Prediction of Gene Function Using Gene Clusters and Genomic
... (AE003853) of V.cholerae has a longer gene cluster containing all 8 components. 7 out of these 9 genomes have a full set of 8 components, but 1 component (COG1879) was missing in AE004091, 3 (COG1172, COG0524 and COG1609) were missing in AL590842. A short runs of genes, [COG1869-COG1129-COG1172-COG1 ...
... (AE003853) of V.cholerae has a longer gene cluster containing all 8 components. 7 out of these 9 genomes have a full set of 8 components, but 1 component (COG1879) was missing in AE004091, 3 (COG1172, COG0524 and COG1609) were missing in AL590842. A short runs of genes, [COG1869-COG1129-COG1172-COG1 ...
Molecular properties of cardiac tail
... suggest that other as yet unidentified molecular entities are also necessary for the proper arrangement of the E-C coupling mechanism. In previous studies, we defined the primary structure of a family of coiled-coil, tail-anchored sarcolemmal membrane-associated proteins termed the SLMAPs that were ...
... suggest that other as yet unidentified molecular entities are also necessary for the proper arrangement of the E-C coupling mechanism. In previous studies, we defined the primary structure of a family of coiled-coil, tail-anchored sarcolemmal membrane-associated proteins termed the SLMAPs that were ...
Evolution of Disintegrin Cysteine-Rich and
... of Fertilin and RGD and non-RGD venom disintegrins may have occurred. Gene duplications may also have taken place between EAPs and Fertilin and between short-chained hemorrhagins and RGD-disintegrins. The generation of the different venom MDC proteins has been correlated with post-translational prot ...
... of Fertilin and RGD and non-RGD venom disintegrins may have occurred. Gene duplications may also have taken place between EAPs and Fertilin and between short-chained hemorrhagins and RGD-disintegrins. The generation of the different venom MDC proteins has been correlated with post-translational prot ...
The Making of the Fittest: Evolving Switches, Evolving Bodies
... Key Points to Emphasize: • Students may wonder why Pitx1 is expressed in such diverse tissues. This is because the Pitx1 gene contains multiple regulatory switches that allow for transcription of that gene in multiple tissues. The expression of Pitx1 is important in various tissues because the Pitx1 ...
... Key Points to Emphasize: • Students may wonder why Pitx1 is expressed in such diverse tissues. This is because the Pitx1 gene contains multiple regulatory switches that allow for transcription of that gene in multiple tissues. The expression of Pitx1 is important in various tissues because the Pitx1 ...
Protein Import, Replication, and Inheritance of a Vestigial
... derstanding of mitochondrial evolution and of the minimal set of proteins required for the biogenesis and inheritance of an endosymbiosis-derived organelle (7–9). Giardia lamblia is a unicellular protozoan parasite of the small intestine in vertebrates and a leading cause of diarrheal disease worldw ...
... derstanding of mitochondrial evolution and of the minimal set of proteins required for the biogenesis and inheritance of an endosymbiosis-derived organelle (7–9). Giardia lamblia is a unicellular protozoan parasite of the small intestine in vertebrates and a leading cause of diarrheal disease worldw ...
The Ubiquitin System for Protein Degradation and Some of Its Roles
... nucleotide metabolism from erythrocytes. Hemoglobin constitutes about 80–90 % of the total protein of erythrocytes and reticulocytes, and therefore the first task in the purification of any enzyme from these cells is to get rid of the great mass of hemoglobin. This is most conveniently done by using ...
... nucleotide metabolism from erythrocytes. Hemoglobin constitutes about 80–90 % of the total protein of erythrocytes and reticulocytes, and therefore the first task in the purification of any enzyme from these cells is to get rid of the great mass of hemoglobin. This is most conveniently done by using ...
The nucleolus and herpesviral usurpation
... complex and into, or out of, the nuclear compartment. Some RNA binding-domain-containing proteins can be found in nucleoli where the rRNA is present. Many proteins, including host proteins and viral proteins, diffuse through the nuclear pore into the nucleoplasm and localize in the nucleolus, associ ...
... complex and into, or out of, the nuclear compartment. Some RNA binding-domain-containing proteins can be found in nucleoli where the rRNA is present. Many proteins, including host proteins and viral proteins, diffuse through the nuclear pore into the nucleoplasm and localize in the nucleolus, associ ...
Biochemistry - Elon University
... women.11 Similarly, it has been shown that patients with diabetes (both type I and type II) are two to ...
... women.11 Similarly, it has been shown that patients with diabetes (both type I and type II) are two to ...
Elisa kits Manual - Alpha Diagnostic International Inc.
... thus providing increased immunity to a particular disease. Adjuvants accomplish this task by mimicking specific sets of evolutionarily conserved molecules, so called PAMPs, which include liposomes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), molecular cages for antigen, components of bacterial cell walls (e.g., flage ...
... thus providing increased immunity to a particular disease. Adjuvants accomplish this task by mimicking specific sets of evolutionarily conserved molecules, so called PAMPs, which include liposomes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), molecular cages for antigen, components of bacterial cell walls (e.g., flage ...
Determinants of pathogenic@ and avirulence in plant pathogenic
... pathogenesis [47*]. The primary sequences of the t! syringae Avr proteins reveal little about their potential function, but interestingly, when heterologously expressed in plants, three of them have produced necrosis in test plants lacking the cognate R gene [26,48*,49]. A key question is whether th ...
... pathogenesis [47*]. The primary sequences of the t! syringae Avr proteins reveal little about their potential function, but interestingly, when heterologously expressed in plants, three of them have produced necrosis in test plants lacking the cognate R gene [26,48*,49]. A key question is whether th ...
The Centromeric/Nucleolar Chromatin Protein ZFP
... three to five units. These proteins bind to similar DNA sequences and play an important role either as housekeeping proteins or as regulatory factors during development. Examples of this class of zinc finger genes are Gli-1, Krox-20, WT1, Egr-1, and Sp1. The second class consists of C2H2 zinc finger ...
... three to five units. These proteins bind to similar DNA sequences and play an important role either as housekeeping proteins or as regulatory factors during development. Examples of this class of zinc finger genes are Gli-1, Krox-20, WT1, Egr-1, and Sp1. The second class consists of C2H2 zinc finger ...
Experimental evolution of protein–protein interaction networks
... this, biological networks must exhibit and maintain a certain minimum level of robustness, modularity and plasticity [9–14]. In order to understand the evolution of complex biological networks, therefore not only must we understand how parts of a network coadapt with the overall network as a whole, ...
... this, biological networks must exhibit and maintain a certain minimum level of robustness, modularity and plasticity [9–14]. In order to understand the evolution of complex biological networks, therefore not only must we understand how parts of a network coadapt with the overall network as a whole, ...
answers
... d, 8 points) You isolate a new mutant allele of Ubx in Drosophila. It creates a dominant phenotype in which the wings of the adult fly are transformed into halteres (there are no embryonic defects). You find that this mutation does not alter Ubx expression (at either the mRNA or protein level) durin ...
... d, 8 points) You isolate a new mutant allele of Ubx in Drosophila. It creates a dominant phenotype in which the wings of the adult fly are transformed into halteres (there are no embryonic defects). You find that this mutation does not alter Ubx expression (at either the mRNA or protein level) durin ...
Sometimes the Result Is Not the Answer: The Truths and the Lies
... have noted previously, different mutations in the same gene can produce rather different phenotypes. Sometimes a mutation that alters, but does not destroy, function will have a weaker effect on the organism’s phenotype than does a null or ‘‘knockout’’ mutation (for example, one might have alleles o ...
... have noted previously, different mutations in the same gene can produce rather different phenotypes. Sometimes a mutation that alters, but does not destroy, function will have a weaker effect on the organism’s phenotype than does a null or ‘‘knockout’’ mutation (for example, one might have alleles o ...
ab initio and Evidence-Based Gene Finding
... Eukaryotic gene predictions have high error rates Gene finders generally do a poor job (<50%) predicting genes in eukaryotes More variations in the gene models Alternative splicing (multiple isoforms) Non-canonical splice sites Non-canonical start codon (e.g., Fmr1) Stop codon read through (e.g., g ...
... Eukaryotic gene predictions have high error rates Gene finders generally do a poor job (<50%) predicting genes in eukaryotes More variations in the gene models Alternative splicing (multiple isoforms) Non-canonical splice sites Non-canonical start codon (e.g., Fmr1) Stop codon read through (e.g., g ...
Nerve activates contraction
... forming glycolipids, or, more commonly, to proteins, forming glycoproteins. • The oligosaccharides on the external side of the plasma membrane vary from species to species, individual to individual, and even from cell type to cell type within the same individual. • This variation marks each cell typ ...
... forming glycolipids, or, more commonly, to proteins, forming glycoproteins. • The oligosaccharides on the external side of the plasma membrane vary from species to species, individual to individual, and even from cell type to cell type within the same individual. • This variation marks each cell typ ...
Cover Letter
... /note=According to PhageDB, this gene product is similar to Type I Restriction Enzyme, however, this is not listed in Function Assignment Table. CDS complement (37844 - 37984) /note=Glimmer and GeneMark disagree, I agree with glimmer because of gap space and final score CDS complement (37989 - 39707 ...
... /note=According to PhageDB, this gene product is similar to Type I Restriction Enzyme, however, this is not listed in Function Assignment Table. CDS complement (37844 - 37984) /note=Glimmer and GeneMark disagree, I agree with glimmer because of gap space and final score CDS complement (37989 - 39707 ...
Expressed sequence tag (EST) - Washington State University
... When there are two taxonomic group matches listed, the gi number refers to the other match of interest. c GI refers to the gene index which can be used to search through GenBank. d Indicates that a number of different recognised genes are grouped together. ...
... When there are two taxonomic group matches listed, the gi number refers to the other match of interest. c GI refers to the gene index which can be used to search through GenBank. d Indicates that a number of different recognised genes are grouped together. ...
Analysis of the stimulation of reporter gene expression by the ¢r3
... is the process by which the virus achieves productive replication within the target cell. A major component of intracellular pathogenesis is the steps taken by the virus to redirect the metabolism of the cell to favour its growth and this often involves changes at both the transcriptional and transl ...
... is the process by which the virus achieves productive replication within the target cell. A major component of intracellular pathogenesis is the steps taken by the virus to redirect the metabolism of the cell to favour its growth and this often involves changes at both the transcriptional and transl ...
Mitochondrial protein import: from transport pathways to an
... channel. The TOM complex is regulated by cytosolic kinases. The preproteins are transferred to the TIM23 complex with the help of the intermembrane space (IMS)-exposed proteins Tim50 and Tim21. The membrane potential (Dc) activates the Tim23 channel and drives translocation of the presequences acros ...
... channel. The TOM complex is regulated by cytosolic kinases. The preproteins are transferred to the TIM23 complex with the help of the intermembrane space (IMS)-exposed proteins Tim50 and Tim21. The membrane potential (Dc) activates the Tim23 channel and drives translocation of the presequences acros ...
July 2012 Volume 22 In This Issue Dazzling Diamond of Hope
... upcoming e-newsletters and visit our website, www.DBAFoundation.org, as we recap the information discussed at Camp. In addition to the medical and research aspects, we are extremely grateful for the care and guidance provided to our families through Camp Sunshine's psychosocial program. The program' ...
... upcoming e-newsletters and visit our website, www.DBAFoundation.org, as we recap the information discussed at Camp. In addition to the medical and research aspects, we are extremely grateful for the care and guidance provided to our families through Camp Sunshine's psychosocial program. The program' ...
Gene Section FANCE (Fanconi anemia, complementation group E)
... cytoplasm, through a N-term FANCA (involving the nuclear localization signal) - FANCG interaction; FANCC join the complex; phosphorylation of FANCA would induce its translocation into the nucleus.This FA complex translocates into the nucleus, where FANCE and FANCF are present; FANCE and FANCF join t ...
... cytoplasm, through a N-term FANCA (involving the nuclear localization signal) - FANCG interaction; FANCC join the complex; phosphorylation of FANCA would induce its translocation into the nucleus.This FA complex translocates into the nucleus, where FANCE and FANCF are present; FANCE and FANCF join t ...
Modifications of the E.coli Lac repressor for expression in eukaryotic
... localization of the Lacl repressor from the E. coli lactose operon have been examined. The aim was to obtain a nuclear signal sequence/Zac/ gene fusion which efficiently expressed a repressor having high affinity for operator DNA, but which could be induced with relatively low levels of IPTG, and wh ...
... localization of the Lacl repressor from the E. coli lactose operon have been examined. The aim was to obtain a nuclear signal sequence/Zac/ gene fusion which efficiently expressed a repressor having high affinity for operator DNA, but which could be induced with relatively low levels of IPTG, and wh ...
Arabidopsis Formin AtFH6 Is a Plasma Membrane
... WW domains (Chan et al., 1996; Chang et al., 1997; Watanabe et al., 1997). The FH2 domain of BNI1p was recently shown to nucleate actin filaments and to associate with the barbed end of growing actin filaments (Pruyne et al., 2002; Sagot et al., 2002b). Although FH proteins are required for organiza ...
... WW domains (Chan et al., 1996; Chang et al., 1997; Watanabe et al., 1997). The FH2 domain of BNI1p was recently shown to nucleate actin filaments and to associate with the barbed end of growing actin filaments (Pruyne et al., 2002; Sagot et al., 2002b). Although FH proteins are required for organiza ...
Characterisation of novel defective thiopurine S
... variants are continuously being identified in intermediate or deficient methylators and, to date, a total of 29 different alleles of TPMT have been characterised. It is important to note that for a few rare allelic variants, their implication in TPMT deficiency has not yet been proven and further fu ...
... variants are continuously being identified in intermediate or deficient methylators and, to date, a total of 29 different alleles of TPMT have been characterised. It is important to note that for a few rare allelic variants, their implication in TPMT deficiency has not yet been proven and further fu ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.