NITROGEN METABOLISM: An Overview
... Nitrogen metabolism because, • Glutamate is the only amino acid in mammalian tissues that undergoes Oxidative Deamination at high rate; • All Amino Nitrogen from Amino Acids that can undergo Transamination can be concentrated in Glutamate by the Glutamate Transaminase reaction; • Alanine is substrat ...
... Nitrogen metabolism because, • Glutamate is the only amino acid in mammalian tissues that undergoes Oxidative Deamination at high rate; • All Amino Nitrogen from Amino Acids that can undergo Transamination can be concentrated in Glutamate by the Glutamate Transaminase reaction; • Alanine is substrat ...
Energy
... The Regeneration of ATP • ATP is a renewable resource that is regenerated by addition of a phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) • The energy to phosphorylate ADP comes from catabolic reactions in the cell • The chemical potential energy temporarily stored in ATP drives most cellular work ...
... The Regeneration of ATP • ATP is a renewable resource that is regenerated by addition of a phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) • The energy to phosphorylate ADP comes from catabolic reactions in the cell • The chemical potential energy temporarily stored in ATP drives most cellular work ...
Module 6 – Microbial Metabolism
... Oxidation – is removal of electron from an atom or molecule, a reaction that often produces energy. Reduction – is addition of one or more electrons to an atom or molecule. Oxidation and reductions reactions are always coupled. The pairing of these reactions is called oxidation-reduction or redox re ...
... Oxidation – is removal of electron from an atom or molecule, a reaction that often produces energy. Reduction – is addition of one or more electrons to an atom or molecule. Oxidation and reductions reactions are always coupled. The pairing of these reactions is called oxidation-reduction or redox re ...
Lactic acid bacteria as a cell factory: rerouting of carbon metabolism
... endproduct is evidently lactate, which is formed by the lactate dehydrogenase reaction. This reaction acts as main electron sink under anaerobic conditions, leading to homolactic fermentation. However, a shift toward mixed acid fermentation has been observed under certain fermentation ...
... endproduct is evidently lactate, which is formed by the lactate dehydrogenase reaction. This reaction acts as main electron sink under anaerobic conditions, leading to homolactic fermentation. However, a shift toward mixed acid fermentation has been observed under certain fermentation ...
Acid-Base 2013 - UMF IASI 2015
... •HCO3 - formed intracellularly is returned to the systemic circulation via the basolateral Cl-/HCO3 - exchanger, AE1 (gene symbol SLC4A1) •H+ enters the tubular lumen via 1 of 2 apical proton pumps, H+ «ATPase or H+ K+ «ATPase •The secretion of H+ in these segments is influenced by Na+ reabsorption ...
... •HCO3 - formed intracellularly is returned to the systemic circulation via the basolateral Cl-/HCO3 - exchanger, AE1 (gene symbol SLC4A1) •H+ enters the tubular lumen via 1 of 2 apical proton pumps, H+ «ATPase or H+ K+ «ATPase •The secretion of H+ in these segments is influenced by Na+ reabsorption ...
Biological energy
... – Energy can be transferred and transformed – Energy cannot be created or destroyed ...
... – Energy can be transferred and transformed – Energy cannot be created or destroyed ...
MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
... (iii) The synthesis of large molecules from simple precursor molecules (this occurs via biosynthetic pathways). Different organisms obtain this energy from various sources like sunlight, oxidation of foodstuff, etc. The cells of the organism then carry out thousands of chemical reactions in order to ...
... (iii) The synthesis of large molecules from simple precursor molecules (this occurs via biosynthetic pathways). Different organisms obtain this energy from various sources like sunlight, oxidation of foodstuff, etc. The cells of the organism then carry out thousands of chemical reactions in order to ...
Ch 9 Notes - Dublin City Schools
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Lipid metabolism
... oxidized to produce energy or used for synthesis of other triglycerides. Fate of TAG in tissues: A- Storage in the form of depot fat: Mainly under the skin, acting as insulator against loss of heat. Neutral fats also stored in the abdominal cavity which help in fixation of certain organs e.g. kidney ...
... oxidized to produce energy or used for synthesis of other triglycerides. Fate of TAG in tissues: A- Storage in the form of depot fat: Mainly under the skin, acting as insulator against loss of heat. Neutral fats also stored in the abdominal cavity which help in fixation of certain organs e.g. kidney ...
Word - chemmybear.com
... stick together in a new way as they cool. In cooking, this is a good thing. If it happens to proteins in your bodies (like enzymes or hemoglobin) it is a very bad thing. Changes in temperature and changes in pH can cause proteins to denature. ...
... stick together in a new way as they cool. In cooking, this is a good thing. If it happens to proteins in your bodies (like enzymes or hemoglobin) it is a very bad thing. Changes in temperature and changes in pH can cause proteins to denature. ...
Fulltext: english,
... sodiated lysine, along with the already presented theoretical results for other amino acids studied, show the charge solvated form to be stable, except for proline which is in the zwitterionic form. Absence of H/D exchange in sodiated methyl esters of phenylalanine and histidine, along with the disc ...
... sodiated lysine, along with the already presented theoretical results for other amino acids studied, show the charge solvated form to be stable, except for proline which is in the zwitterionic form. Absence of H/D exchange in sodiated methyl esters of phenylalanine and histidine, along with the disc ...
Evolutionary Adaptation to Different Thermal Environments via
... different amounts of ethanol (Ward and Herbert 1972; Anderson and Gibson 1985 ), and survival of D. melanogaster in an ethanol-enriched environment is dependent on the level of ADH expression (McDonald et al. 1977; McDonald and Ayala 1978). Although the variation in Ldh-B gene expression has not yet ...
... different amounts of ethanol (Ward and Herbert 1972; Anderson and Gibson 1985 ), and survival of D. melanogaster in an ethanol-enriched environment is dependent on the level of ADH expression (McDonald et al. 1977; McDonald and Ayala 1978). Although the variation in Ldh-B gene expression has not yet ...
1. What happens during the digestion of proteins, and what are the
... Passage of nitrogen into the urea cycle Incorporation of the carbon atoms into compounds that can enter the citric acid cycle Our bodies do not store nitrogen-containing compounds and ammonia is toxic to cells. Amino nitrogen must either be incorporated into urea and excreted, or be used in the synt ...
... Passage of nitrogen into the urea cycle Incorporation of the carbon atoms into compounds that can enter the citric acid cycle Our bodies do not store nitrogen-containing compounds and ammonia is toxic to cells. Amino nitrogen must either be incorporated into urea and excreted, or be used in the synt ...
Biochemistry: A Short Course
... Fats are converted into acetyl CoA, which is then processed by the citric acid cycle. Oxaloacetate, a citric acid cycle intermediate, is a precursor to glucose. However, acetyl CoA derived from fats cannot lead to the net synthesis of oxaloacetate or glucose because although two carbons enter the c ...
... Fats are converted into acetyl CoA, which is then processed by the citric acid cycle. Oxaloacetate, a citric acid cycle intermediate, is a precursor to glucose. However, acetyl CoA derived from fats cannot lead to the net synthesis of oxaloacetate or glucose because although two carbons enter the c ...
Fatty Acid Synthesis
... inhibited by leptin, a hormone that has a role in regulating food intake and fat metabolism. Leptin is produced by fat cells in response to excess fat storage. ...
... inhibited by leptin, a hormone that has a role in regulating food intake and fat metabolism. Leptin is produced by fat cells in response to excess fat storage. ...
Chapter 5 Notes (Biomolecules)
... • Identify what makes an organic molecule “organic” • Identify/Recognize carbon skeletons & functional groups in organic molecules • Relate monomers to polymers • Describe the processes of building and breaking polymers (2 reactions involved) • Describe the basic structure and function of carbohydra ...
... • Identify what makes an organic molecule “organic” • Identify/Recognize carbon skeletons & functional groups in organic molecules • Relate monomers to polymers • Describe the processes of building and breaking polymers (2 reactions involved) • Describe the basic structure and function of carbohydra ...
Fundamentals of cancer metabolism
... activities are altered in cancer cells relative to normal cells, and that these alterations support the acquisition and maintenance of malignant properties. Because some altered metabolic features are observed quite generally across many types of cancer cells, reprogrammed metabolism is considered a ...
... activities are altered in cancer cells relative to normal cells, and that these alterations support the acquisition and maintenance of malignant properties. Because some altered metabolic features are observed quite generally across many types of cancer cells, reprogrammed metabolism is considered a ...
GLUCONEOGENESIS
... The source of pyruvate and oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis during fasting or carbohydrate starvation is mainly amino acid catabolism. Some amino acids are catabolized to pyruvate, oxaloacetate, or precursors of these. Muscle proteins may break down to supply amino acids. These are transported to l ...
... The source of pyruvate and oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis during fasting or carbohydrate starvation is mainly amino acid catabolism. Some amino acids are catabolized to pyruvate, oxaloacetate, or precursors of these. Muscle proteins may break down to supply amino acids. These are transported to l ...
Chapter 25
... So far, we have developed a complicated picture of intermediary metabolism and it is time to attempt to simplify and unify. There are a small number of intermediates that serve crucial roles in intermediary metabolism. These include sugar phosphates, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, ketoglutarate, acetyl-Co ...
... So far, we have developed a complicated picture of intermediary metabolism and it is time to attempt to simplify and unify. There are a small number of intermediates that serve crucial roles in intermediary metabolism. These include sugar phosphates, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, ketoglutarate, acetyl-Co ...
NIHMS88703-supplement-2
... we validated our method through the characterization of transgenic and knockout mouse models of candidate genes that were predicted to be causal for abdominal obesity. Perturbation of eight out of the nine genes, with Gas7, Me1 and Gpx3 being novel, resulted in significant changes in obesity related ...
... we validated our method through the characterization of transgenic and knockout mouse models of candidate genes that were predicted to be causal for abdominal obesity. Perturbation of eight out of the nine genes, with Gas7, Me1 and Gpx3 being novel, resulted in significant changes in obesity related ...
Acrobat - chemmybear.com
... B “does not conduct” eliminates the metal, Pt. “insoluble in water” eliminates ionic CsCl. The high MP eliminates the molecular substance, C10 H22 . They are describing a “covalent network solid.” A Vapor pressure certainly increases with increased temperature because more particles can escape. Surf ...
... B “does not conduct” eliminates the metal, Pt. “insoluble in water” eliminates ionic CsCl. The high MP eliminates the molecular substance, C10 H22 . They are describing a “covalent network solid.” A Vapor pressure certainly increases with increased temperature because more particles can escape. Surf ...
Basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the minimal rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. (McNab, B. K. 1997). On the Utility of Uniformity in the Definition of Basal Rate of Metabolism. Physiol. Zool. Vol.70; Metabolism refers to the processes that the body needs to function. Basal Metabolic Rate is the amount of energy expressed in calories that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest. Some of those processes are breathing, blood circulation, controlling body temperature, cell growth, brain and nerve function, and contraction of muscles. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) affects the rate that a person burns calories and ultimately whether you maintain, gain, or lose weight. Your basal metabolic rate accounts for about 60 to 75% of the calories you burn every day. It is influenced by several factors.