immune_system_lecture
... B cells have antibodies on their surface as receptors for activation. B cells secrete antibodies that attach to the antigens on the pathogen ...
... B cells have antibodies on their surface as receptors for activation. B cells secrete antibodies that attach to the antigens on the pathogen ...
Lymphatic System PowerPoint
... to direct the immune system response by signaling between its cells. Lymphokines attract other immune cells, like macrophages and other lymphocytes, to an infected site and to help attack the invaders. ...
... to direct the immune system response by signaling between its cells. Lymphokines attract other immune cells, like macrophages and other lymphocytes, to an infected site and to help attack the invaders. ...
Marginal zone B cells
... 1. For cytotoxic CD8 T-cells, ligation of the TCR by MHC I/peptide + co-stimulation results in release of granzymes and perforin and/or FasL, leading to apoptosis of the target cells. 2. Viruses evade host defense, in part, by down-regulating MHC Class I. Uninfected dendritic cells circumvent this b ...
... 1. For cytotoxic CD8 T-cells, ligation of the TCR by MHC I/peptide + co-stimulation results in release of granzymes and perforin and/or FasL, leading to apoptosis of the target cells. 2. Viruses evade host defense, in part, by down-regulating MHC Class I. Uninfected dendritic cells circumvent this b ...
Immune Disorders and Imbalances
... Auto immune diseases • The reason why the immune system looses the ability to recognize it’s self is dependent upon a variety of factors. – Lymphocyte programming is ineffective – New proteins appear that the immune system has not had a chance to become acquainted with. – Self antigens look very si ...
... Auto immune diseases • The reason why the immune system looses the ability to recognize it’s self is dependent upon a variety of factors. – Lymphocyte programming is ineffective – New proteins appear that the immune system has not had a chance to become acquainted with. – Self antigens look very si ...
Chapter 24
... (b) T-cells attack bacterial of viral infected body cells (c)also work against fungal and protozoa infections, and cancer cells (d) promote phagocytes (e)stimulate B-cells to make antibodies (i) T-cells are involved in both humoral and cellmediated immunity iv) antigen-receptors (1) present on both ...
... (b) T-cells attack bacterial of viral infected body cells (c)also work against fungal and protozoa infections, and cancer cells (d) promote phagocytes (e)stimulate B-cells to make antibodies (i) T-cells are involved in both humoral and cellmediated immunity iv) antigen-receptors (1) present on both ...
PowerPoint
... – bind to antibodies which coat infected or malignant cells (antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) – recognizes cells that have lost their class I major histocompatibility antigen due to presence of virus or cancer ...
... – bind to antibodies which coat infected or malignant cells (antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) – recognizes cells that have lost their class I major histocompatibility antigen due to presence of virus or cancer ...
Kuby Immunology 6/e - Dr. Jennifer Capers, PhD
... - Surrounded by capsule and divided into lobules - Outer part of lobule is cortex, inner is medulla - Network of epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages ○ Thymus will induce death of those T cells that ...
... - Surrounded by capsule and divided into lobules - Outer part of lobule is cortex, inner is medulla - Network of epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages ○ Thymus will induce death of those T cells that ...
Document
... • Less time-consuming method, however, also less accurate • 2/ DNA typing – human DNA testing by PCR • low resolution (groups of alleles), high resolution ...
... • Less time-consuming method, however, also less accurate • 2/ DNA typing – human DNA testing by PCR • low resolution (groups of alleles), high resolution ...
Innate immune responses to cationic antimicrobial peptides in the lung
... P. aeruginosa have elevated levels of neutrophils, elastase, α1-antiprotease and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-8 in their lungs1. As well, bronchial epithelial cells from CF patients are not able to secrete IL-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) but do produce the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 ...
... P. aeruginosa have elevated levels of neutrophils, elastase, α1-antiprotease and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-8 in their lungs1. As well, bronchial epithelial cells from CF patients are not able to secrete IL-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) but do produce the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 ...
The watchmen of immunity need signals and sugar
... allowed to differentiate without introducing foreign molecules, and were then observed over five to six days. The wait was necessary to observe immunotolerance or training effects; earlier studies had failed to track their behavior over more than a day or two. During the longer incubation period, ma ...
... allowed to differentiate without introducing foreign molecules, and were then observed over five to six days. The wait was necessary to observe immunotolerance or training effects; earlier studies had failed to track their behavior over more than a day or two. During the longer incubation period, ma ...
CH 40 The Immune System and Disease
... disease came from curses, evils spirits, night vapors, Ideas about germs are called Germ Theory of Disease ...
... disease came from curses, evils spirits, night vapors, Ideas about germs are called Germ Theory of Disease ...
T-cell
... Macrophages are the tissue equivalent of Monocytes and , with Monocytes, and macrophages are derived from closely related stem cells in the bone marrow. Each cell lineage has a different colony-stimulating factor and, once differentiated, there are obvious differences between polymorph nuclear leuko ...
... Macrophages are the tissue equivalent of Monocytes and , with Monocytes, and macrophages are derived from closely related stem cells in the bone marrow. Each cell lineage has a different colony-stimulating factor and, once differentiated, there are obvious differences between polymorph nuclear leuko ...
Hypersensitivities
... destroys AChR, but does not damage muscle type III – IgG against blood born antigen We always have stuff in blood want to clear out and body is able to do this when antigen is in small amounts When have too much antigen & antibody, they form immune complexes that are forming faster than phag ...
... destroys AChR, but does not damage muscle type III – IgG against blood born antigen We always have stuff in blood want to clear out and body is able to do this when antigen is in small amounts When have too much antigen & antibody, they form immune complexes that are forming faster than phag ...
Innate immunity - Fadel Muhammad Garishah, MD
... • C-reactive protein is called an acute-phase reactant because its plasma levels increase during the acute stages of many infections. • Coagulation factors are plasma proteins that mainly function to prevent hemorrhage by forming a thrombus at sites where blood vessel integrity is broken. ...
... • C-reactive protein is called an acute-phase reactant because its plasma levels increase during the acute stages of many infections. • Coagulation factors are plasma proteins that mainly function to prevent hemorrhage by forming a thrombus at sites where blood vessel integrity is broken. ...
le ch. 23 immunity_from_disease
... – It returns tissue fluid to the circulatory system – It fights infections ...
... – It returns tissue fluid to the circulatory system – It fights infections ...
Modulation of Function of Myeloid Cell Precursors by Thapsigargan
... population of immature myeloid cells that have an increased ability to suppress Tcell immune response. This allows for tumors, infection, and inflammation to persist without any immune effector regulation. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on the immu ...
... population of immature myeloid cells that have an increased ability to suppress Tcell immune response. This allows for tumors, infection, and inflammation to persist without any immune effector regulation. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on the immu ...
Chapter 17a
... • Innate (nonspecific) Defenses against any pathogen • Immunity Specific antibody and lymphocyte response to an antigen • Antigen (Ag) A substances that causes the body to produce specific antibodies or sensitized T cells ...
... • Innate (nonspecific) Defenses against any pathogen • Immunity Specific antibody and lymphocyte response to an antigen • Antigen (Ag) A substances that causes the body to produce specific antibodies or sensitized T cells ...
Chapter 35 Immune System and Disease student version
... The main cells of the immune system are the B ______________ (B cells) and T ________________ (T cells). B cells are produced in the ___________ ___________ and mature in the ___________ ______________ while T cells are produced in the _____________ ____________ and mature in the _____________ _____ ...
... The main cells of the immune system are the B ______________ (B cells) and T ________________ (T cells). B cells are produced in the ___________ ___________ and mature in the ___________ ______________ while T cells are produced in the _____________ ____________ and mature in the _____________ _____ ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.