AdebamboKF_0310_eps
... yield. The activation of the exocyclic amino group of 2-amino-6-chloropurine with triphosgene was also explored for the synthesis of N2-Cbz protected guan-9-ylacetic acid. This gave the desired Cbz-protected N2-guanyl-9-ylacetic acid in yields ranging from 50% to 90% depending on whether ethylbromoa ...
... yield. The activation of the exocyclic amino group of 2-amino-6-chloropurine with triphosgene was also explored for the synthesis of N2-Cbz protected guan-9-ylacetic acid. This gave the desired Cbz-protected N2-guanyl-9-ylacetic acid in yields ranging from 50% to 90% depending on whether ethylbromoa ...
energy, cellular respiration
... Chemical energy is due to the arrangement of atoms in molecules Rearrangement of atoms will either store or release energy chemical reaction = rearrangement of atoms ...
... Chemical energy is due to the arrangement of atoms in molecules Rearrangement of atoms will either store or release energy chemical reaction = rearrangement of atoms ...
The experiments provide ne~~~den~~~~t the r&rate clewage pathway... of carbon for the synthesis of $tty ack& k‘l...
... (1941). Using the methyfene b&e test for de~yd~o~~ase activity, these authors demonstrated that race&c bydroxy~trat~ is. attacked by what was presumed to be isocitrate .d~hydrogena~ from various sources. On the other hand, racemic ~~Z~bydr~~yc~trateis riot attacked. Racemic hydroxycitrate was resqlv ...
... (1941). Using the methyfene b&e test for de~yd~o~~ase activity, these authors demonstrated that race&c bydroxy~trat~ is. attacked by what was presumed to be isocitrate .d~hydrogena~ from various sources. On the other hand, racemic ~~Z~bydr~~yc~trateis riot attacked. Racemic hydroxycitrate was resqlv ...
Appendix number 4 to the Senate Resolution No. 430/01/2015
... and concentrations of substances in solution, iso-osmotic solutions, ...
... and concentrations of substances in solution, iso-osmotic solutions, ...
Chapter-14 - NCERT Help
... Tri Carboxylic Acid Cycle (Kreb’s cycle) or Citric acid Cycle : This cycle starts with condensation of acetyle group with oxaloacitic acid and water to yield citric acid which undergoes a series of reactions. ...
... Tri Carboxylic Acid Cycle (Kreb’s cycle) or Citric acid Cycle : This cycle starts with condensation of acetyle group with oxaloacitic acid and water to yield citric acid which undergoes a series of reactions. ...
Unit 13: Biochemistry and Biochemical Techniques
... The main focus of learning outcome 1 is for learners to understand the diverse, polymeric nature and shapes of biological macromolecules. For each class of biological molecules listed, learners should demonstrate structural diversity arising from differing combinations and sequences of a limited num ...
... The main focus of learning outcome 1 is for learners to understand the diverse, polymeric nature and shapes of biological macromolecules. For each class of biological molecules listed, learners should demonstrate structural diversity arising from differing combinations and sequences of a limited num ...
Lecture 26 - Glycolysis 2
... Two Major Roles of Glucokinase Role in liver cells When blood glucose levels are high, both hexokinase I and glucokinase are active in liver cells, whereas, other tissues only have hexokinase 1 and their ability to take up glucose after a meal is unchanged. Since phosphorylation traps glucose insid ...
... Two Major Roles of Glucokinase Role in liver cells When blood glucose levels are high, both hexokinase I and glucokinase are active in liver cells, whereas, other tissues only have hexokinase 1 and their ability to take up glucose after a meal is unchanged. Since phosphorylation traps glucose insid ...
Respiration II
... NOTE: the 4 NADH/FADH NOTE: the 4 NADH/FADH2 and and the 1 ATP/GTP from the Krebs cycle are produced via oxidation cycle are produced via oxidation of 4 C‐C/C‐H bonds in this acetyl group. ...
... NOTE: the 4 NADH/FADH NOTE: the 4 NADH/FADH2 and and the 1 ATP/GTP from the Krebs cycle are produced via oxidation cycle are produced via oxidation of 4 C‐C/C‐H bonds in this acetyl group. ...
Characterizing the complexity of enzymes on the basis of their
... enzymes with an identical EC number (and therefore overall reaction) occasionally have significantly different mechanisms. A good example of this phenomenon is provided by the haloperoxidases (EC 1.11.1.10). There are three different types of this enzyme that have been identified so far, all of which ...
... enzymes with an identical EC number (and therefore overall reaction) occasionally have significantly different mechanisms. A good example of this phenomenon is provided by the haloperoxidases (EC 1.11.1.10). There are three different types of this enzyme that have been identified so far, all of which ...
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LECTURE “AEROBIC PHASE OF
... sulfur-containing cofactor, coenzyme A (CoA) (Fig. 4). Pyruvate dehydrogenase exists as a large complex of several enzymes that catalyze the overall reaction in a three-step process: decarboxylation, oxidation, and conjugation to CoA. In the next reaction the enzyme citrate synthase combines the ace ...
... sulfur-containing cofactor, coenzyme A (CoA) (Fig. 4). Pyruvate dehydrogenase exists as a large complex of several enzymes that catalyze the overall reaction in a three-step process: decarboxylation, oxidation, and conjugation to CoA. In the next reaction the enzyme citrate synthase combines the ace ...
456 presentation
... What is Hyperlipidemia? Hyperlipidemia is an excess of fatty substances called lipids, largely cholesterol and triglycerides, in the blood. ...
... What is Hyperlipidemia? Hyperlipidemia is an excess of fatty substances called lipids, largely cholesterol and triglycerides, in the blood. ...
Nonstandard Hydrogen Bonding in Duplex Oligonucleotides. The
... Department of Chemistry, ETH CH-8092 Ziirich, Switzerland Received March 17, I994 In its most general form, the Watson-Crick base pair joins a six-membered heterocyclic ring (in natural oligonucleotides, a pyrimidine) with a five-six fused ring system (in natural oligonucleotides, a purine) via thre ...
... Department of Chemistry, ETH CH-8092 Ziirich, Switzerland Received March 17, I994 In its most general form, the Watson-Crick base pair joins a six-membered heterocyclic ring (in natural oligonucleotides, a pyrimidine) with a five-six fused ring system (in natural oligonucleotides, a purine) via thre ...
Chapter 1. introduction
... Function- Page 79-82 Components- Simple proteins, Complex( Conjugated) proteins ( glyco-, lipo- , metalochromo-, phospho-, nucleo-) 4.3 Four levels of protein structure A. Primary structure: Amino acid sequence and disulfide bonds B. Secondary Structure: Conformation of neighboring amino acids: -he ...
... Function- Page 79-82 Components- Simple proteins, Complex( Conjugated) proteins ( glyco-, lipo- , metalochromo-, phospho-, nucleo-) 4.3 Four levels of protein structure A. Primary structure: Amino acid sequence and disulfide bonds B. Secondary Structure: Conformation of neighboring amino acids: -he ...
3.-electron-transport-chain-ATP-synthesis
... mitochondrial membrane. • This return flow of H+ ions rotates part of the membrane protein ATP synthase, catalysing the synthesis of ATP. ...
... mitochondrial membrane. • This return flow of H+ ions rotates part of the membrane protein ATP synthase, catalysing the synthesis of ATP. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.