ESEfinder: a Web resource to identify exonic splicing enhancers
... The ESEfinder matrices have been used to show that disruption of ESEs recognized by various SR proteins cause exon skipping in several genes (11-18). In some contexts, ESEfinder appears to be remarkably accurate. For example, using a BRCA1-derived three-exon minigene system, which is very responsive ...
... The ESEfinder matrices have been used to show that disruption of ESEs recognized by various SR proteins cause exon skipping in several genes (11-18). In some contexts, ESEfinder appears to be remarkably accurate. For example, using a BRCA1-derived three-exon minigene system, which is very responsive ...
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
... Purification of the 40Kprotein and comparison ofits cyanogen bromide fragments with those of other porins. The 40K protein of strain CE 1170 was purified by using the property that it is peptidoglycan-associated (Verhoef et al., 1979). Since the resulting preparation consisted for over ninety percen ...
... Purification of the 40Kprotein and comparison ofits cyanogen bromide fragments with those of other porins. The 40K protein of strain CE 1170 was purified by using the property that it is peptidoglycan-associated (Verhoef et al., 1979). Since the resulting preparation consisted for over ninety percen ...
Methods Of Treatment - Welcome to Cherokee High School
... way to induce the muscles to form Dystrophin. Any treatment, which may be found to be effective in Duchenne MD, would theoretically be effective also in the Becker type. ...
... way to induce the muscles to form Dystrophin. Any treatment, which may be found to be effective in Duchenne MD, would theoretically be effective also in the Becker type. ...
Gene Expression of Heart and Adipocyte Fatty Acid
... Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225003, China ABSTRACT : This study was to detect the expression of heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) gene mRNA in different tissues of Rugao and Luyuan chickens at 56 d an ...
... Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225003, China ABSTRACT : This study was to detect the expression of heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) gene mRNA in different tissues of Rugao and Luyuan chickens at 56 d an ...
Journal of Medical Microbiology
... or reactive oxygen species produced by immune cells during bacterial infections [17]. Recently it was found that H. pylori binds with high af®nity to the glycosaminoglycans such as heparin and heparan sulphate, and to heparin-dependent growth factors [18, 19]. Proteoglycans are important in the norm ...
... or reactive oxygen species produced by immune cells during bacterial infections [17]. Recently it was found that H. pylori binds with high af®nity to the glycosaminoglycans such as heparin and heparan sulphate, and to heparin-dependent growth factors [18, 19]. Proteoglycans are important in the norm ...
Protein Synthesis and the Stress Response
... the fitness of E. coli in such oxidative conditions. It has also been shown that deletion of several tRNA modification enzymes affect survival of E. coli in a milder oxidative stress condition (0.5 mM H2O2) [56]. Despite these reports, it is not clear how tRNA modifications improve survival to oxida ...
... the fitness of E. coli in such oxidative conditions. It has also been shown that deletion of several tRNA modification enzymes affect survival of E. coli in a milder oxidative stress condition (0.5 mM H2O2) [56]. Despite these reports, it is not clear how tRNA modifications improve survival to oxida ...
Functional Conservation of Calreticulin in Euglena gracilis
... Amplification of calreticulin probe: PCR of degenerate nucleotides Probe: Detailed piece of DNA, chemically labeled and used to locate sequences. Redundancy in genetic code, multiple codons. Contain different triplets, yet code same amino acid ...
... Amplification of calreticulin probe: PCR of degenerate nucleotides Probe: Detailed piece of DNA, chemically labeled and used to locate sequences. Redundancy in genetic code, multiple codons. Contain different triplets, yet code same amino acid ...
Pre-mRNA splicing: life at the centre of the central dogma
... enhances the translation of cytoplasmic mRNAs (Lu and Cullen, 2003; Nott et al., 2003). This stimulatory effect of introns on translation may, in part, be attributable to the EJC (Wiegand et al., 2003; Nott et al., 2004). Interestingly, a subset of SR proteins that shuttle continuously from the nucl ...
... enhances the translation of cytoplasmic mRNAs (Lu and Cullen, 2003; Nott et al., 2003). This stimulatory effect of introns on translation may, in part, be attributable to the EJC (Wiegand et al., 2003; Nott et al., 2004). Interestingly, a subset of SR proteins that shuttle continuously from the nucl ...
Extremophiles - University of Arizona
... later make possible the widespread use of a revolutionary technology—the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). About this same time, the team found the first hyperthermophile in an extremely hot and acidic spring. This organism, the archaeCopyright 1997 Scientific American, Inc. ...
... later make possible the widespread use of a revolutionary technology—the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). About this same time, the team found the first hyperthermophile in an extremely hot and acidic spring. This organism, the archaeCopyright 1997 Scientific American, Inc. ...
Characterizing the O-glycosylation landscape of human plasma
... Within the hemostatic system, the presence of glycans on individual proteins has been demonstrated to alter expression, clearance, and catalytic activity.15 O-glycans on von Willebrand factor (VWF) have been associated with changes in VWF plasma concentration,16 platelet binding,17 and response to s ...
... Within the hemostatic system, the presence of glycans on individual proteins has been demonstrated to alter expression, clearance, and catalytic activity.15 O-glycans on von Willebrand factor (VWF) have been associated with changes in VWF plasma concentration,16 platelet binding,17 and response to s ...
Capturing protein interactions in the secretory pathway of living cells
... as well as to the N terminus of catZ (Fig. 1B). C-terminal tagging of catZ was not possible, because it interferes with ERGIC-53 binding (C. Appenzeller and H.-P.H., unpublished data). Fluorometric analysis detected YFP fragment complementation if YFP1-p53 was coexpressed with MCFD2-YFP2 or YFP2-cat ...
... as well as to the N terminus of catZ (Fig. 1B). C-terminal tagging of catZ was not possible, because it interferes with ERGIC-53 binding (C. Appenzeller and H.-P.H., unpublished data). Fluorometric analysis detected YFP fragment complementation if YFP1-p53 was coexpressed with MCFD2-YFP2 or YFP2-cat ...
AnnotatorsInterface-GUS
... Provide alignment of features on genomic sequence – could potentially display any feature type currently stored in GUS3.0 – features can be selected and used to generate “curated” features – similar to display and functionality in Apollo ...
... Provide alignment of features on genomic sequence – could potentially display any feature type currently stored in GUS3.0 – features can be selected and used to generate “curated” features – similar to display and functionality in Apollo ...
PPT - Blumberg Lab
... – some of these are appropriate and expected • gene activity is required early – others result from failure to form and/or maintain the placenta • ~30% of all knockouts • Clearly a big obstacle for gene analysis • How can this be overcome? – Generate conditional knockouts either in particular tissue ...
... – some of these are appropriate and expected • gene activity is required early – others result from failure to form and/or maintain the placenta • ~30% of all knockouts • Clearly a big obstacle for gene analysis • How can this be overcome? – Generate conditional knockouts either in particular tissue ...
Practical Proteins and Amino Acids` Identification
... Biuret’s test Principle: Biuret test is Specific for Proteins – To differentiate between Proteins (+ve) and Amino Acids (-ve). The biuret reagent (copper sulfate in a strong base) reacts with peptide bonds in proteins to form a violet complex known as the “Biuret complex”. Two peptide bonds are at ...
... Biuret’s test Principle: Biuret test is Specific for Proteins – To differentiate between Proteins (+ve) and Amino Acids (-ve). The biuret reagent (copper sulfate in a strong base) reacts with peptide bonds in proteins to form a violet complex known as the “Biuret complex”. Two peptide bonds are at ...
DNA repair, transposable elements
... Regulating gene expression in prokaryotes In E. coli, some proteins are found at 5-10 copies/cell; others are found at 100,00 copies. How does a cell regulate the levels or amounts of different proteins at different times - in response to the environment? ...
... Regulating gene expression in prokaryotes In E. coli, some proteins are found at 5-10 copies/cell; others are found at 100,00 copies. How does a cell regulate the levels or amounts of different proteins at different times - in response to the environment? ...
The IML3/ MCM19 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required
... resulting in faster growth (Roy et al. 1997). Out of 9000 transformants, three were found to carry yeast DNA clones on the LEU2 (library) vector which stabilized YCp1¢. Recovery of the LEU2 plasmids in E. coli and restriction digestion of the clones showed that all of these carried overlapping inser ...
... resulting in faster growth (Roy et al. 1997). Out of 9000 transformants, three were found to carry yeast DNA clones on the LEU2 (library) vector which stabilized YCp1¢. Recovery of the LEU2 plasmids in E. coli and restriction digestion of the clones showed that all of these carried overlapping inser ...
Plant–pathogen interactions: what is proteomics telling us?
... overcome plant defences and to establish successful colonization of the host plant. Five secretion systems (types I–V) have been reported in bacteria, which are distinguished by their constituent proteins [14]. The main secretion system used by pathogenic bacteria during infection is the type III se ...
... overcome plant defences and to establish successful colonization of the host plant. Five secretion systems (types I–V) have been reported in bacteria, which are distinguished by their constituent proteins [14]. The main secretion system used by pathogenic bacteria during infection is the type III se ...
E. coli
... equilibrium dialysis techniques and was found to be 1. 6 X 1as M -1 ' the other two equilibria have to be estimated from crosslinking and fluorescence dilution experiments. ·KHL is probably about 106 M-1, and KLL is probably of the same order of magnitude ...
... equilibrium dialysis techniques and was found to be 1. 6 X 1as M -1 ' the other two equilibria have to be estimated from crosslinking and fluorescence dilution experiments. ·KHL is probably about 106 M-1, and KLL is probably of the same order of magnitude ...
Immunolocalization of maize transglutaminase and its substrates in
... The increase of TGase with chloroplast differentiation and its specific detection in the thylakoid appressed grana indicated that this enzyme might be related to the LHCII proteins of the antenna complex, which are localized in the same grana structures [12]. The 58 kDa band present in the lightexpo ...
... The increase of TGase with chloroplast differentiation and its specific detection in the thylakoid appressed grana indicated that this enzyme might be related to the LHCII proteins of the antenna complex, which are localized in the same grana structures [12]. The 58 kDa band present in the lightexpo ...
Fig. 2
... Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an essential process which takes place in a cell. The apoptotic process is activated when the cell is under stress, infected, or when the genome is beyond repair. This process is a way for the cell to dispose of itself in an organized fashion when under these ...
... Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an essential process which takes place in a cell. The apoptotic process is activated when the cell is under stress, infected, or when the genome is beyond repair. This process is a way for the cell to dispose of itself in an organized fashion when under these ...
Modulation of Gene Expression by Scaffold/Matrix Attached Regions
... prerequisite for gene expression as it permits the action of transcription factors that are specific for the respective gene domain. There are models which implicate S/MARs in establishing transcriptional competence and others considering their immediate influence on the transcriptional level. We wi ...
... prerequisite for gene expression as it permits the action of transcription factors that are specific for the respective gene domain. There are models which implicate S/MARs in establishing transcriptional competence and others considering their immediate influence on the transcriptional level. We wi ...
Rapid purification of heart muscle enzymes using dye affinity
... while aqueous two-phase systems present a sterically unhindered ligand molecule to the protein's binding site. Although the aqueous two-phase systems, in the present work, were performed using small volumes systems, the results can be extrapolated to large volume preparations. The scaling up would i ...
... while aqueous two-phase systems present a sterically unhindered ligand molecule to the protein's binding site. Although the aqueous two-phase systems, in the present work, were performed using small volumes systems, the results can be extrapolated to large volume preparations. The scaling up would i ...
Tumor suppressor genes as negative growth regulators in
... Non.nuclear tumor suppressor genes Another class of tumor suppressor genes encodes proteins whose locus of action resides outside the nucleus, The way these proteins function is not nearly as clear as that described for their nuclear counterparts. Non-nuclear tumor suppressor proteins probably exert ...
... Non.nuclear tumor suppressor genes Another class of tumor suppressor genes encodes proteins whose locus of action resides outside the nucleus, The way these proteins function is not nearly as clear as that described for their nuclear counterparts. Non-nuclear tumor suppressor proteins probably exert ...
Lesson 2 - Laboratory of Molecular Modelling
... (pairwise) or more (multiple) sequences. Searching for a series of identical or similar characters in the sequences. ...
... (pairwise) or more (multiple) sequences. Searching for a series of identical or similar characters in the sequences. ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.