FOSS Living Systems Module Glossary 3 Edition © 2012 adaptation
... parallel describing a leaf in which the veins are straight lines all running in the same direction (SRB, IG) phloem the long cells through which nutrients, such as sugars, are distributed in a plant (SRB, IG) photosynthesis a process used by plants and algae to make sugar (food) out of light, carbon ...
... parallel describing a leaf in which the veins are straight lines all running in the same direction (SRB, IG) phloem the long cells through which nutrients, such as sugars, are distributed in a plant (SRB, IG) photosynthesis a process used by plants and algae to make sugar (food) out of light, carbon ...
PDF-1 - RUcore
... cyanobacteria, macroalgae) is transformed by the photosynthetic apparatus into reduced organic matter. These photosynthetic organisms synthesize complex organic substances from simple inorganic molecules –providing the energetic foundation for most marine food webs. While a portion of the “producers ...
... cyanobacteria, macroalgae) is transformed by the photosynthetic apparatus into reduced organic matter. These photosynthetic organisms synthesize complex organic substances from simple inorganic molecules –providing the energetic foundation for most marine food webs. While a portion of the “producers ...
respiration
... 22.1 Basic concepts of respiration 22.2 Site of respiration 22.3 Aerobic respiration 22.4 Anaerobic respiration 22.5 Relationship between respiration and photosynthesis ...
... 22.1 Basic concepts of respiration 22.2 Site of respiration 22.3 Aerobic respiration 22.4 Anaerobic respiration 22.5 Relationship between respiration and photosynthesis ...
Novel Chemolithotrophic And Anoxygenic Phototrophic
... microbial processes is poorly described and understood. Indeed, few studies have looked at parameters such as diversity, growth rate or metabolic capabilities of microbes under ice [5]. Work ...
... microbial processes is poorly described and understood. Indeed, few studies have looked at parameters such as diversity, growth rate or metabolic capabilities of microbes under ice [5]. Work ...
PDF
... In some varieties branch runners are commonly produced; in others rarely. In a count made July 14, 1925, three varieties had prodnced branch runners, as shown in Table 1. Of these three varil'ties, Missionary apparently produces branch runners most frequently. Branch runners are often very much smal ...
... In some varieties branch runners are commonly produced; in others rarely. In a count made July 14, 1925, three varieties had prodnced branch runners, as shown in Table 1. Of these three varil'ties, Missionary apparently produces branch runners most frequently. Branch runners are often very much smal ...
as a PDF
... fall far short of those observed. Moreover, if any incorporation of activity into carbon dioxide occurred by mechanisms other than recycling, even less recycling could have taken place. It therefore appears impossible that the radioactivity of carboxyls 2 and 3 is due solely to recycling. A similar ...
... fall far short of those observed. Moreover, if any incorporation of activity into carbon dioxide occurred by mechanisms other than recycling, even less recycling could have taken place. It therefore appears impossible that the radioactivity of carboxyls 2 and 3 is due solely to recycling. A similar ...
SYLLABUS 0610
... The wording of some learning outcomes has been changed for clarification. Some material has been reordered, removed, moved between sections, or reclassified as either Core or Supplement material. New topics 4 Biological molecules* 10 Diseases and immunity 14.2 Sense organs* 17.2 Chromosomes, genes a ...
... The wording of some learning outcomes has been changed for clarification. Some material has been reordered, removed, moved between sections, or reclassified as either Core or Supplement material. New topics 4 Biological molecules* 10 Diseases and immunity 14.2 Sense organs* 17.2 Chromosomes, genes a ...
IGCSE Biology - Cambridge International Examinations
... The wording of some learning outcomes has been changed for clarification. Some material has been reordered, removed, moved between sections, or reclassified as either Core or Supplement material. New topics 4 Biological molecules* 10 Diseases and immunity 14.2 Sense organs* 17.2 Chromosomes, genes a ...
... The wording of some learning outcomes has been changed for clarification. Some material has been reordered, removed, moved between sections, or reclassified as either Core or Supplement material. New topics 4 Biological molecules* 10 Diseases and immunity 14.2 Sense organs* 17.2 Chromosomes, genes a ...
Gluconeogenesis
... starvation is mainly amino acid catabolism. Some amino acids are catabolized to pyruvate, oxaloacetate, or precursors of these. Muscle proteins may break down to supply amino acids. These are transported to liver where they are deaminated and converted to gluconeogenesis inputs. Glycerol, derived fr ...
... starvation is mainly amino acid catabolism. Some amino acids are catabolized to pyruvate, oxaloacetate, or precursors of these. Muscle proteins may break down to supply amino acids. These are transported to liver where they are deaminated and converted to gluconeogenesis inputs. Glycerol, derived fr ...
Slide 1
... This multi-floor hotel of the chloroplast loves to attract light photons as tourists. ...
... This multi-floor hotel of the chloroplast loves to attract light photons as tourists. ...
Grade11-Objective3
... acquiring the traits of the host cell causing the host cell to produce viruses introducing random deadly mutations into the host cell turning the host cell into a virus ...
... acquiring the traits of the host cell causing the host cell to produce viruses introducing random deadly mutations into the host cell turning the host cell into a virus ...
13 Aldehydes and Ketones
... RNA, adenine and guanine, were synthesized in the laboratory from simple molecules and energy sources thought to be present on early earth. In 1995 researchers discovered that, by adding the carbonyl-group-containing molecule urea to their mixture, they could make large amounts of two other componen ...
... RNA, adenine and guanine, were synthesized in the laboratory from simple molecules and energy sources thought to be present on early earth. In 1995 researchers discovered that, by adding the carbonyl-group-containing molecule urea to their mixture, they could make large amounts of two other componen ...
Pyruvate Kinase
... glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATP In aerobic organisms: pyruvate produced in Glycolysis is oxidized to CO2 via Krebs Cycle (can also be stored as fatty acids) NADH produced in Glycolysis & Krebs Cycle is reoxidized via the respiratory chain, with production of much ad ...
... glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi 2 pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATP In aerobic organisms: pyruvate produced in Glycolysis is oxidized to CO2 via Krebs Cycle (can also be stored as fatty acids) NADH produced in Glycolysis & Krebs Cycle is reoxidized via the respiratory chain, with production of much ad ...
III BSC BT - 609 W1
... 102. The impact of senescence on photosynthesis is ____________. A. increase in photosynthesis. B. decrease in photosynthesis. C. constant photosynthesis. D. no photosynthesis. ANSWER: B 103. Which hormone is a promoter of senescence? A. Abscissic acid. B. Ethylene. C. Cytokinin. D. Auxin. ANSWER: B ...
... 102. The impact of senescence on photosynthesis is ____________. A. increase in photosynthesis. B. decrease in photosynthesis. C. constant photosynthesis. D. no photosynthesis. ANSWER: B 103. Which hormone is a promoter of senescence? A. Abscissic acid. B. Ethylene. C. Cytokinin. D. Auxin. ANSWER: B ...
Glycation by Ascorbic Acid Causes Loss of Activity of Ribulose
... physiological conditions, the half time of loss of Rubisco activity was about 7–8 d. The oxidative form of AsA, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) is a more effective inactivator, i.e. physiological concentration of DHA (1 mM) inactivated 80% of activity only 1 d after incubation and it reacted with anti-AG ...
... physiological conditions, the half time of loss of Rubisco activity was about 7–8 d. The oxidative form of AsA, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) is a more effective inactivator, i.e. physiological concentration of DHA (1 mM) inactivated 80% of activity only 1 d after incubation and it reacted with anti-AG ...
Wheat Grass Juice- Triticum aestivum Linn` a Therapeutic Tool in
... It is reported that “fifteen pounds of wheat grass is equal in overall nutritional value to 350 pounds of ordinary garden vegetables”8 as it contains various essential and nonessential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, chlorophyll and enzymes. Cultivation of wheat grass juice: Wheatgrass can be grown ...
... It is reported that “fifteen pounds of wheat grass is equal in overall nutritional value to 350 pounds of ordinary garden vegetables”8 as it contains various essential and nonessential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, chlorophyll and enzymes. Cultivation of wheat grass juice: Wheatgrass can be grown ...
Document
... of the 3rd phase of Glucose Aerobic oxidation • Stage I The acetyl-CoA is completely oxidized into CO2, with electrons collected by NAD and FAD via a cyclic pathway (tricarboxylic acid cycle) • Stage II Electrons of NADH and FADH2 are transferred to O2 via a series carriers, producing H2O and a H+ g ...
... of the 3rd phase of Glucose Aerobic oxidation • Stage I The acetyl-CoA is completely oxidized into CO2, with electrons collected by NAD and FAD via a cyclic pathway (tricarboxylic acid cycle) • Stage II Electrons of NADH and FADH2 are transferred to O2 via a series carriers, producing H2O and a H+ g ...
Electron transport chain…
... • Most microorganisms use one of three energy sources - the sun - reduced organic compounds - reduced inorganic compounds • The chemical energy obtained can be used to do work ...
... • Most microorganisms use one of three energy sources - the sun - reduced organic compounds - reduced inorganic compounds • The chemical energy obtained can be used to do work ...
MANN, K. H. Production and use of detritus in various freshwater
... graze directly on them, because they have a relatively high content of indigestible fiber and a low content of nitrogen. The chief emphasis of detritus research in the 1970s was to show how microorganisms progressively reduce the content of fiber and increase the content of nitrogren in vascular pla ...
... graze directly on them, because they have a relatively high content of indigestible fiber and a low content of nitrogen. The chief emphasis of detritus research in the 1970s was to show how microorganisms progressively reduce the content of fiber and increase the content of nitrogren in vascular pla ...
Carbohydrates Metabolism OVERVIEW Carbohydrates (saccharides
... TCA cycle, also called the Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle, plays several roles in metabolism. It is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids converge, their carbon skeletons being converted to CO2. This oxidation provides energy for the p ...
... TCA cycle, also called the Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle, plays several roles in metabolism. It is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids converge, their carbon skeletons being converted to CO2. This oxidation provides energy for the p ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.