Enzyme Properties
... kcat/Km measures affinity of enzyme for a specific substrate: we call it the specificity constant or the molecular activity for the enzyme for that particular substrate Useful in comparing primary substrate to other substrates (e.g. ethanol vs. propanol in alcohol dehydrogenase) ...
... kcat/Km measures affinity of enzyme for a specific substrate: we call it the specificity constant or the molecular activity for the enzyme for that particular substrate Useful in comparing primary substrate to other substrates (e.g. ethanol vs. propanol in alcohol dehydrogenase) ...
Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
... feedback control (FC) 1. An enzyme in a pathway that controls the rate of the reaction. 2. Speeds up a reaction by combining with an enzyme in the pathway. 3. Removal of a peptide activates the enzyme. 4. Some product binds to the first enzyme to limit the synthesis of product. ...
... feedback control (FC) 1. An enzyme in a pathway that controls the rate of the reaction. 2. Speeds up a reaction by combining with an enzyme in the pathway. 3. Removal of a peptide activates the enzyme. 4. Some product binds to the first enzyme to limit the synthesis of product. ...
The Structural Basis of Molecular Adaptation
... when the loss of angiotensin-II-forming activity occurred and which replacements were responsible have yet to be determined. Nevertheless, these results demonstrate the power of combining phylogenetic inference in reconstructing ancient phenotypes with protein engineering, and provide an interesting ...
... when the loss of angiotensin-II-forming activity occurred and which replacements were responsible have yet to be determined. Nevertheless, these results demonstrate the power of combining phylogenetic inference in reconstructing ancient phenotypes with protein engineering, and provide an interesting ...
The Role in Translation of Editing and Multi
... rapid recycling of tRNAs. In addition to their aminoacylation functions, about half of the aaRSs have evolved an editing function, which hydrolyzes non-cognate amino acid from its cognate tRNA thereby maintaining the fidelity of translation. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) misactivates and misc ...
... rapid recycling of tRNAs. In addition to their aminoacylation functions, about half of the aaRSs have evolved an editing function, which hydrolyzes non-cognate amino acid from its cognate tRNA thereby maintaining the fidelity of translation. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) misactivates and misc ...
HighFour Biology Round 2 Category D: Grades 11 – 12 Tuesday
... The F1 generation of the RR and rr roses will all have a heterozygous genotype (Rr). The F2 generation ensues from the self-pollination of the F1 generation. This self-pollination will result to three genotypes, namely RR, Rr, and rr. Only those with the rr genotype will have a white phenotype. Out ...
... The F1 generation of the RR and rr roses will all have a heterozygous genotype (Rr). The F2 generation ensues from the self-pollination of the F1 generation. This self-pollination will result to three genotypes, namely RR, Rr, and rr. Only those with the rr genotype will have a white phenotype. Out ...
HIV-1 Protease - Illinois State University
... There are quite a few different inhibitors in existence for HIV-1 Protease. Due to the rapid rate of viral replication and the high error rate of reverse transcriptase result in HIV-1 mutants resistant to inhibitor action. Peptide bond hydrolysis ...
... There are quite a few different inhibitors in existence for HIV-1 Protease. Due to the rapid rate of viral replication and the high error rate of reverse transcriptase result in HIV-1 mutants resistant to inhibitor action. Peptide bond hydrolysis ...
Title: Rescuing discarded spectra: Full - e
... separation in an EasyLC system (Proxeon). Peptides were separated in a reverse phase column, 75 μm x 150 mm (Nikkyo Technos Co., Ltd.) with a gradient of 5 to 35% acetonitrile in 0.1% formic acid for 60 min at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The Orbitrap Velos was operated in positive ion mode with the n ...
... separation in an EasyLC system (Proxeon). Peptides were separated in a reverse phase column, 75 μm x 150 mm (Nikkyo Technos Co., Ltd.) with a gradient of 5 to 35% acetonitrile in 0.1% formic acid for 60 min at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The Orbitrap Velos was operated in positive ion mode with the n ...
Antioxidant Activity Associated with Lipid and Phenolic Mobilization
... compounds in seed are governed by the level of unsaturated fatty acids, and during seed germination, when lipids are used as energy and new synthesis during cellular metabolism (Salisbury and Ross, 1991). Besides tocols, antioxidant compounds that are phenolic in nature are also found in seeds. Plan ...
... compounds in seed are governed by the level of unsaturated fatty acids, and during seed germination, when lipids are used as energy and new synthesis during cellular metabolism (Salisbury and Ross, 1991). Besides tocols, antioxidant compounds that are phenolic in nature are also found in seeds. Plan ...
Cellular respiration
... Pyruvate will be reactant in next step aerobic cellular respiration. In glycolysis we use 2ATP and we create 4ATP. 2. Pyruvate oxidation-pyruvic acid that is produced in glycoysis diffuses across double membrane of a mitochondrion and enters in mitochondrion matrix. When pyruvic acid enters into mit ...
... Pyruvate will be reactant in next step aerobic cellular respiration. In glycolysis we use 2ATP and we create 4ATP. 2. Pyruvate oxidation-pyruvic acid that is produced in glycoysis diffuses across double membrane of a mitochondrion and enters in mitochondrion matrix. When pyruvic acid enters into mit ...
Characterization of cDNAs Induced in Meiotic Prophase in Lily
... To identify and analyze genes functioning during reproductive cell formation in higher plants, cDNAs harboring the messages induced in meiotic prophase were isolated and characterized. A cDNA library constructed from microsporocytes in meiotic prophase of Lilium longiflorum was screened with a subtr ...
... To identify and analyze genes functioning during reproductive cell formation in higher plants, cDNAs harboring the messages induced in meiotic prophase were isolated and characterized. A cDNA library constructed from microsporocytes in meiotic prophase of Lilium longiflorum was screened with a subtr ...
Metabolism of fatty acids in tissues and organs of the ruminants
... Lipids consumed by the ruminants are subjected to changes in various organs of the animal, which is the cause of the fact that fatty acid composition of the products differs significantly from that of the feed [Jóźwik et al. 2010]. Fatty acid metabolism in the rumen is one of the most important fact ...
... Lipids consumed by the ruminants are subjected to changes in various organs of the animal, which is the cause of the fact that fatty acid composition of the products differs significantly from that of the feed [Jóźwik et al. 2010]. Fatty acid metabolism in the rumen is one of the most important fact ...
Biology 2 –Quiz 7 Cellular Respiration Name: Date: For the
... intermembrane space drives the production of ATP(the phosphorylation of ADP) c. The production of water in the matrix by reduction of oxygen leads to a net flow of water out of the mitochondria. d. The energy released by redox reactions in the electron transport chain is transferred as a phosphate t ...
... intermembrane space drives the production of ATP(the phosphorylation of ADP) c. The production of water in the matrix by reduction of oxygen leads to a net flow of water out of the mitochondria. d. The energy released by redox reactions in the electron transport chain is transferred as a phosphate t ...
A Survey of Recent Work on Evolutionary Approaches to the Protein
... between the side-chain and the amino group.) R denotes the location of the side-chain, which bonds to a central carbon atom denoted by C . carboxyl carbon of one amino acid binds with the amino nitrogen of the next amino acid. This binding releases a water molecule and the resulting bond is called a ...
... between the side-chain and the amino group.) R denotes the location of the side-chain, which bonds to a central carbon atom denoted by C . carboxyl carbon of one amino acid binds with the amino nitrogen of the next amino acid. This binding releases a water molecule and the resulting bond is called a ...
(1125) Catalytic Dehydration Reactions for Green Synthesis of
... Phosphoric acid monoesters are some of the most important substances in materials chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and so on. Many phosphoric acid monoesters have been synthesized on an industrial scale and are used as necessities in our daily life [13, 14]. From the perspective of green chemistry, t ...
... Phosphoric acid monoesters are some of the most important substances in materials chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and so on. Many phosphoric acid monoesters have been synthesized on an industrial scale and are used as necessities in our daily life [13, 14]. From the perspective of green chemistry, t ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.