lymphatic system
... cells, and leukotrienes from basophils & mast cells – occurs within minutes producing heat, redness & edema – pain can result from injury, pressure from edema or irritation by toxic chemicals from organisms – blood-clotting factors leak into tissues trapping microbes ...
... cells, and leukotrienes from basophils & mast cells – occurs within minutes producing heat, redness & edema – pain can result from injury, pressure from edema or irritation by toxic chemicals from organisms – blood-clotting factors leak into tissues trapping microbes ...
Types of immunity :- 1- innate immunity 2
... * Innate immunity :-antigen independent ( No require antigen ) - invariant ( generalized ) - early , limited specifity . - the first line of defense . - not have memory . *Cells of innate immunity :1- Neutrophil 2- eosinophil 3- basophil 4- NK cells ( natural killer ) 5- macrophage 6- mast cells . * ...
... * Innate immunity :-antigen independent ( No require antigen ) - invariant ( generalized ) - early , limited specifity . - the first line of defense . - not have memory . *Cells of innate immunity :1- Neutrophil 2- eosinophil 3- basophil 4- NK cells ( natural killer ) 5- macrophage 6- mast cells . * ...
HST.035 Homework Assignment #2
... 5. Which of the following statements are true about immediate hypersensitivity reaction (circle ALL that apply): A. B. C. D. ...
... 5. Which of the following statements are true about immediate hypersensitivity reaction (circle ALL that apply): A. B. C. D. ...
Diseases of the Immune System lec.3
... Pathogenesis of AIDS HIV disease begins with acute infection, which is only partly controlled by the host immune response, and advances to chronic progressive infection of peripheral lymphoid tissues. The first cell types to be infected may be memory CD4+ T-cells in mucosal lymphoid tissues. Because ...
... Pathogenesis of AIDS HIV disease begins with acute infection, which is only partly controlled by the host immune response, and advances to chronic progressive infection of peripheral lymphoid tissues. The first cell types to be infected may be memory CD4+ T-cells in mucosal lymphoid tissues. Because ...
MICR 201 Microbiology for Health Related Sciences
... Hypersensitivities are immune responses to an innocuous antigen, which is called allergen. Autoimmune diseases are immune responses to self antigens. Transplant rejection: normal but harmful and unwanted immune reactions Immune deficiencies can be acquired or inherited and result in recurrent ...
... Hypersensitivities are immune responses to an innocuous antigen, which is called allergen. Autoimmune diseases are immune responses to self antigens. Transplant rejection: normal but harmful and unwanted immune reactions Immune deficiencies can be acquired or inherited and result in recurrent ...
the body`s defense
... • T lymphocytes - develop in thymus; activate B cells and other WBC; also make memory cells ...
... • T lymphocytes - develop in thymus; activate B cells and other WBC; also make memory cells ...
Chapter 20- Lymphatic system
... multiple layers and forms of defense. In this section we focus on the organs closely associated with cellular response of the immune system. The immune system identifies and attacks specific pathogens. • A. Lymphocytes and other cells of the immune system- Inflammation may be the first response to i ...
... multiple layers and forms of defense. In this section we focus on the organs closely associated with cellular response of the immune system. The immune system identifies and attacks specific pathogens. • A. Lymphocytes and other cells of the immune system- Inflammation may be the first response to i ...
Ch21B
... (Slide #47) _________________________________ requires T cell binding to additional surface receptors on an APC. ____________________________ such as _________________________ 1 and 2 from APCs or T cells trigger _________________________ and _________________________ of the activated T cell. What c ...
... (Slide #47) _________________________________ requires T cell binding to additional surface receptors on an APC. ____________________________ such as _________________________ 1 and 2 from APCs or T cells trigger _________________________ and _________________________ of the activated T cell. What c ...
Conflict: Immunity
... B. Antibodies only work against a particular pathogen, but will not help fight against other, unrelated pathogens. C. An antibody that fights against influenza will not work against the bacteria that cause strep throat. D. All of the above statements are true about antibody specificity. Mission: Lev ...
... B. Antibodies only work against a particular pathogen, but will not help fight against other, unrelated pathogens. C. An antibody that fights against influenza will not work against the bacteria that cause strep throat. D. All of the above statements are true about antibody specificity. Mission: Lev ...
14-1 Checkpoint - Jordan High School
... T cells (most lymphocytes) Cytotoxic T cells directly attack foreign cells or virus-infected cells (provides cellular immunity) Helper T cells stimulate T cells & B cells Suppressor T cells inhibit T cells & B cells ...
... T cells (most lymphocytes) Cytotoxic T cells directly attack foreign cells or virus-infected cells (provides cellular immunity) Helper T cells stimulate T cells & B cells Suppressor T cells inhibit T cells & B cells ...
immune system
... Simultaneous binding to MHC class II and TCR chain irrespective of peptide binding specificity ...
... Simultaneous binding to MHC class II and TCR chain irrespective of peptide binding specificity ...
دانلود
... patterns(PAMP):dsRNA,Nformylmethionine,LPS,teichoic acid ,mannose • Toll Like receptors ...
... patterns(PAMP):dsRNA,Nformylmethionine,LPS,teichoic acid ,mannose • Toll Like receptors ...
Immunogens, Antigens, and Haptens Initiation of immune response
... Almost all cells express MHC I for comprehensive surveillance by CD8 T cells • Only some cells express high levels of MHC II and MHC I • These are B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and thymic epithelial cells. • B cells, macrophages and dendritic cells are called professional antigenpresenting c ...
... Almost all cells express MHC I for comprehensive surveillance by CD8 T cells • Only some cells express high levels of MHC II and MHC I • These are B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and thymic epithelial cells. • B cells, macrophages and dendritic cells are called professional antigenpresenting c ...
Backup of 43
... A. Activation of T cells T cells respond only to antigenic epitopes displayed on the surfaces of the body’s own cells The presence of a T cell surface molecule called CD4 enhances the interactions between the cells and antigen presenting cells (APC) The MHC-antigen complex displayed on the infected ...
... A. Activation of T cells T cells respond only to antigenic epitopes displayed on the surfaces of the body’s own cells The presence of a T cell surface molecule called CD4 enhances the interactions between the cells and antigen presenting cells (APC) The MHC-antigen complex displayed on the infected ...
Document
... ALLOIMMUNITY: Immune system of one individual reacts against antigens of another individual: classically mismatched blood transfusion reactions, and Hemolytic disease of the new born (Rh factor deficiency) ...
... ALLOIMMUNITY: Immune system of one individual reacts against antigens of another individual: classically mismatched blood transfusion reactions, and Hemolytic disease of the new born (Rh factor deficiency) ...
Tissue Histology
... in regulating the immune response. The MHC genes of humans are inherited from among a large pool of genes, so the cells of each person can exhibit variability in the pattern of cell surface molecules. The pattern is identical in different cells of the same person and can be similar in related siblin ...
... in regulating the immune response. The MHC genes of humans are inherited from among a large pool of genes, so the cells of each person can exhibit variability in the pattern of cell surface molecules. The pattern is identical in different cells of the same person and can be similar in related siblin ...
The clonal selection hypothesis is a widely accepted
... In 1954, Danish immunologist Niels Jerne put forward a hypothesis which stated that there is already a vast array of lymphocytes in the body prior to any infection. The entrance of an antigen into the body results in the selection of only one type of lymphocyte to match it and produce a correspondin ...
... In 1954, Danish immunologist Niels Jerne put forward a hypothesis which stated that there is already a vast array of lymphocytes in the body prior to any infection. The entrance of an antigen into the body results in the selection of only one type of lymphocyte to match it and produce a correspondin ...
Hypersensitivity
... memory B-cells (anti-Rh antibodies) The IgM antibody clears the Rh+ cells from the mother In subsequent pregnancies with an Rh+ fetus, the Rh+ RBC cross the placenta activating the memory B-cells These in turn cross the placenta and damage the fetal RBC because they are seen as “foreign” ...
... memory B-cells (anti-Rh antibodies) The IgM antibody clears the Rh+ cells from the mother In subsequent pregnancies with an Rh+ fetus, the Rh+ RBC cross the placenta activating the memory B-cells These in turn cross the placenta and damage the fetal RBC because they are seen as “foreign” ...
Ch 12 - Lymphatic System
... Allergies • Many small molecules (called haptens or incomplete antigens) are not antigenic, but link up with our own proteins • The immune system may recognize and respond to a protein-hapten combination • The immune response is harmful rather than protective because it attacks our own cells • Hapt ...
... Allergies • Many small molecules (called haptens or incomplete antigens) are not antigenic, but link up with our own proteins • The immune system may recognize and respond to a protein-hapten combination • The immune response is harmful rather than protective because it attacks our own cells • Hapt ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.