metabolism
... Cells manage energy in the form of chemical reactions that make or break bonds and transfer electrons. Endergonic reactions – consume energy Exergonic reactions – release energy Energy present in chemical bonds of nutrients are trapped by specialized enzyme systems as the bonds of the nutrients are ...
... Cells manage energy in the form of chemical reactions that make or break bonds and transfer electrons. Endergonic reactions – consume energy Exergonic reactions – release energy Energy present in chemical bonds of nutrients are trapped by specialized enzyme systems as the bonds of the nutrients are ...
Transcription - Winston Knoll Collegiate
... a specific type of amino acid - each tRNA molecule can only carry one type of amino acid The tRNA has a group of 3 nucleotides at the base called the anticodon ...
... a specific type of amino acid - each tRNA molecule can only carry one type of amino acid The tRNA has a group of 3 nucleotides at the base called the anticodon ...
+ 3
... Amino acid: a compound that contains both an amino group and a carboxyl group composed from -carbon to which Hydrogen atom, R-group, -amino group and -carboxyl group are attached. The -amino acid: the amino group is attached to the -carbon although amino acids are commonly written in the unioni ...
... Amino acid: a compound that contains both an amino group and a carboxyl group composed from -carbon to which Hydrogen atom, R-group, -amino group and -carboxyl group are attached. The -amino acid: the amino group is attached to the -carbon although amino acids are commonly written in the unioni ...
The Regulation of Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthesis in Chloroplasts
... as a labelled intermediate [7, 17] has been ques tioned. Evidence has been given, that the main inter mediates of [2-14C]pyruvate incorporation by spinach chloroplasts are precursors of branched-chain amino acid synthesis via hydroxyethyl-TPP [7], The CoASH-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase test, u ...
... as a labelled intermediate [7, 17] has been ques tioned. Evidence has been given, that the main inter mediates of [2-14C]pyruvate incorporation by spinach chloroplasts are precursors of branched-chain amino acid synthesis via hydroxyethyl-TPP [7], The CoASH-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase test, u ...
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
The Regulation of Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthesis in Chloroplasts
... as a labelled intermediate [7, 17] has been ques tioned. Evidence has been given, that the main inter mediates of [2-14C]pyruvate incorporation by spinach chloroplasts are precursors of branched-chain amino acid synthesis via hydroxyethyl-TPP [7], The CoASH-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase test, u ...
... as a labelled intermediate [7, 17] has been ques tioned. Evidence has been given, that the main inter mediates of [2-14C]pyruvate incorporation by spinach chloroplasts are precursors of branched-chain amino acid synthesis via hydroxyethyl-TPP [7], The CoASH-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase test, u ...
book ppt
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
Pathways that Harvest and Store Chemical Energy
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
Enzymes - Kevan Kruger
... Where are enzymes synthesized? What is their molecular structure and chemical make up? Where are enzymes manufactured? What is the function of enzymes in cells? How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction? Give five specific examples of enzymes. Identify four characteristics of enzymes. ...
... Where are enzymes synthesized? What is their molecular structure and chemical make up? Where are enzymes manufactured? What is the function of enzymes in cells? How do enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction? Give five specific examples of enzymes. Identify four characteristics of enzymes. ...
395
... both structurally stable and electrically stable…….in natural state they are electrically stable but they are structurally unstable …..with vacancies in their outer shell when an atom loses or gains an electron, its balance of + and –ve is lost and it is electrically unstable and is called an ion ...
... both structurally stable and electrically stable…….in natural state they are electrically stable but they are structurally unstable …..with vacancies in their outer shell when an atom loses or gains an electron, its balance of + and –ve is lost and it is electrically unstable and is called an ion ...
Chapter 6 Cellular Energy
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
... Catabolism of the beet sugar is a cellular process, so living yeast cells must be present. With air (O2) yeasts used aerobic metabolism to fully oxidize glucose to CO2. Without air, yeasts used alcoholic fermentation, producing ethanol, less CO2, and less energy ...
Study Guide KEY Exam III F 2012
... non-bonding pair on the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) in the backbone. Tertiary (3o) structure refers to the location of each atom of the protein relative to every other atom in three dimensional space. This structure is maintained by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, covalent (disulfide, -S-S-) b ...
... non-bonding pair on the carbonyl oxygen (C=O) in the backbone. Tertiary (3o) structure refers to the location of each atom of the protein relative to every other atom in three dimensional space. This structure is maintained by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, covalent (disulfide, -S-S-) b ...
Section 6 – Catalysis
... Conversion of an inactive enzyme to an active one Example Trypsinogen – Trypsin Trypsinogen is synthesised in the Pancreas Activation occurs when trypsinogen has amino acids removed in the duodenum by another protease enzyme This changes the trypsinogen into the active form trypsin Trypsin then help ...
... Conversion of an inactive enzyme to an active one Example Trypsinogen – Trypsin Trypsinogen is synthesised in the Pancreas Activation occurs when trypsinogen has amino acids removed in the duodenum by another protease enzyme This changes the trypsinogen into the active form trypsin Trypsin then help ...
Protein Synthesis Translation
... tRNA brings in amino acids from cytoplasm a. tip of tRNA binds to a specific amino acid b. anti-codon on tRNA binds to codon on mRNA ...
... tRNA brings in amino acids from cytoplasm a. tip of tRNA binds to a specific amino acid b. anti-codon on tRNA binds to codon on mRNA ...
CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2
... What is the ATP yield from oxidation of palmitate? •8 acetyl CoA enter citric acid cycle and give: •24 NADH = 72 ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) •8 FADH2 = 16 ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) •8 GTP = 8 ATP •7 NADH generated by beta oxidation itself = 21 ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) •7 FA ...
... What is the ATP yield from oxidation of palmitate? •8 acetyl CoA enter citric acid cycle and give: •24 NADH = 72 ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) •8 FADH2 = 16 ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) •8 GTP = 8 ATP •7 NADH generated by beta oxidation itself = 21 ATP (by oxidative phosphorylation) •7 FA ...
L1 Protein composition-amino acids - e
... 20 common amino acids build all proteins in living cells. All of them are α-amino acids. All of them have a carboxyl and an amino group bonded to α-carbon atom. α -amino acids differ from each other by their side chains, or R-groups. R-groups are different in structure, size, and electric ...
... 20 common amino acids build all proteins in living cells. All of them are α-amino acids. All of them have a carboxyl and an amino group bonded to α-carbon atom. α -amino acids differ from each other by their side chains, or R-groups. R-groups are different in structure, size, and electric ...
Chapter 8
... At this point all of the reactions that result in reduction in carbon chain length are complete, 2 CO2 have been eliminated 2 NADH and 1 ATP have been made and we are back with a 4-carbon acid. However the acid is succinate, whereas to start a new cycle we need oxalacetate. This requires the oxidati ...
... At this point all of the reactions that result in reduction in carbon chain length are complete, 2 CO2 have been eliminated 2 NADH and 1 ATP have been made and we are back with a 4-carbon acid. However the acid is succinate, whereas to start a new cycle we need oxalacetate. This requires the oxidati ...
ppt
... • Hexokinase family member with important distinctions – low affinity for glucose – not regulated by end products ...
... • Hexokinase family member with important distinctions – low affinity for glucose – not regulated by end products ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.