PC7 and the related proteases Furin and Pace4 regulate E
... change positions: Inner cells occasionally rise to the surface to either assume an outer fate or quickly return to ICM, and some cells on the outside sink inside as late as during cavitation (Fleming, 1987; Yamanaka et al., 2010; McDole et al., 2011). Only the most surface-exposed mother cells in tr ...
... change positions: Inner cells occasionally rise to the surface to either assume an outer fate or quickly return to ICM, and some cells on the outside sink inside as late as during cavitation (Fleming, 1987; Yamanaka et al., 2010; McDole et al., 2011). Only the most surface-exposed mother cells in tr ...
Massive Expansion of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells during an Acute
... LCMV-specific CD81 cells at the peak of the immune response to LCMV, we adoptively transferred unstimulated, LCMV-specific TCR-transgenic T cells into host mice and infected them with LCMV. Similar methods have been used to follow the in vivo behavior of both CD41 and CD81 T cells (Zimmerman et al., ...
... LCMV-specific CD81 cells at the peak of the immune response to LCMV, we adoptively transferred unstimulated, LCMV-specific TCR-transgenic T cells into host mice and infected them with LCMV. Similar methods have been used to follow the in vivo behavior of both CD41 and CD81 T cells (Zimmerman et al., ...
Two classic cadherin-related molecules with no cadherin
... Cloning and sequence analysis of Bb2-cadherin and Bb.β-catenin cDNAs A cDNA clone encoding a second cadherin in B. belcheri was isolated (see Materials and Methods). Amino acid sequence prediction revealed that the cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 798 aa (comparable to 796 aa of Bb-cadherin) that conta ...
... Cloning and sequence analysis of Bb2-cadherin and Bb.β-catenin cDNAs A cDNA clone encoding a second cadherin in B. belcheri was isolated (see Materials and Methods). Amino acid sequence prediction revealed that the cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 798 aa (comparable to 796 aa of Bb-cadherin) that conta ...
Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of
... shaken cells was 54 % (average of five experiments) compared with 44 % (average of five experiments) with standing cells. Nucleic acid synthesis. Woods (1976) investigated nucleic acid synthesis in stationary phase cells and reported that DNA synthesis was not observed in shaken or standing stationa ...
... shaken cells was 54 % (average of five experiments) compared with 44 % (average of five experiments) with standing cells. Nucleic acid synthesis. Woods (1976) investigated nucleic acid synthesis in stationary phase cells and reported that DNA synthesis was not observed in shaken or standing stationa ...
Lactose Uptake Driven by Galactose Efflux in Streptococcus
... by galactose for lactose binding, since greater inhibition of lactose uptake occurred in loaded cells as compared with unloaded cells. Therefore, inhibition must also have been caused by inhibition of galactose efflux in the galactoseloaded cells. PMF in galactose-effluxing cells. When galactose-loa ...
... by galactose for lactose binding, since greater inhibition of lactose uptake occurred in loaded cells as compared with unloaded cells. Therefore, inhibition must also have been caused by inhibition of galactose efflux in the galactoseloaded cells. PMF in galactose-effluxing cells. When galactose-loa ...
Chloride Channels Regulate HIT Cell Volume but Cannot
... Electrophysiology and solutions. HIT cells were placed in a recording chamber affixed to the stage of an inverted microscope (IMT-2 or IX50; Olympus, Tokyo). The whole-cell patch-clamp technique (29) was used to measure Cl⫺ current, as previously described (5). Cells were voltage-clamped to ⫺65 mV. ...
... Electrophysiology and solutions. HIT cells were placed in a recording chamber affixed to the stage of an inverted microscope (IMT-2 or IX50; Olympus, Tokyo). The whole-cell patch-clamp technique (29) was used to measure Cl⫺ current, as previously described (5). Cells were voltage-clamped to ⫺65 mV. ...
Influence of salinity on the localization of Na+/K+
... Materials and methods Sampling and rearing of fish The Hawaiian goby (Stenogobius hawaiiensis Cuvier and Valenciennes) has an amphidromous life history in which spawning occurs in freshwater, and eggs or newly hatched larvae are swept out to sea. After undergoing larval and early juvenile developmen ...
... Materials and methods Sampling and rearing of fish The Hawaiian goby (Stenogobius hawaiiensis Cuvier and Valenciennes) has an amphidromous life history in which spawning occurs in freshwater, and eggs or newly hatched larvae are swept out to sea. After undergoing larval and early juvenile developmen ...
Imaging ER-to-Golgi transport: towards a
... et al., 2006). These results are consistent with the Golgi maturation model (Glick et al., 1997), which predicts that secretory cargo moves through the Golgi complex in cisternae that form de novo, mature from cis to trans, and then dissipate. The examples above, which are by far not comprehensive o ...
... et al., 2006). These results are consistent with the Golgi maturation model (Glick et al., 1997), which predicts that secretory cargo moves through the Golgi complex in cisternae that form de novo, mature from cis to trans, and then dissipate. The examples above, which are by far not comprehensive o ...
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... blasts). This reorganization is believed to involve neta cell’s developmental potential during ontogeny (Wilson, 1925; Freeman, 1979). The idea that such localiza- works of microfilaments located in the subcortical and tions help to establish distinct cell populations is sup- cortical cytoplasm. In ...
... blasts). This reorganization is believed to involve neta cell’s developmental potential during ontogeny (Wilson, 1925; Freeman, 1979). The idea that such localiza- works of microfilaments located in the subcortical and tions help to establish distinct cell populations is sup- cortical cytoplasm. In ...
chemoattractant signaling in dictyostelium discoideum
... cell-cell signaling. Many features of these pathways in mammalian leukocytes are similar to those in the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. Analysis of signaling processes in these social amoebae has led to discoveries that have subsequently been confirmed in mammalian systems. There have been ...
... cell-cell signaling. Many features of these pathways in mammalian leukocytes are similar to those in the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. Analysis of signaling processes in these social amoebae has led to discoveries that have subsequently been confirmed in mammalian systems. There have been ...
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... An emerging paradigm proposes that re-activation of the embryonic developmental program in injured adult epicardial tissues by ectopic signals can mediate epicardium differentiation towards cardiogenic fates or enhance the existing level of signalling activity within the epicardium (Smart et al., 20 ...
... An emerging paradigm proposes that re-activation of the embryonic developmental program in injured adult epicardial tissues by ectopic signals can mediate epicardium differentiation towards cardiogenic fates or enhance the existing level of signalling activity within the epicardium (Smart et al., 20 ...
NIH Public Access - McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research
... B6 recipient mice were given a single dose of TCDD one day prior to transplant and were then euthanized on post-operative days (POD) 10 or 16, or at the time of rejection (Figure 1A). Compared to untreated (median GST=10 days), no graft loss from rejection was seen in the TCDD-treated group in the f ...
... B6 recipient mice were given a single dose of TCDD one day prior to transplant and were then euthanized on post-operative days (POD) 10 or 16, or at the time of rejection (Figure 1A). Compared to untreated (median GST=10 days), no graft loss from rejection was seen in the TCDD-treated group in the f ...
(HTLV-I) Tax11-19–Specific Memory and Effector CD8+ Cells in Patien
... TIA-1, which is thought to be specific for cytotoxic cells [17]. Collectively, the evidence supports a central role of HTLV-I– specific CD81 T cells in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. Recently, HTLV-I Tax peptide–loaded HLA-A2(*0201)/ mouse IgG chimeras (Tax-A2/Ig) were used to demonstrate HTLV-I Tax-s ...
... TIA-1, which is thought to be specific for cytotoxic cells [17]. Collectively, the evidence supports a central role of HTLV-I– specific CD81 T cells in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. Recently, HTLV-I Tax peptide–loaded HLA-A2(*0201)/ mouse IgG chimeras (Tax-A2/Ig) were used to demonstrate HTLV-I Tax-s ...
Microenvironmental reprogramming by three
... dermal papillae were microdissected from adult human hair follicles and placed between the epidermis and dermis of dispase-separated foreskin tissue. On two occasions, recombined tissue, containing papillae from different male donors, was grafted onto the back of a SCID mouse for 6 wk (nine papillae ...
... dermal papillae were microdissected from adult human hair follicles and placed between the epidermis and dermis of dispase-separated foreskin tissue. On two occasions, recombined tissue, containing papillae from different male donors, was grafted onto the back of a SCID mouse for 6 wk (nine papillae ...
the process of selection of erythromycin
... studied, starting from the 10th fission, 2 sub-clones were thus maintained for a large number of generations in normal medium and tested every 10 fissions. Definition of the various types of cells. It is possible to estimate the number of EB mitochondria in a mixed cell using a formula reported by P ...
... studied, starting from the 10th fission, 2 sub-clones were thus maintained for a large number of generations in normal medium and tested every 10 fissions. Definition of the various types of cells. It is possible to estimate the number of EB mitochondria in a mixed cell using a formula reported by P ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... at lateral root emergence sites and root tips. Furthermore, cell wall-degrading endoglucanase and endopolygalacturonase secreted by PsJN explained how the bacterium gains entry into root internal tissues. Host defense reactions were observed in the exodermis and in several cortical cell layers. Bact ...
... at lateral root emergence sites and root tips. Furthermore, cell wall-degrading endoglucanase and endopolygalacturonase secreted by PsJN explained how the bacterium gains entry into root internal tissues. Host defense reactions were observed in the exodermis and in several cortical cell layers. Bact ...
Audible Sound in Form of Music Can Influence Microbial Growth
... When sounds of different tone, pitch, volume or frequency are integrated in a defined way, it produces music [2]. A sound wave can be viewed as a disturbance transported through a medium via particle interaction and hence it can be characterized as a mechanical wave. Based on its frequency, sound ca ...
... When sounds of different tone, pitch, volume or frequency are integrated in a defined way, it produces music [2]. A sound wave can be viewed as a disturbance transported through a medium via particle interaction and hence it can be characterized as a mechanical wave. Based on its frequency, sound ca ...
Receptor-like Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase Enhances Cell Surface
... 19 –24). In particular, PTP␣ mediates neural adhesion molecules NB-3 and Close Homolog of L1 (CHL1) signaling in developing layer V pyramidal neurons in the caudal cortex and is required for correct apical dendrite projection of these neurons in vivo (25). Dendrite development is an important proces ...
... 19 –24). In particular, PTP␣ mediates neural adhesion molecules NB-3 and Close Homolog of L1 (CHL1) signaling in developing layer V pyramidal neurons in the caudal cortex and is required for correct apical dendrite projection of these neurons in vivo (25). Dendrite development is an important proces ...
Neutrophil trails guide influenza-specific CD8+ T cells in the airways
... cell migration and retention. The predominant view in the field is that effector T cells home to the infection sites by following the prepatterned tissue-specific chemokine gradients created by the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune c ...
... cell migration and retention. The predominant view in the field is that effector T cells home to the infection sites by following the prepatterned tissue-specific chemokine gradients created by the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune c ...
Evidence for Distinct Amino Acid Transport Systems in
... All amino acids tested were evidently transported into the cells of the tobacco lines by carriers. The Lineweaver-Burk plots indicated in all cases the presence of more than one transport system for any single amino acid. The system or the systems ...
... All amino acids tested were evidently transported into the cells of the tobacco lines by carriers. The Lineweaver-Burk plots indicated in all cases the presence of more than one transport system for any single amino acid. The system or the systems ...
Role of N-Ras in Renal Fibrosis
... evidence suggests that proximal tubule epithelial cell (PTEC) injury leads to TIF and glomerulosclerosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and TGF1 are critical factors in Fibrosis. Ras GTPases (H-Ras, KA-Ras, KB-Ras & N-Ras) are small monomeric enzymatic proteins, which in a GTP bound active ...
... evidence suggests that proximal tubule epithelial cell (PTEC) injury leads to TIF and glomerulosclerosis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and TGF1 are critical factors in Fibrosis. Ras GTPases (H-Ras, KA-Ras, KB-Ras & N-Ras) are small monomeric enzymatic proteins, which in a GTP bound active ...
Differential Th17 CD4 T-cell depletion in pathogenic
... pathway in which memory CD4 T cells are defined based on their ability to produce either interferon (IFN)–␥ (Th1 cells) or interleukin (IL)–4 (Th2 cells).1 However, the exclusivity of this model has been challenged with the recent description of a CD4 T-cell subset (Th17 cells) that produces IL-17 a ...
... pathway in which memory CD4 T cells are defined based on their ability to produce either interferon (IFN)–␥ (Th1 cells) or interleukin (IL)–4 (Th2 cells).1 However, the exclusivity of this model has been challenged with the recent description of a CD4 T-cell subset (Th17 cells) that produces IL-17 a ...
Morphology and physiology of the marine straminipilan fungi, the
... carried out on their occurrence in oceanic waters. This paper reports results of our studies on aplanochytrids isolated from zooplankton specimens from the equatorial Indian Ocean. Morphological differences, G + C content of DNA, nitrogen uptake ability and molecular phylogeny of these organisms hav ...
... carried out on their occurrence in oceanic waters. This paper reports results of our studies on aplanochytrids isolated from zooplankton specimens from the equatorial Indian Ocean. Morphological differences, G + C content of DNA, nitrogen uptake ability and molecular phylogeny of these organisms hav ...
D:Int Agrophysics -2Cybulskacybulska.vp - Research
... vegetables. Geometrical dimensions of parenchyma cells are very small what makes impossible studying their mechanical properties in the natural state. An alternative is creating of a model artificial cell wall consisting of polysaccharides which imitate properties of the natural cell wall. Polysacch ...
... vegetables. Geometrical dimensions of parenchyma cells are very small what makes impossible studying their mechanical properties in the natural state. An alternative is creating of a model artificial cell wall consisting of polysaccharides which imitate properties of the natural cell wall. Polysacch ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.