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Unit VII Objectives Biotechnology
Unit VII Objectives Biotechnology

... 1. Define biotechnology, Taq1, sticky ends, vector, plasmid, bioremediation, restriction enzyme, bioinformatics, and genomics. 2. What is meant by the universality of the genetic code? 3. Define polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Describe what is needed for PCR to happen, its process of DNA amplificat ...
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File

... Clarification: Limited to understanding that genetic engineering is used currently to produce gene products such as human insulin. The great responsibility is making sure that altered genes don’t upset natural ecosystems or cause human suffering. There are also ethical decisions regarding use of ste ...
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30. Insulin Prodution

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ExamView - Chap 13 Review Essay Short.tst

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Genetic Engineering
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Chapter 9: Gene Transfer, Genetic Engineering, and Genomics
Chapter 9: Gene Transfer, Genetic Engineering, and Genomics

... g. Identify the decisive pieces of research that permitted scientists to develop the process of genetic engineering. h. Describe in detail the process by which a bacterial cell can be re-engineered to produce a specific foreign protein. i. Name several products of genetic engineering, and discuss th ...
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Pros Cons Man has been doing selective breeding since agriculture

... that nature could never do. This will pose unexpected consequences. GE makes use of pathogenic organisms such as viruses and bacteria as vectors of the gene that is being transferred. These pathogens could spread into the environment with unpredictable and dangerous consequences. GE is potentially d ...
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Genetic engineering



Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.
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