The NK2.1 receptor is encoded by Ly-49C and its
... A dual receptor system composed of activation and inhibitory receptors apparently controls NK cell-mediated lysis. In the C57BL/6 mouse, the NK1.1 molecule acts as an activation receptor whereas Ly-49A, C and G2 can inhibit NK cell lysis of target cells expressing specific MHC class I molecules. We ...
... A dual receptor system composed of activation and inhibitory receptors apparently controls NK cell-mediated lysis. In the C57BL/6 mouse, the NK1.1 molecule acts as an activation receptor whereas Ly-49A, C and G2 can inhibit NK cell lysis of target cells expressing specific MHC class I molecules. We ...
The Role of Endocytosis in the Creation of the Cortical Division Zone
... and RanGAP1, a negative regulator of the small GTPase Ran, are accumulated in the PPB and remain there after the disappearance of the PPB MTs (Rasmussen et al., 2011; Walker et al., 2007; Xu et al., 2008). These are candidates of ”positive memory“ molecules. Together, the ”positive“ and ”negative“ m ...
... and RanGAP1, a negative regulator of the small GTPase Ran, are accumulated in the PPB and remain there after the disappearance of the PPB MTs (Rasmussen et al., 2011; Walker et al., 2007; Xu et al., 2008). These are candidates of ”positive memory“ molecules. Together, the ”positive“ and ”negative“ m ...
IDEXX Urine Sediment Guide
... 1. Label your slides appropriately. 2. Fill a centrifuge tube with well-mixed, fresh urine taken from the bottom of the sample tube. 3. Centrifuge the sample (and a balance tube) on the Urine setting (or 400 g). Note: If your centrifuge does not have a Urine setting, refer to its operator's manua ...
... 1. Label your slides appropriately. 2. Fill a centrifuge tube with well-mixed, fresh urine taken from the bottom of the sample tube. 3. Centrifuge the sample (and a balance tube) on the Urine setting (or 400 g). Note: If your centrifuge does not have a Urine setting, refer to its operator's manua ...
Blue Light-Dependent Nuclear Positioning in
... hair cells and guard mother cells, the nucleus migrates to the prospective division plane (for a review, see Britz 1979). In wounded tissues, nuclei in cells adjacent to the wound exhibit a characteristic pattern of movement before they enter a division cycle (for a review, see Nagai 1993). In the m ...
... hair cells and guard mother cells, the nucleus migrates to the prospective division plane (for a review, see Britz 1979). In wounded tissues, nuclei in cells adjacent to the wound exhibit a characteristic pattern of movement before they enter a division cycle (for a review, see Nagai 1993). In the m ...
Thiorhodospira sibirica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new alkaliphilic purple
... van Gemerden & Mas, 1995). They are commonly found in freshwater lakes and springs as well as in marine and hypersaline habitats, van Niel(l93 1) noted that purple sulfur bacteria prefer to grow in alkaline environments. However, pure cultures of most species show optimum growth rates at pH 6.5-7.6 ...
... van Gemerden & Mas, 1995). They are commonly found in freshwater lakes and springs as well as in marine and hypersaline habitats, van Niel(l93 1) noted that purple sulfur bacteria prefer to grow in alkaline environments. However, pure cultures of most species show optimum growth rates at pH 6.5-7.6 ...
Human stem cell aging: do mitochondrial DNA mutations have a
... mutations on stem cell function One plausible explanation is the individual stem cell niche and microenvironment. The maintenance of somatic stem cells relies upon a balance between self-renewal and differentiation, which is regulated partly by signaling and physiological ROS molecules (Hamanaka and ...
... mutations on stem cell function One plausible explanation is the individual stem cell niche and microenvironment. The maintenance of somatic stem cells relies upon a balance between self-renewal and differentiation, which is regulated partly by signaling and physiological ROS molecules (Hamanaka and ...
University of Groningen Carbohydrate production by
... nutrient limitation of microbial degradation. Upon prolonged degradation times carbohydrates self-assemble into hydrogels. This may have a profound effect on carbon cycling, since hydrogels provide a vehicle to move DOM up the size spectrum to sizes subject to sedimentation. In addition, it changes ...
... nutrient limitation of microbial degradation. Upon prolonged degradation times carbohydrates self-assemble into hydrogels. This may have a profound effect on carbon cycling, since hydrogels provide a vehicle to move DOM up the size spectrum to sizes subject to sedimentation. In addition, it changes ...
Formation Costimulation in Immunological Synapse Live
... of costimulation involves B7 molecules (CD80 and CD86) on APC and their receptor on T cells, CD28. Numerous studies have shown that B7/CD28 ligation enhances proliferation and IL-2 secretion by CD4⫹ T cells (13, 14). CD28 engagement is linked to cytoskeletal rearrangements upon TCR ligation (5, 15), ...
... of costimulation involves B7 molecules (CD80 and CD86) on APC and their receptor on T cells, CD28. Numerous studies have shown that B7/CD28 ligation enhances proliferation and IL-2 secretion by CD4⫹ T cells (13, 14). CD28 engagement is linked to cytoskeletal rearrangements upon TCR ligation (5, 15), ...
Plant Phosphoglycerolipids: The Gatekeepers of Vascular Cell
... intracellular distribution across all subcellular compartments (Hurley and Meyer, 2001; Phillips et al., 2006). Furthermore, the enzymes involved in phospholipid inter-conversion display largely exclusive subcellular localization patterns, suggesting that the dynamic inter-organelle communication mi ...
... intracellular distribution across all subcellular compartments (Hurley and Meyer, 2001; Phillips et al., 2006). Furthermore, the enzymes involved in phospholipid inter-conversion display largely exclusive subcellular localization patterns, suggesting that the dynamic inter-organelle communication mi ...
Recombinant Anti-CD4 antibody 13B8 - HAL
... We found that, in Jurkat T cells, rIgG1 13B8.2, a baculovirus-expressed recombinant IgG1 (rIgG1) anti-CD4 antibody [14, 15], induced accumulation/retention of CD4 inside membrane rafts, recruitment of TCR, CD3, kinases, adaptor proteins and PKC-, but excluded ZAP-70 and its downstream targets SLP- ...
... We found that, in Jurkat T cells, rIgG1 13B8.2, a baculovirus-expressed recombinant IgG1 (rIgG1) anti-CD4 antibody [14, 15], induced accumulation/retention of CD4 inside membrane rafts, recruitment of TCR, CD3, kinases, adaptor proteins and PKC-, but excluded ZAP-70 and its downstream targets SLP- ...
The Arabidopsis SPIKE1 Gene Is Required for Normal Cell Shape
... al., 1999; Fu et al., 2001). Much of leaf and cotton trichome growth is caused by polarized diffuse growth, and the resulting pharmacological sensitivities are quite different from those of pollen tubes. In general, microtubule-disrupting drugs block the initiation of polarized growth, and actin fil ...
... al., 1999; Fu et al., 2001). Much of leaf and cotton trichome growth is caused by polarized diffuse growth, and the resulting pharmacological sensitivities are quite different from those of pollen tubes. In general, microtubule-disrupting drugs block the initiation of polarized growth, and actin fil ...
Know More about Christmas
... Voc: open circuit voltage; Isc: short circuit current; Vow: max working voltage; Iow: max working current; Pthe=IscVoc: theoretical output power; Pmax=IowVow: the max output power; FF=Pmax/Pthe: filling factor; η=Pmax/Pin: the power efficiency. (Pin is the light intensity) ...
... Voc: open circuit voltage; Isc: short circuit current; Vow: max working voltage; Iow: max working current; Pthe=IscVoc: theoretical output power; Pmax=IowVow: the max output power; FF=Pmax/Pthe: filling factor; η=Pmax/Pin: the power efficiency. (Pin is the light intensity) ...
Wound Assessment - ADL Data Systems
... a. Category I - skin tears without tissue loss. In a linear type Category I skin tear, the epidermis and dermis have been pulled apart, as if an incision had been made. In a flap type Category I skin tear, the epidermal flap completely covers the dermis to within 1 mm of the wound margin. b. Categor ...
... a. Category I - skin tears without tissue loss. In a linear type Category I skin tear, the epidermis and dermis have been pulled apart, as if an incision had been made. In a flap type Category I skin tear, the epidermal flap completely covers the dermis to within 1 mm of the wound margin. b. Categor ...
The a4 Nicotinic Receptor Promotes CD4 T
... however, CD4 can also be expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, so we probed the a41 fraction with a CD16 Ab to assess the level of macrophage, neutrophil, and natural killer cells. As shown in Fig. 1A, the CD16 expression was lower than CD4 expression in the a41 fraction, suggesting that the ...
... however, CD4 can also be expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, so we probed the a41 fraction with a CD16 Ab to assess the level of macrophage, neutrophil, and natural killer cells. As shown in Fig. 1A, the CD16 expression was lower than CD4 expression in the a41 fraction, suggesting that the ...
Document
... The exact source of tuberculosis for swine is not always known. The organisms may be present in many areas of the swine environment or originate from only 1 source common to all animals. ...
... The exact source of tuberculosis for swine is not always known. The organisms may be present in many areas of the swine environment or originate from only 1 source common to all animals. ...
PDF
... At the time of fertilization, eggs contain a stockpile of maternal RNAs and proteins that are especially needed for the initial cleavage divisions (Howlett, 1986). There has been speculation that apart from the paternal genome, the spermatozoon may introduce extragenetic components of importance for ...
... At the time of fertilization, eggs contain a stockpile of maternal RNAs and proteins that are especially needed for the initial cleavage divisions (Howlett, 1986). There has been speculation that apart from the paternal genome, the spermatozoon may introduce extragenetic components of importance for ...
Potential effect of spliceosome inhibition in small cell lung
... therapeutic vulnerability in MYC-driven breast cancers, we evaluated the efficacy of a spliceosome inhibitor in SCLC cell lines and analyzed the correlation with MYC status. Among 23 SCLC cell lines examined, eight showed high MYC protein expression (> 80% positive cells) by immunohistochemistry (IH ...
... therapeutic vulnerability in MYC-driven breast cancers, we evaluated the efficacy of a spliceosome inhibitor in SCLC cell lines and analyzed the correlation with MYC status. Among 23 SCLC cell lines examined, eight showed high MYC protein expression (> 80% positive cells) by immunohistochemistry (IH ...
The origins of multicellular organisms
... alignment‐of‐fitness phase in which genetic similarity among cells prevents cell–cell conflict and an export‐of‐fitness phase in which cells become interdependent and collaborate in a sustained effort (reviewed by Folse and Roughgarden 2012). The first phase can be achieved by any “unicellular bottlenec ...
... alignment‐of‐fitness phase in which genetic similarity among cells prevents cell–cell conflict and an export‐of‐fitness phase in which cells become interdependent and collaborate in a sustained effort (reviewed by Folse and Roughgarden 2012). The first phase can be achieved by any “unicellular bottlenec ...
The Mechanisms and Mechanics of Archenteron Elongation during
... carried out using thefinite element method (Zienkiewicz, 1977; see Appendix); this method has proven useful in the mechanical modeling of a broad class of biological systems, including bone and connective tissues, such as arteries and lungs (Gallagher et ab, 1982). To apply finite element techniques ...
... carried out using thefinite element method (Zienkiewicz, 1977; see Appendix); this method has proven useful in the mechanical modeling of a broad class of biological systems, including bone and connective tissues, such as arteries and lungs (Gallagher et ab, 1982). To apply finite element techniques ...
glycolytic and associated enzymes of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus
... performed at 20° C so that maximal activity determinations were made within, and at the upper end of, the tolerated temperature range of this animal. For each enzyme, determinations of specific activities (as well as the corresponding nonspecific activities) were performed on 3-4 independently prepa ...
... performed at 20° C so that maximal activity determinations were made within, and at the upper end of, the tolerated temperature range of this animal. For each enzyme, determinations of specific activities (as well as the corresponding nonspecific activities) were performed on 3-4 independently prepa ...
MULLINEAUXLossOfTheSPHF2011FINAL
... and it has also been shown to be necessary for the insertion of the D1 protein, an essential photosystem II core protein [19]. Therefore thylakoid biogenesis mutants have so far fallen into two categories, either those which appear to directly affect thylakoid biogenesis (Vipp1), or those which resu ...
... and it has also been shown to be necessary for the insertion of the D1 protein, an essential photosystem II core protein [19]. Therefore thylakoid biogenesis mutants have so far fallen into two categories, either those which appear to directly affect thylakoid biogenesis (Vipp1), or those which resu ...
Capture of plasma membrane fragments from target
... showed that CD4⫹ T cells and B cells also perform trogocytosis (ie, they acquire membrane-anchored antigen in fragments of membrane).7,8 Trogocytosis has since also been reported for most other hematopoietic cells including natural killer (NK) cells (see RodaNavarro and Reyburn9 for a review), dendr ...
... showed that CD4⫹ T cells and B cells also perform trogocytosis (ie, they acquire membrane-anchored antigen in fragments of membrane).7,8 Trogocytosis has since also been reported for most other hematopoietic cells including natural killer (NK) cells (see RodaNavarro and Reyburn9 for a review), dendr ...
DENTAL PLAQUE
... • Secondary colonizers are the microorganisms that do not initially colonize clean tooth surfaces, including Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella loescheii, Capnocytophaga spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. These microorganisms adhere to cells of bacteria already in the plaque ...
... • Secondary colonizers are the microorganisms that do not initially colonize clean tooth surfaces, including Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella loescheii, Capnocytophaga spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. These microorganisms adhere to cells of bacteria already in the plaque ...
Growth of a Tryptophanase-producing Thermophile
... 1972)and the bacterium YLM-1 lyses living cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to acquire catalase, which is essential for its growth (Yamamoto et al., 1987). We have done screening tests to find thermophilic micro-organisms that produce heat-stable tryptophanase and P-tyrosinase, as possible replaceme ...
... 1972)and the bacterium YLM-1 lyses living cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to acquire catalase, which is essential for its growth (Yamamoto et al., 1987). We have done screening tests to find thermophilic micro-organisms that produce heat-stable tryptophanase and P-tyrosinase, as possible replaceme ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.