DENTAL PLAQUE
... • Secondary colonizers are the microorganisms that do not initially colonize clean tooth surfaces, including Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella loescheii, Capnocytophaga spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. These microorganisms adhere to cells of bacteria already in the plaque ...
... • Secondary colonizers are the microorganisms that do not initially colonize clean tooth surfaces, including Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella loescheii, Capnocytophaga spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. These microorganisms adhere to cells of bacteria already in the plaque ...
hospital/institute/center - Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
... • Alterations in specific bacterial taxa ...
... • Alterations in specific bacterial taxa ...
Quantitative Analysis of Microvascular Structure
... consistently noted in capillaries of the tumor, blocking the blood stream temporarily. Due to discrepancies in microvascular morphology and lack of visible vascularization, large parts of this tumor seem to be inaccessible to tumor treatment. This implies that better vas cularization of these region ...
... consistently noted in capillaries of the tumor, blocking the blood stream temporarily. Due to discrepancies in microvascular morphology and lack of visible vascularization, large parts of this tumor seem to be inaccessible to tumor treatment. This implies that better vas cularization of these region ...
Amyloplast Formation in Cultured Tobacco BY
... Generally, starch storage organ development occurs in a series of specific temporal and spatial steps, which occur in phase with cell division and differentiation. These phases cannot be separated, and often occur simultaneously. Moreover, storage organs are highly organized and complex, making it d ...
... Generally, starch storage organ development occurs in a series of specific temporal and spatial steps, which occur in phase with cell division and differentiation. These phases cannot be separated, and often occur simultaneously. Moreover, storage organs are highly organized and complex, making it d ...
Comparison of an immortalized human corneal epithelial cell line
... in Table 1. While all the 10 (100%) strains were isolated in HCE, Vero yielded only 4/10 (40%) strains in the shell vial culture (P = 0.014) (Table 2). The HCE showed a statistically significant difference in the virus isolation rate with respect to Vero cells. An unexpected finding in this study wa ...
... in Table 1. While all the 10 (100%) strains were isolated in HCE, Vero yielded only 4/10 (40%) strains in the shell vial culture (P = 0.014) (Table 2). The HCE showed a statistically significant difference in the virus isolation rate with respect to Vero cells. An unexpected finding in this study wa ...
Muscle Injury and the Role of Myosatellite Cells in Muscle Healing
... indentation or a bump may be felt underneath the skin at the site of greatest pain. In a second-degree tear, muscle fibers have been torn but the tear does not go all the way through the thickness of the muscle. A third-degree tear is the most painful and serious type of tear. In a third-degree musc ...
... indentation or a bump may be felt underneath the skin at the site of greatest pain. In a second-degree tear, muscle fibers have been torn but the tear does not go all the way through the thickness of the muscle. A third-degree tear is the most painful and serious type of tear. In a third-degree musc ...
Amino acids substitutions in σ1 and μ1 outer capsid proteins of a
... 2.8. Rescue of infectious mutant viruses by reverse genetics Small-scale preparations of endotoxin-free plasmid DNA, corresponding to the different M2 and S1 genes were ...
... 2.8. Rescue of infectious mutant viruses by reverse genetics Small-scale preparations of endotoxin-free plasmid DNA, corresponding to the different M2 and S1 genes were ...
Critical regulation of CD4 T cell survival and autoimmunity by b
... of Arrb1 and Bcl2 in CD4+ T cells after activation. We found that in the first 2 d after CD4+ T cell activation, b-arrestin 1 and Bcl-2 protein gradually decreased but then mostly recovered by day 3 and remained high thereafter (Fig. 2a). To analyze the changes of Arrb1 and Bcl2 expression in more d ...
... of Arrb1 and Bcl2 in CD4+ T cells after activation. We found that in the first 2 d after CD4+ T cell activation, b-arrestin 1 and Bcl-2 protein gradually decreased but then mostly recovered by day 3 and remained high thereafter (Fig. 2a). To analyze the changes of Arrb1 and Bcl2 expression in more d ...
Newcastle disease virus may enter cells by caveolae
... entering the cell. However, when cells were treated with chlorpromazine, no decrease in virus infectivity was detected (Fig. 1b). Additionally, the reduction in virus infectivity was quantified with a plaque reduction assay in Vero cells, as detailed in Methods. Cells treated with PMA (10 mM) and ny ...
... entering the cell. However, when cells were treated with chlorpromazine, no decrease in virus infectivity was detected (Fig. 1b). Additionally, the reduction in virus infectivity was quantified with a plaque reduction assay in Vero cells, as detailed in Methods. Cells treated with PMA (10 mM) and ny ...
Treatment of experimental arthritis by inducing immune tolerance
... tissues. Besides their capacity to differentiate into mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal cell lineages (7,8) and their potential clinical application for the repair of damaged tissues, several recent studies have shown that bone marrow–derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) regulate the immune response, including in vi ...
... tissues. Besides their capacity to differentiate into mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal cell lineages (7,8) and their potential clinical application for the repair of damaged tissues, several recent studies have shown that bone marrow–derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) regulate the immune response, including in vi ...
PDF
... Douarin and Teillet, 1973) showed that the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the avian embryo arises from a specific axial level of the neural crest, and that the cells that originate from the neural crest appear to migrate a long distance to reach the gut wall. Although a neural crest origin of the E ...
... Douarin and Teillet, 1973) showed that the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the avian embryo arises from a specific axial level of the neural crest, and that the cells that originate from the neural crest appear to migrate a long distance to reach the gut wall. Although a neural crest origin of the E ...
Journal of Microbiological Methods
... (1999), for example, detected nitrifying bacteria in enrichment cultures of a wastewater treatment plant by antibodies, specific for nitrite-oxidoreductase. Also, Lin et al. (1996) used a similar approach to detect nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in marine environments. However, no comparable studies ...
... (1999), for example, detected nitrifying bacteria in enrichment cultures of a wastewater treatment plant by antibodies, specific for nitrite-oxidoreductase. Also, Lin et al. (1996) used a similar approach to detect nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in marine environments. However, no comparable studies ...
growth polarity and cytokinesis in fission yeast: the role of the
... these are integrated with other cellular events. In this paper we have shown that the two major growth transitions in the S. pombe cell cycle, that is, from monopolar to bipolar cell growth early in Gz (N E T O ), and the cessation of end growth and the initiation of cell division are accompanied by ...
... these are integrated with other cellular events. In this paper we have shown that the two major growth transitions in the S. pombe cell cycle, that is, from monopolar to bipolar cell growth early in Gz (N E T O ), and the cessation of end growth and the initiation of cell division are accompanied by ...
Dendritic cells express tight junction proteins and penetrate gut
... through specialized epithelial cells, called M cells, that are located in Peyer’s patches. However, Salmonella typhimurium that are deficient in invasion genes encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) are still able to reach the spleen after oral administration.This suggests the existence ...
... through specialized epithelial cells, called M cells, that are located in Peyer’s patches. However, Salmonella typhimurium that are deficient in invasion genes encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) are still able to reach the spleen after oral administration.This suggests the existence ...
bone matrix
... Cancer originating directly from bone cells (a primary bone tumor) is fairly uncommon (0.5% of all cancer deaths), although a cancer called osteosarcoma can arise in osteoprogenitor cells. The skeleton is often the site of secondary, metastatic tumors, however, arising when cancer cells move into ...
... Cancer originating directly from bone cells (a primary bone tumor) is fairly uncommon (0.5% of all cancer deaths), although a cancer called osteosarcoma can arise in osteoprogenitor cells. The skeleton is often the site of secondary, metastatic tumors, however, arising when cancer cells move into ...
What you need to know about stem cell therapies
... with patients. Most stem cell therapies are still considered research and are a long way from the clinic. Indeed, stem cell and other treatments must be tested in animals and then on humans and shown to be safe and effective before they can be made generally available to patients. Nevertheless, many ...
... with patients. Most stem cell therapies are still considered research and are a long way from the clinic. Indeed, stem cell and other treatments must be tested in animals and then on humans and shown to be safe and effective before they can be made generally available to patients. Nevertheless, many ...
Mechanisms of vertebrate segmentation
... That all higher organisms possess some segmental organization during their development is presumably no coincidence. Segmentation appears to be an important developmental strategy with which to build and diversify different body regions. It can be studied at many levels, ranging from molecule and ge ...
... That all higher organisms possess some segmental organization during their development is presumably no coincidence. Segmentation appears to be an important developmental strategy with which to build and diversify different body regions. It can be studied at many levels, ranging from molecule and ge ...
The Molecular Organization of Endothelial Cell to
... cadherins, also cytoplasmic junctional proteins (Geiger and Ginsberg, 1991). Classical cadherins (i.e., E-, N-, and P-cadherin) coimmunoprecipitate at least three cytoplasmic proteins, or-, ~, and "t-catenin (the latter is possibly identical with plakoglobin, Franke et al., 1989; Nagafuchi and Takei ...
... cadherins, also cytoplasmic junctional proteins (Geiger and Ginsberg, 1991). Classical cadherins (i.e., E-, N-, and P-cadherin) coimmunoprecipitate at least three cytoplasmic proteins, or-, ~, and "t-catenin (the latter is possibly identical with plakoglobin, Franke et al., 1989; Nagafuchi and Takei ...
Dissection of autophagy in tobacco BY-2 cells
... on this ATPase.24-26 Concanamaycin A inhibits vacuolar HCATPase activity and the acidification of organelles more strongly than another inhibitor bafilomycin A1.27 Since acidic organelles function in a variety of cellular processes, they have various effects on cellular physiology.28-30 In Chara cel ...
... on this ATPase.24-26 Concanamaycin A inhibits vacuolar HCATPase activity and the acidification of organelles more strongly than another inhibitor bafilomycin A1.27 Since acidic organelles function in a variety of cellular processes, they have various effects on cellular physiology.28-30 In Chara cel ...
Early Cell Cycle Entry and Cell Division Murine Neonatal
... RAG2⫺/⫺ hosts (Fig. 2, right column). Together, these results indicate that faster kinetics of proliferation is a universal phenomenon among neonatal T cell populations—it occurs both in vivo and in vitro, it occurs in several strains of mice, and it occurs whether stimulation is through the CD3/TCR ...
... RAG2⫺/⫺ hosts (Fig. 2, right column). Together, these results indicate that faster kinetics of proliferation is a universal phenomenon among neonatal T cell populations—it occurs both in vivo and in vitro, it occurs in several strains of mice, and it occurs whether stimulation is through the CD3/TCR ...
The Cell - University of South Carolina
... resolve cell components in the using a light microscope. In this particular nerve cell, the nucleolus is large and the DNA in the nucleus is fully extended in a form that is called euchromatin. The combination of the extended DNA and the large nucleolus is indicative of very active protein synthesis ...
... resolve cell components in the using a light microscope. In this particular nerve cell, the nucleolus is large and the DNA in the nucleus is fully extended in a form that is called euchromatin. The combination of the extended DNA and the large nucleolus is indicative of very active protein synthesis ...
Phenotypic Analysis of Temperature-Sensitive Yeast Actin Mutants.
... sembly. At the permissive temperature actl-1 cells form only faint cables, difficult to record photographically, and bright patches appear on both mother and bud (Figure 2A). Often there is a concentration of patches at the neck of the bud. Permissively grown actl-2 cells exhibit a different phenoty ...
... sembly. At the permissive temperature actl-1 cells form only faint cables, difficult to record photographically, and bright patches appear on both mother and bud (Figure 2A). Often there is a concentration of patches at the neck of the bud. Permissively grown actl-2 cells exhibit a different phenoty ...
Ultrastructure of the Pulmonary Alveolar Cells of Rats Exposed to
... Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abstract: The ultrastructural pulmonary changes which can be induced by Arabian incense, Ma'amoul (mixing incense) exposure was investigated in the present study. Two groups of Wister albino rats were used, one gro ...
... Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abstract: The ultrastructural pulmonary changes which can be induced by Arabian incense, Ma'amoul (mixing incense) exposure was investigated in the present study. Two groups of Wister albino rats were used, one gro ...
A Mechanosensory System Controls Cell Shape Changes During
... cytokinesis fidelity as monitoring chromosome spindle attachment. Symmetrical cell division would help ensure that the chromosomes are segregated properly. While the spindle pulls the chromosomes evenly into the two hemispheres of the mother cell, the cleavage furrow must then invaginate through the ...
... cytokinesis fidelity as monitoring chromosome spindle attachment. Symmetrical cell division would help ensure that the chromosomes are segregated properly. While the spindle pulls the chromosomes evenly into the two hemispheres of the mother cell, the cleavage furrow must then invaginate through the ...
When Cells Become Organelle Donors
... prevented by blocking nanotube formation or when the transferred mitochondria are dysfunctional due to ethidium bromide pretreatment (29). Although most studies of intercellular organelle transfer focus on the beneficial effects of the transfer, it is less clear whether intercellular organelle trans ...
... prevented by blocking nanotube formation or when the transferred mitochondria are dysfunctional due to ethidium bromide pretreatment (29). Although most studies of intercellular organelle transfer focus on the beneficial effects of the transfer, it is less clear whether intercellular organelle trans ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.