Seventh Grade Science
... b. Energy forms chemical compounds and nutrients are lost as heat c. Energy is limited in the biosphere, and nutrients are always available d. Nutrients flow in one direction, and energy recycles 22. Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by ________________. a. Bacteria b. Cows c. Humans d. Pla ...
... b. Energy forms chemical compounds and nutrients are lost as heat c. Energy is limited in the biosphere, and nutrients are always available d. Nutrients flow in one direction, and energy recycles 22. Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by ________________. a. Bacteria b. Cows c. Humans d. Pla ...
Exam 2 - student.ahc.umn.edu
... c) convert acetyl-CoA to pyruvate d) do all of the above 35) The citric acid cycle is considered part of aerobic metabolism even though oxygen does not appear explicitly in any reaction because a) the NADH and FADH2 produced are reoxidized in the electron transport chain linked to oxygen * b) the re ...
... c) convert acetyl-CoA to pyruvate d) do all of the above 35) The citric acid cycle is considered part of aerobic metabolism even though oxygen does not appear explicitly in any reaction because a) the NADH and FADH2 produced are reoxidized in the electron transport chain linked to oxygen * b) the re ...
Metabolism of Glucose C6H12O6+6O2 1 unit of Glucose 38 ATP
... In exercise, first you burn off muscle glycogen, then liver glycogen, then lipid. If you only exercise In Diabetes, the cells cannot use glucose for energy. Only lipids. It depends on lipids, but the the Fatty Acids produce much more acetyl-CoA that kreb cycle cannot handle. This results in an accu ...
... In exercise, first you burn off muscle glycogen, then liver glycogen, then lipid. If you only exercise In Diabetes, the cells cannot use glucose for energy. Only lipids. It depends on lipids, but the the Fatty Acids produce much more acetyl-CoA that kreb cycle cannot handle. This results in an accu ...
Lecture 2 - Websupport1
... • Activation energy is the amount of energy needed to begin a reaction • Enzymes are catalysts • Reduce energy of activation without being permanently changed or used up • Promote chemical reactions ...
... • Activation energy is the amount of energy needed to begin a reaction • Enzymes are catalysts • Reduce energy of activation without being permanently changed or used up • Promote chemical reactions ...
Chapters 13 and 16
... 1) citrate synthase- ATP, NADH, and succinyl-CoA inhibit 2) isocitrate dehydrogenase- allosteric activation by ADP and NAD+ and inhibition by ATP and NADH 3) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase- inhibited by NADH and succinyl-CoA and activated by AMP →The NAD+/NADH ratio in a cell is an indication of the ...
... 1) citrate synthase- ATP, NADH, and succinyl-CoA inhibit 2) isocitrate dehydrogenase- allosteric activation by ADP and NAD+ and inhibition by ATP and NADH 3) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase- inhibited by NADH and succinyl-CoA and activated by AMP →The NAD+/NADH ratio in a cell is an indication of the ...
SI Worksheet 7
... 6. The ultimate source of the energy the enables cellular respiration to occur is a. glucose b. fermentation c. oxygen d. biosynthesis e. the sun 7. Unlike turkey breast, the breast of duck is “dark meat.” Why? a. ducks fly longer distances, so their breast muscles consist of fast fibers b. ducks fl ...
... 6. The ultimate source of the energy the enables cellular respiration to occur is a. glucose b. fermentation c. oxygen d. biosynthesis e. the sun 7. Unlike turkey breast, the breast of duck is “dark meat.” Why? a. ducks fly longer distances, so their breast muscles consist of fast fibers b. ducks fl ...
Title - Iowa State University
... a. A regulatory molecule binds at a location other than the active site and changes the shape of the enzyme in a way that makes the active site available to the enzyme’s natural substrates. b. Regulatory molecules that are similar in size and shape to the enzyme’s natural substrate inhibits catalysi ...
... a. A regulatory molecule binds at a location other than the active site and changes the shape of the enzyme in a way that makes the active site available to the enzyme’s natural substrates. b. Regulatory molecules that are similar in size and shape to the enzyme’s natural substrate inhibits catalysi ...
Respiration2
... Types of Respiration There are two main types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic we will look at each one of these in detail now. ...
... Types of Respiration There are two main types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic we will look at each one of these in detail now. ...
Photosynthesis
... they can attach to oxygen and produce water –Energy is released as a result of breaking down these molecules. ...
... they can attach to oxygen and produce water –Energy is released as a result of breaking down these molecules. ...
9693 MARINE SCIENCE MARK SCHEME for the May/June 2014 series
... indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner ...
... indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner ...
Non-Metals
... Nitrogen is notoriously inert . However it will combine with oxygen at high temperatures to form nitrous oxides . This occurs during lightning discharges and in the engines of vehicles . It will also combine with hydrogen under certain conditions of temperature and pressure to form ammonia . ...
... Nitrogen is notoriously inert . However it will combine with oxygen at high temperatures to form nitrous oxides . This occurs during lightning discharges and in the engines of vehicles . It will also combine with hydrogen under certain conditions of temperature and pressure to form ammonia . ...
18 Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA to Krebs Cycle A/P
... 1.) Lactic acid build up is a way to temporarily store a high-energy hydrogen proton and electron in lactic acid by oxidizing NADH NAD+. This allows the use of this “energy source” (lactic acid) at another time. THIS ALSO allows for NAD+ to be used rapidly in glycolysis to provide SOME “instant” ATP ...
... 1.) Lactic acid build up is a way to temporarily store a high-energy hydrogen proton and electron in lactic acid by oxidizing NADH NAD+. This allows the use of this “energy source” (lactic acid) at another time. THIS ALSO allows for NAD+ to be used rapidly in glycolysis to provide SOME “instant” ATP ...
File
... ◦ Glycolysis (breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate) ◦ The citric acid cycle (completes the breakdown of glucose) ◦ Electron Transport Chain(accounts for most of the ATP synthesis) ...
... ◦ Glycolysis (breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate) ◦ The citric acid cycle (completes the breakdown of glucose) ◦ Electron Transport Chain(accounts for most of the ATP synthesis) ...
2.2 PPT
... - N2 is not usable by plants or animals, so it has to be converted to other forms. Plants can use NO3- (nitrate) and NH4+ (ammonium) ...
... - N2 is not usable by plants or animals, so it has to be converted to other forms. Plants can use NO3- (nitrate) and NH4+ (ammonium) ...
Practice AP Multiple Choice Exam 1 Do NOT write on this! 1. Which
... c. ATP, CO2, H2O d. ATP, NADPH2, O2 e. CO2, H+, PGAL 78. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for CO2 fixation in C3 plants? a. Succinate dehydrogenase b. Rubisco c. Hekokinase d. Amylase e. PEP carboxylase 79. All energy on Earth ultimately comes from a. ATP b. Glucose c. Oxygen d. The sun ...
... c. ATP, CO2, H2O d. ATP, NADPH2, O2 e. CO2, H+, PGAL 78. Which of the following enzymes is responsible for CO2 fixation in C3 plants? a. Succinate dehydrogenase b. Rubisco c. Hekokinase d. Amylase e. PEP carboxylase 79. All energy on Earth ultimately comes from a. ATP b. Glucose c. Oxygen d. The sun ...
NUTRIENT CYCLES
... - N2 is not usable by plants or animals, so it has to be converted to other forms. Plants can use NO3- (nitrate) and NH4+ (ammonium) ...
... - N2 is not usable by plants or animals, so it has to be converted to other forms. Plants can use NO3- (nitrate) and NH4+ (ammonium) ...
Chemistry for Biologists
... of the nucleus will be altered. Unstable nuclei decay and produce detectable radiation at a steady rate. These radioisotopes are used by scientists for a variety of functions including determining the age of organic material and fossils, as radioactive tracers to map biochemical processes and as par ...
... of the nucleus will be altered. Unstable nuclei decay and produce detectable radiation at a steady rate. These radioisotopes are used by scientists for a variety of functions including determining the age of organic material and fossils, as radioactive tracers to map biochemical processes and as par ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical energy
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
... As they are passed along the chain, the energy carried by these electrons is transformed in the mitochondrion into a form that can be used to synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
Key area 2 * Cellular respiration
... the chemical energy stored in glucose must be released by all cells through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions called respiration; the energy released from the breakdown of glucose is used to generate ATP from ADP and phosphate; the chemical energy stored in ATP can be released by breaking it d ...
... the chemical energy stored in glucose must be released by all cells through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions called respiration; the energy released from the breakdown of glucose is used to generate ATP from ADP and phosphate; the chemical energy stored in ATP can be released by breaking it d ...
21. Which of the electron carriers in the electron transport
... e) * in a), b) and c) but not d) 28. The major production of ATP during aerobic metabolism occurs when electrons from __________ and _____________ are transferred to _______________. a) b) c) d) e) ...
... e) * in a), b) and c) but not d) 28. The major production of ATP during aerobic metabolism occurs when electrons from __________ and _____________ are transferred to _______________. a) b) c) d) e) ...
energy - OnMyCalendar
... – Occurs in chloroplast of plants and some algae – Photosynthesis produces all of the energy available in most ecosystems. • Some ecosystems that are not exposed to any sunlight get their energy chemically. ...
... – Occurs in chloroplast of plants and some algae – Photosynthesis produces all of the energy available in most ecosystems. • Some ecosystems that are not exposed to any sunlight get their energy chemically. ...
acetyl CoA
... Inside the mitochondrion (before the citric acid cycle can begin), pyruvate (3C) must be decarboxylated into acetate (2C), then oxidized and joined to a molecule of Coenzyme A, and so converted to acetyl CoA, which links the cycle to glycolysis. During the transformation process of pyruvate into ac ...
... Inside the mitochondrion (before the citric acid cycle can begin), pyruvate (3C) must be decarboxylated into acetate (2C), then oxidized and joined to a molecule of Coenzyme A, and so converted to acetyl CoA, which links the cycle to glycolysis. During the transformation process of pyruvate into ac ...
WEEK 8 - WordPress.com
... production of ATP in absence of oxygen via the cycling of NAD+ • Lactic acid and alcohol are toxic to cells, bacteria and yeasts • Lactic acid build up in humans causes change in pH in blood • Continued lack of O2 = oxygen debt (amount of oxygen needed to rid body of lactic acid), heavy breathing af ...
... production of ATP in absence of oxygen via the cycling of NAD+ • Lactic acid and alcohol are toxic to cells, bacteria and yeasts • Lactic acid build up in humans causes change in pH in blood • Continued lack of O2 = oxygen debt (amount of oxygen needed to rid body of lactic acid), heavy breathing af ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)