2nd Phase of Glycolysis
... In the preparatory phase of glycolysis two molecules of ATP have been invested. The hexose chain has been cleaved into two triose phosphates. The second phase contains the last five reactions of glycolysis and is called the payoff phase. It is called the payoff phase because in these five reactions ...
... In the preparatory phase of glycolysis two molecules of ATP have been invested. The hexose chain has been cleaved into two triose phosphates. The second phase contains the last five reactions of glycolysis and is called the payoff phase. It is called the payoff phase because in these five reactions ...
Lecture 3 - Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis
... Pyruvic acid is more oxidized than glucose The energy released from the oxidation is used to create 2 molecules of ATP from 2 ADP and 2 Pi This is an anaerobic process. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvic acid can be fermented to lactic acid or to ethanol plus CO2. Under aerobic conditions, gluco ...
... Pyruvic acid is more oxidized than glucose The energy released from the oxidation is used to create 2 molecules of ATP from 2 ADP and 2 Pi This is an anaerobic process. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvic acid can be fermented to lactic acid or to ethanol plus CO2. Under aerobic conditions, gluco ...
Factors affecting enzyme activity ppt - Mr. Lesiuk
... Temperature, and pH affect the rate of enzyme reactions. ...
... Temperature, and pH affect the rate of enzyme reactions. ...
Energy systems and interplay of energy systems
... The replenishment of the limited stores of ATP occurs via a process known as phosphorylation. This is a biochemical process that involves the addition of a phosphate group to an organic compound or molecule. In this particular circumstance it involves the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ...
... The replenishment of the limited stores of ATP occurs via a process known as phosphorylation. This is a biochemical process that involves the addition of a phosphate group to an organic compound or molecule. In this particular circumstance it involves the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ...
uncorrected page proofs
... The replenishment of the limited stores of ATP occurs via a process known as phosphorylation. This is a biochemical process that involves the addition of a phosphate group to an organic compound or molecule. In this particular circumstance it involves the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ...
... The replenishment of the limited stores of ATP occurs via a process known as phosphorylation. This is a biochemical process that involves the addition of a phosphate group to an organic compound or molecule. In this particular circumstance it involves the addition of a phosphate group to ADP to form ...
Plant respiration under low oxygen
... against ROS have also been attributed to a mitochondrial HXK through the generation of ADP for OXPHOS, avoiding limitations in the synthesis of ATP during respiration and facilitating the release of hydrogen peroxide (Camacho-Pereira et al., 2009). While HXK is found in the mitochondria, there is al ...
... against ROS have also been attributed to a mitochondrial HXK through the generation of ADP for OXPHOS, avoiding limitations in the synthesis of ATP during respiration and facilitating the release of hydrogen peroxide (Camacho-Pereira et al., 2009). While HXK is found in the mitochondria, there is al ...
How Cells Release Chemical Energy – Cellular Respiration
... • Occurs in mitochondrial matrix • Acetyl CoA transfer acetyl group to C4 molecule – produces citric acid (6C) • Acetyl group oxidized to carbon dioxide – all C gone (glucose completely broken down!) • NAD+ → NADH and FAD → FADH2 • Substrate-level ATP synthesis produces ATP • Two cycles for each glu ...
... • Occurs in mitochondrial matrix • Acetyl CoA transfer acetyl group to C4 molecule – produces citric acid (6C) • Acetyl group oxidized to carbon dioxide – all C gone (glucose completely broken down!) • NAD+ → NADH and FAD → FADH2 • Substrate-level ATP synthesis produces ATP • Two cycles for each glu ...
Fat to the fire: the regulation of lipid oxidation
... Lipids are an exciting area of current research due to their many roles as signaling molecules, membrane components, and energy sources both for resting metabolism and low-intensity exercise. Biomedical researchers are particularly interested in the regulation of fat oxidation, which is pertinent to ...
... Lipids are an exciting area of current research due to their many roles as signaling molecules, membrane components, and energy sources both for resting metabolism and low-intensity exercise. Biomedical researchers are particularly interested in the regulation of fat oxidation, which is pertinent to ...
BIOCHEMISTRY
... possible drug toxicity, particularly in trials, but also in some cases when a drug is in established use. Biochemical tests are widely used to determine whether a condition is present subclinically. The best-known example is the mass screening of all newborn babies for phenylketonuria, which is carr ...
... possible drug toxicity, particularly in trials, but also in some cases when a drug is in established use. Biochemical tests are widely used to determine whether a condition is present subclinically. The best-known example is the mass screening of all newborn babies for phenylketonuria, which is carr ...
Fundamentals of Biochemistry
... belongs to the lyase family of enzymes that catalyze breaking/elimination of bonds by means other than hydrolysis! ...
... belongs to the lyase family of enzymes that catalyze breaking/elimination of bonds by means other than hydrolysis! ...
Cellular Pathways that Harvest Chemical Energy
... Using Figure 7.6, let us work our way through the glycolytic pathway. The first five reactions of glycolysis are endergonic; that is, the cell is investing free energy in the glucose molecule, rather than releasing energy from it. In two separate reactions (reactions 1 and 3 in Figure 7.6), the ener ...
... Using Figure 7.6, let us work our way through the glycolytic pathway. The first five reactions of glycolysis are endergonic; that is, the cell is investing free energy in the glucose molecule, rather than releasing energy from it. In two separate reactions (reactions 1 and 3 in Figure 7.6), the ener ...
Phosphorylation - Biology Junction
... if O2 is available, pyruvate enters mitochondria enzymes of Krebs cycle complete the full oxidation of sugar to CO2 ...
... if O2 is available, pyruvate enters mitochondria enzymes of Krebs cycle complete the full oxidation of sugar to CO2 ...
Fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue, muscle and liver in health
... others: adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver. Each of these tissues has a store of triacylglycerol that can be hydrolysed (mobilized) in a regulated way to release fatty acids. In the case of adipose tissue, these fatty acids may be released into the circulation for delivery to other tissues, w ...
... others: adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver. Each of these tissues has a store of triacylglycerol that can be hydrolysed (mobilized) in a regulated way to release fatty acids. In the case of adipose tissue, these fatty acids may be released into the circulation for delivery to other tissues, w ...
Protein © 2009 Cengage - Wadsworth
... Carbohydrates and lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules Proteins also contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules, BUT in addition, they also contain nitrogen, a key element that distinguishes protein from other macronutrients. The simple sugar (monosaccharide) is the buildi ...
... Carbohydrates and lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules Proteins also contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules, BUT in addition, they also contain nitrogen, a key element that distinguishes protein from other macronutrients. The simple sugar (monosaccharide) is the buildi ...
acetyl CoA - LSU School of Medicine
... A) Excess acetyl CoA - can be metabolized by liver mitochondria into ketone bodies (acetoacetate, b- (or 3-) hydroxybutyrate, acetone). B) Transported to other tissues, converted to acetyl CoA and metabolized by the citric acid cycle. C) Importance - water-soluble; produced in liver when excess acet ...
... A) Excess acetyl CoA - can be metabolized by liver mitochondria into ketone bodies (acetoacetate, b- (or 3-) hydroxybutyrate, acetone). B) Transported to other tissues, converted to acetyl CoA and metabolized by the citric acid cycle. C) Importance - water-soluble; produced in liver when excess acet ...
Trans-Tonoplast Transport of the Sulfur Containing
... Uptake of cysteine and methionine was measured by using the same uptake system. There was a significant capacity to transport methionine across the tonoplast (Table 2, cf. DIETZ & BUSCH 1990). Similar to the translocation of other amino acids, ATP stimulated the translocation even in the absence of ...
... Uptake of cysteine and methionine was measured by using the same uptake system. There was a significant capacity to transport methionine across the tonoplast (Table 2, cf. DIETZ & BUSCH 1990). Similar to the translocation of other amino acids, ATP stimulated the translocation even in the absence of ...
You Light Up My Life
... Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for releasing the energy stored in foods In Luft’s syndrome, the mitochondria are active in oxygen consumption, but with little ATP formation to show for it In Friedreich’s ataxia, too much iron in the mitochondria causes an accumulation of free radicals t ...
... Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for releasing the energy stored in foods In Luft’s syndrome, the mitochondria are active in oxygen consumption, but with little ATP formation to show for it In Friedreich’s ataxia, too much iron in the mitochondria causes an accumulation of free radicals t ...
2.8 Respiration
... • The chemical potential energy temporarily stored in ATP drives most cellular work ATP ...
... • The chemical potential energy temporarily stored in ATP drives most cellular work ATP ...
Chapter 6
... – During cellular respiration, hydrogen and its bonding electrons change partners. • Hydrogen and its electrons go from sugar to oxygen, forming water. • This hydrogen transfer is why oxygen is so vital to cellular respiration. Laua Coronado ...
... – During cellular respiration, hydrogen and its bonding electrons change partners. • Hydrogen and its electrons go from sugar to oxygen, forming water. • This hydrogen transfer is why oxygen is so vital to cellular respiration. Laua Coronado ...
Basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the minimal rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. (McNab, B. K. 1997). On the Utility of Uniformity in the Definition of Basal Rate of Metabolism. Physiol. Zool. Vol.70; Metabolism refers to the processes that the body needs to function. Basal Metabolic Rate is the amount of energy expressed in calories that a person needs to keep the body functioning at rest. Some of those processes are breathing, blood circulation, controlling body temperature, cell growth, brain and nerve function, and contraction of muscles. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) affects the rate that a person burns calories and ultimately whether you maintain, gain, or lose weight. Your basal metabolic rate accounts for about 60 to 75% of the calories you burn every day. It is influenced by several factors.