔG >0. c. The reaction can proceed in the cell if the product B is the substrate for a second reaction such that the second reaction continually draws off B, causing the first reaction to continually produce more B f ...
Bacterial Physiology Lec-7 Energy Release and Conservation
... of electron acceptors are used by chemotrophs. Energy yielding metabolism can make use of exogenous or externally derived electron acceptors this metabolic process is called respiration which may be divided into two different types: in aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is oxygen ,wher ...
... of electron acceptors are used by chemotrophs. Energy yielding metabolism can make use of exogenous or externally derived electron acceptors this metabolic process is called respiration which may be divided into two different types: in aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is oxygen ,wher ...
Cellular Respiration Notes
... • Final Products are: – 2 Pyruvic Acid (C3H4O3) • Compare to original glucose - C6H12O6 ...
... • Final Products are: – 2 Pyruvic Acid (C3H4O3) • Compare to original glucose - C6H12O6 ...
RESPIRATION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS
... • No oxygen required • Products: – 2 ATP (net) – 2 NADH – 2 pyruvate (3 carbon) ...
... • No oxygen required • Products: – 2 ATP (net) – 2 NADH – 2 pyruvate (3 carbon) ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.