Ecology
... 4 cycles of interest: water carbon nitrogen phosphorus Nutrients are all the chemical substances that an organism needs to sustain life. ...
... 4 cycles of interest: water carbon nitrogen phosphorus Nutrients are all the chemical substances that an organism needs to sustain life. ...
How Cells Harvest Energy: Cellular Respiration
... The human body uses energy from ATP for all its activities ...
... The human body uses energy from ATP for all its activities ...
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
... Electrons are supplied in the form of reduced NAD and reduced FAD, which pass from the Krebs cycle in the matrix to the cristae. Electrons are passed from one protein to the next in a series of Redox reactions. At each transfer energy from the electrons is used to make ATP. The products of this proc ...
... Electrons are supplied in the form of reduced NAD and reduced FAD, which pass from the Krebs cycle in the matrix to the cristae. Electrons are passed from one protein to the next in a series of Redox reactions. At each transfer energy from the electrons is used to make ATP. The products of this proc ...
The process of beta oxidation is named after the carbon atom in the
... 8CH3-CO-S-CoA + 7FADH2 + 7NADH + 7H+ The completion of the degradation process (coenzyme oxidation) requires the citric acid cycle which yields an additional 96 mols of ATP for all 8 acetyl-CoA units oxidized in the process. The total energy yield of palmitic acid oxidation results ...
... 8CH3-CO-S-CoA + 7FADH2 + 7NADH + 7H+ The completion of the degradation process (coenzyme oxidation) requires the citric acid cycle which yields an additional 96 mols of ATP for all 8 acetyl-CoA units oxidized in the process. The total energy yield of palmitic acid oxidation results ...
Name
... balance of the living world. Some are decomposers that break down dead matter. Others are producers that carry out photosynthesis. Some soil bacteria convert natural nitrogen gas into a form plants can use through a process called nitrogen fixation. Humans use bacteria in industry, food production, ...
... balance of the living world. Some are decomposers that break down dead matter. Others are producers that carry out photosynthesis. Some soil bacteria convert natural nitrogen gas into a form plants can use through a process called nitrogen fixation. Humans use bacteria in industry, food production, ...
013368718X_CH20_313
... balance of the living world. Some are decomposers that break down dead matter. Others are producers that carry out photosynthesis. Some soil bacteria convert natural nitrogen gas into a form plants can use through a process called nitrogen fixation. Humans use bacteria in industry, food production, ...
... balance of the living world. Some are decomposers that break down dead matter. Others are producers that carry out photosynthesis. Some soil bacteria convert natural nitrogen gas into a form plants can use through a process called nitrogen fixation. Humans use bacteria in industry, food production, ...
A-level Human Biology Mark scheme Unit 5 - Inheritance
... Correct statement in the context of aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration concerning: Oxygen as terminal hydrogen/electron acceptor; Operation of electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation; Fate of pyruvate; Krebs cycle; Significance of ATP formed in glycolysis; max. 3 ...
... Correct statement in the context of aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration concerning: Oxygen as terminal hydrogen/electron acceptor; Operation of electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation; Fate of pyruvate; Krebs cycle; Significance of ATP formed in glycolysis; max. 3 ...
Food Webs Within Ecosystems
... • Parasite – organism that feeds off other living creatures – Fleas, Ticks, Worms, Lice, etc. ...
... • Parasite – organism that feeds off other living creatures – Fleas, Ticks, Worms, Lice, etc. ...
2. Pyruvate Oxidation
... Cellular respiration requires a cell to exchange gases with its surroundings Breathing exchanges these gases between the blood and outside air ...
... Cellular respiration requires a cell to exchange gases with its surroundings Breathing exchanges these gases between the blood and outside air ...
Cellular Energy
... Electrons in the NADH and FADH2 have a lot of energy. The electrons transfer into the chain. ...
... Electrons in the NADH and FADH2 have a lot of energy. The electrons transfer into the chain. ...
Respiration and Photosynthesis
... • 6 carbon dioxide molecules eneter cycle from atmosphere and combine with 6 5 carbon molecules to make 12 3 carbon molecules • Energy from ATP and NADPH is used to convert the 12 3 carbon molecules into high energy forms • 2 of the 12 3 carbon molecules are removed from the cycle to be used by the ...
... • 6 carbon dioxide molecules eneter cycle from atmosphere and combine with 6 5 carbon molecules to make 12 3 carbon molecules • Energy from ATP and NADPH is used to convert the 12 3 carbon molecules into high energy forms • 2 of the 12 3 carbon molecules are removed from the cycle to be used by the ...
Cell Respiration Notes
... Skips Citric Acid cycle & ETC (NO oxygen) In muscle cells this is Lactic Acid fermentation (when muscles get tired, not enough oxygen) ...
... Skips Citric Acid cycle & ETC (NO oxygen) In muscle cells this is Lactic Acid fermentation (when muscles get tired, not enough oxygen) ...
Lecture Resource ()
... In each of these transformations, one of the bonds to the a-carbon of the amino acid substrate is broken in the first step of the reaction ...
... In each of these transformations, one of the bonds to the a-carbon of the amino acid substrate is broken in the first step of the reaction ...
An overview of food, environmentally and industrially important
... • Vitamins and amino acids are used as supplements in human and animal feed. Some of these are produced most economically by bacteria, if high-yielding, overproducing strains can be developed. In general, this involves inactivating the regulatory mechanisms that keep biosynthesis of these substances ...
... • Vitamins and amino acids are used as supplements in human and animal feed. Some of these are produced most economically by bacteria, if high-yielding, overproducing strains can be developed. In general, this involves inactivating the regulatory mechanisms that keep biosynthesis of these substances ...
Name Date Biology Mid-Term Study Guide – Chapters 1
... like adding ladybugs to eat aphids so they do not damage your crops. 27. Two things that biodiversity indirectly supplies us with are __________________and _____________________. 28. ____________________diversity is the type of diversity in which there are a lot of different species within a biologi ...
... like adding ladybugs to eat aphids so they do not damage your crops. 27. Two things that biodiversity indirectly supplies us with are __________________and _____________________. 28. ____________________diversity is the type of diversity in which there are a lot of different species within a biologi ...
HERE
... Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP? A. Electron transport chain. B. Kreb’s cycle. C. Glycolysis. D. Formation of acetyl CoA. Correct order: ___→ __ → __ → _ ANSWER ...
... Which of the following is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP? A. Electron transport chain. B. Kreb’s cycle. C. Glycolysis. D. Formation of acetyl CoA. Correct order: ___→ __ → __ → _ ANSWER ...
Food Webs and Food Chains
... Some of the sugar is used right away by the plant for energy; some is stored as starch; and some is built into plant tissue ...
... Some of the sugar is used right away by the plant for energy; some is stored as starch; and some is built into plant tissue ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)