A report on TAK-875 analysis using the Heptox Virtual Liver Platform
... Tak-875 is predicted to be a direct inhibitor of fatty acid transport into the cell which may lead to fatty acid build up in plasma and may push liver to use more carbohydrate to provide the required energy. The inhibition of fatty acid beta oxidation is caused by directly by the effect of drug as w ...
... Tak-875 is predicted to be a direct inhibitor of fatty acid transport into the cell which may lead to fatty acid build up in plasma and may push liver to use more carbohydrate to provide the required energy. The inhibition of fatty acid beta oxidation is caused by directly by the effect of drug as w ...
Exam 2
... membrane potential of –120mv (interior negative). This “proton-motive” force can be used to synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate inside the cell. Here is some more information that may be useful as you solve the problems below: temp. = 37°C [ATP] = 5 mM [ADP] = 1 mM [phosphate] = 2 mM for ATP hydro ...
... membrane potential of –120mv (interior negative). This “proton-motive” force can be used to synthesize ATP from ADP and phosphate inside the cell. Here is some more information that may be useful as you solve the problems below: temp. = 37°C [ATP] = 5 mM [ADP] = 1 mM [phosphate] = 2 mM for ATP hydro ...
ppt
... • Hexokinase family member with important distinctions – low affinity for glucose – not regulated by end products ...
... • Hexokinase family member with important distinctions – low affinity for glucose – not regulated by end products ...
word - My eCoach
... The digestion of carbohydrates typically involves hydrolysis reactions in which complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) are broken down to maltose (a disaccharide). Maltose is then further broken down to produce two glucose molecules. ...
... The digestion of carbohydrates typically involves hydrolysis reactions in which complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) are broken down to maltose (a disaccharide). Maltose is then further broken down to produce two glucose molecules. ...
E. coli - Semantic Scholar
... Ross T. FERNLEY, ~ Steven R. LENTZ, and Ralph A. BRADSHAW Department of Biological Chemistry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A. (Received 18 May 1981) ...
... Ross T. FERNLEY, ~ Steven R. LENTZ, and Ralph A. BRADSHAW Department of Biological Chemistry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, U.S.A. (Received 18 May 1981) ...
I can - Net Start Class
... A. Enzymes are composed of amino acid chains. B. Enzymes form a temporary association with a reactant. C. Enzymes are destroyed when they are used. D. Enzymes are specific because of their shape. 2. Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate— A. has a specific activation site ...
... A. Enzymes are composed of amino acid chains. B. Enzymes form a temporary association with a reactant. C. Enzymes are destroyed when they are used. D. Enzymes are specific because of their shape. 2. Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate— A. has a specific activation site ...
Omnipresent and multifunctional – amino acids in
... mainly collagen and today mostly of vegetable or silk proteins. Interesting substances too are their condensates with longer chained fatty acids (proteinhydrolysate condensates). They have excellent skin caring effects. ...
... mainly collagen and today mostly of vegetable or silk proteins. Interesting substances too are their condensates with longer chained fatty acids (proteinhydrolysate condensates). They have excellent skin caring effects. ...
LIPID METABOLISM - Orange Coast College
... Oxidation of odd-chain fatty acid: 3 additional reactions ...
... Oxidation of odd-chain fatty acid: 3 additional reactions ...
Lecture 32: Protein (Part-I)
... for understanding its functions. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, protein is the main molecule to perform many functions; such as enzymes to catalyze to various chemical reactions, adaptor molecule for different ligands, messenger molecule to relay the signal within the cell to produce factors t ...
... for understanding its functions. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, protein is the main molecule to perform many functions; such as enzymes to catalyze to various chemical reactions, adaptor molecule for different ligands, messenger molecule to relay the signal within the cell to produce factors t ...
Ribozyme Catalysis
... hydrogen-bonds with a histidine’s imidazole group, which increases its basicity enough to assist with removal of serine’s hydroxyl proton. • The oxygen can then attack the substrate nucleophilically when the substrate binds to the active site. ...
... hydrogen-bonds with a histidine’s imidazole group, which increases its basicity enough to assist with removal of serine’s hydroxyl proton. • The oxygen can then attack the substrate nucleophilically when the substrate binds to the active site. ...
Section 5: Enzymes, Equilibrium, Energy and the
... downstream reactions from ensuing. In the case of the sulfonamides, the enzyme catalyzes covalent bond formation between the wrong products (DHPP and the antibiotic instead of between DHPP and PABA). The downstream reactions are prevented because the required intermediate product (dihydropteroic aci ...
... downstream reactions from ensuing. In the case of the sulfonamides, the enzyme catalyzes covalent bond formation between the wrong products (DHPP and the antibiotic instead of between DHPP and PABA). The downstream reactions are prevented because the required intermediate product (dihydropteroic aci ...
Y.B. Grechanina
... Another therapeutic tactics, which is successful in treatment of hepatorenal tyrosinemia is inhibition of biochemical reactions, which precede metabolic block; Injection of high amounts of nicotinic acid – tryptophan cofactor (in the case of tryptophan deficiency in Hartnup disease); Prescript ...
... Another therapeutic tactics, which is successful in treatment of hepatorenal tyrosinemia is inhibition of biochemical reactions, which precede metabolic block; Injection of high amounts of nicotinic acid – tryptophan cofactor (in the case of tryptophan deficiency in Hartnup disease); Prescript ...
Table 1 - Cambridge University Press
... Mitochondria are the major intracellular organelles producing ATP molecules via the electron transport chain. Cancer cells have a deviant energy metabolism, and a high rate of glycolysis is related to a high degree of dedifferentiation and proliferation. The overall net ATP production is diminished ...
... Mitochondria are the major intracellular organelles producing ATP molecules via the electron transport chain. Cancer cells have a deviant energy metabolism, and a high rate of glycolysis is related to a high degree of dedifferentiation and proliferation. The overall net ATP production is diminished ...
Coenzyme A and Acyl Carrier Protein
... Coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) itself is a complex and highly polar molecule, consisting of adenosine 3’,5’-diphosphate linked to 4-phosphopantethenic acid (vitamin B5) and thence to β-mercaptoethylamine, which is directly involved in acyl transfer reactions. The adenosine 3’,5’-diphosphate moiety functi ...
... Coenzyme A (CoASH or CoA) itself is a complex and highly polar molecule, consisting of adenosine 3’,5’-diphosphate linked to 4-phosphopantethenic acid (vitamin B5) and thence to β-mercaptoethylamine, which is directly involved in acyl transfer reactions. The adenosine 3’,5’-diphosphate moiety functi ...
Lecture 24
... Each molecule of G1P added to glycogen regenerated needs one molecule of UTP hydrolyzed to UDP and Pi. UTP is replenished by nucleoside diphosphate kinase UDP + ATP ...
... Each molecule of G1P added to glycogen regenerated needs one molecule of UTP hydrolyzed to UDP and Pi. UTP is replenished by nucleoside diphosphate kinase UDP + ATP ...
NH 2
... - is formed when the carboxyl group of one aa molecule reacts with the amine group of the other aa molecule in front of it, thereby releasing a molecule of water (H2O). - this is a dehydration synthesis reaction or condensation reaction, - the resulting CO-NH bond is called a peptide bond, and the r ...
... - is formed when the carboxyl group of one aa molecule reacts with the amine group of the other aa molecule in front of it, thereby releasing a molecule of water (H2O). - this is a dehydration synthesis reaction or condensation reaction, - the resulting CO-NH bond is called a peptide bond, and the r ...
Communication, Homeostasis and Energy
... How bloody glucose concentration is regulated: If blood glucose concentration drops too low: - Detected by alpha cells in the Islets of langerhans in the pancreas which inhibit insulin production - The secrete glucagon into the blood - Glucagon bind to receptors on the cell surface membrane of hepa ...
... How bloody glucose concentration is regulated: If blood glucose concentration drops too low: - Detected by alpha cells in the Islets of langerhans in the pancreas which inhibit insulin production - The secrete glucagon into the blood - Glucagon bind to receptors on the cell surface membrane of hepa ...
LS1a Fall 09
... The alpha ()-carbons of adjacent amino acids are generally positioned trans to each other across the peptide bond that connects them, but they can also be cis to each other, as shown below. Trans peptide bonds are heavily favored over cis peptide bonds for all amino acids except for proline. ...
... The alpha ()-carbons of adjacent amino acids are generally positioned trans to each other across the peptide bond that connects them, but they can also be cis to each other, as shown below. Trans peptide bonds are heavily favored over cis peptide bonds for all amino acids except for proline. ...
Carbohydrates & Begin Lipids
... 2. Too much cholesterol in our diets causes deposits of fatty acids (called plaques) to build up in in our blood vessels. 3. This condition is known as atherosclerosis. 4. When blood vessels become blocked we can suffer from: A. Stroke (blockage in the brain) B. Heart attack (blockage to arteries in ...
... 2. Too much cholesterol in our diets causes deposits of fatty acids (called plaques) to build up in in our blood vessels. 3. This condition is known as atherosclerosis. 4. When blood vessels become blocked we can suffer from: A. Stroke (blockage in the brain) B. Heart attack (blockage to arteries in ...
Chapter 7 How Cells Make ATP: Energy
... • For 1 glucose, two acetyl groups enter the citric acid cycle • Each two-carbon acetyl group combines with a four-carbon compound • Two CO2 molecules are removed • Energy captured as one ATP, three NADH, and one FADH2 per acetyl group (These will act as energy carriers for the electron transport ch ...
... • For 1 glucose, two acetyl groups enter the citric acid cycle • Each two-carbon acetyl group combines with a four-carbon compound • Two CO2 molecules are removed • Energy captured as one ATP, three NADH, and one FADH2 per acetyl group (These will act as energy carriers for the electron transport ch ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.