Strategies utilized by trophically diverse fungal
... plants and microorganisms are two ultimate outcomes of a continuum of interactions affecting plant productivity. Saprotrophs are relevant in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ...
... plants and microorganisms are two ultimate outcomes of a continuum of interactions affecting plant productivity. Saprotrophs are relevant in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ...
Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylases Have a Function
... xylem cells were labeled during their radial expansion, but surprisingly, more intense labeling was associated with xylem fibers during their secondary wall thickening (Figures 1D and 1F). The activity assay results indicated a function for XET in several tissues and cell types of the poplar stem, s ...
... xylem cells were labeled during their radial expansion, but surprisingly, more intense labeling was associated with xylem fibers during their secondary wall thickening (Figures 1D and 1F). The activity assay results indicated a function for XET in several tissues and cell types of the poplar stem, s ...
Molecular identification of 26 syntaxin genes and
... frames are interrupted by one to seven short introns, which all display the characteristics of Paramecium introns, i.e. bordering by 50 -GT and AG-30 and a size of 20–31 nucleotides (28,29). However, two genes, Ptsyx6-2 and Ptsyx13-1, appear to be pseudogenes because, if translated, both would produ ...
... frames are interrupted by one to seven short introns, which all display the characteristics of Paramecium introns, i.e. bordering by 50 -GT and AG-30 and a size of 20–31 nucleotides (28,29). However, two genes, Ptsyx6-2 and Ptsyx13-1, appear to be pseudogenes because, if translated, both would produ ...
Divergent Roles for Maize PAN1 and PAN2 Receptor
... (Figure 1, arrowhead 1 in A and arrowhead in B), becoming more enriched at the cell plate later in areas where the phragmoplast has already disassembled and as the cell plate is attaching to the mother cell wall (Fig. 1A, arrowheads 2 and 3). Shortly after completion of the new subsidiary cell wall, ...
... (Figure 1, arrowhead 1 in A and arrowhead in B), becoming more enriched at the cell plate later in areas where the phragmoplast has already disassembled and as the cell plate is attaching to the mother cell wall (Fig. 1A, arrowheads 2 and 3). Shortly after completion of the new subsidiary cell wall, ...
Feline Hepatic Support
... of these tissues to respond to changing metabolic demands. Substances like secretin are known to be produced and released from stomach mucosa. Secretin promotes secretion of pancreatic fluid and bicarbonate. Also supports parietal cell function. Bone meal – provides cellular factors from immune cell ...
... of these tissues to respond to changing metabolic demands. Substances like secretin are known to be produced and released from stomach mucosa. Secretin promotes secretion of pancreatic fluid and bicarbonate. Also supports parietal cell function. Bone meal – provides cellular factors from immune cell ...
The KASH domain protein MSP-300 plays an essential role
... Padmakumar et al., 2004; Starr and Han, 2002; Zhang et al., 2001; Zhen et al., 2002). Interestingly, genetic experiments have demonstrated that the nuclear envelope localization of the C. elegans KASH protein ANC-1 requires the function of the nuclear envelope SUN protein UNC-84 (Starr and Han, 2002 ...
... Padmakumar et al., 2004; Starr and Han, 2002; Zhang et al., 2001; Zhen et al., 2002). Interestingly, genetic experiments have demonstrated that the nuclear envelope localization of the C. elegans KASH protein ANC-1 requires the function of the nuclear envelope SUN protein UNC-84 (Starr and Han, 2002 ...
Postmortem Diagnosis of Anaphylaxis
... been a local reaction rather than a systemic shock. The group defined as anaphylaxis showed no specific anatomical lesions, and five of six individuals died within 30 minutes. The individuals included in the other groups had a longer survival time after the insect sting and the corresponding lesions ...
... been a local reaction rather than a systemic shock. The group defined as anaphylaxis showed no specific anatomical lesions, and five of six individuals died within 30 minutes. The individuals included in the other groups had a longer survival time after the insect sting and the corresponding lesions ...
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... In differentiating germline cysts, a second TRIM-NHL domain protein called Mei-P26 antagonizes the miRNA pathway (Neumuller et al., 2008). mei-P26 mutant ovaries display a germline tumor phenotype marked by the accumulation of undifferentiated multicellular cysts (Page et al., 2000; Neumuller et al. ...
... In differentiating germline cysts, a second TRIM-NHL domain protein called Mei-P26 antagonizes the miRNA pathway (Neumuller et al., 2008). mei-P26 mutant ovaries display a germline tumor phenotype marked by the accumulation of undifferentiated multicellular cysts (Page et al., 2000; Neumuller et al. ...
View PDF - G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
... promoter in cells incubated in sporulation medium for 2 hr, the vast majority of cells exhibit synchrony during premeiotic DNA replication and meiotic divisions. Inducing IME1 expression too early or too late affects the synchrony of sporulation. Surprisingly, our approach for synchronous sporulatio ...
... promoter in cells incubated in sporulation medium for 2 hr, the vast majority of cells exhibit synchrony during premeiotic DNA replication and meiotic divisions. Inducing IME1 expression too early or too late affects the synchrony of sporulation. Surprisingly, our approach for synchronous sporulatio ...
cell to cell interaction in the immune response v. target cells for
... sources were used to identify the precursors of antibody-forming cells. Thymus cells given together with SRBC failed to produce antibody-forming cells in irradiated mice, even when injected in very large numbers. A synergistic effect between thymus and marrow cells has, however, been described in su ...
... sources were used to identify the precursors of antibody-forming cells. Thymus cells given together with SRBC failed to produce antibody-forming cells in irradiated mice, even when injected in very large numbers. A synergistic effect between thymus and marrow cells has, however, been described in su ...
Descemet Stripping with Endothelial Keratoplasty
... significant difference in graft dislocation rate, six-month visual outcomes, and six-month endothelial cell loss (2007 ASCRS Annual Meeting). Graft detachments are mechanical in nature, and can potentially arise from viscoelastic or trapped fluid in the donor–host interface, geometrical mismatching ...
... significant difference in graft dislocation rate, six-month visual outcomes, and six-month endothelial cell loss (2007 ASCRS Annual Meeting). Graft detachments are mechanical in nature, and can potentially arise from viscoelastic or trapped fluid in the donor–host interface, geometrical mismatching ...
Breast Reconstruction with Tissue Expander
... There are a variety of surgical techniques for breast reconstruction. Breast cancer patients who are medically appropriate for breast reconstruction may consider tissue expander breast reconstruction, either immediately following mastectomy or at a later time. The best candidates, however, are women ...
... There are a variety of surgical techniques for breast reconstruction. Breast cancer patients who are medically appropriate for breast reconstruction may consider tissue expander breast reconstruction, either immediately following mastectomy or at a later time. The best candidates, however, are women ...
Compartments Target the Antigen to Distinct Intracellular B Cell
... early endosomes. Signals in the cytoplasmic tails of surface Ig and side-chains Ig␣ and Ig control the internalization and addressing of this receptor to the appropriate compartment. The mutation of one tyrosine (Y587) in the cytoplasmic tail of surface IgM does not affect the efficiency of Ag capt ...
... early endosomes. Signals in the cytoplasmic tails of surface Ig and side-chains Ig␣ and Ig control the internalization and addressing of this receptor to the appropriate compartment. The mutation of one tyrosine (Y587) in the cytoplasmic tail of surface IgM does not affect the efficiency of Ag capt ...
Agrin is required for survival and function of
... was reported by our group that agrin deficiency on bone marrow (BM) stroma leads to a defect in CD34⫹CD135⫺ LSK cell differentiation resulting in reduced cell numbers of all hematopoietic cell lineages.8 Our studies, as well as previous ones, indicated that the agrin receptor in hematopoietic cells ...
... was reported by our group that agrin deficiency on bone marrow (BM) stroma leads to a defect in CD34⫹CD135⫺ LSK cell differentiation resulting in reduced cell numbers of all hematopoietic cell lineages.8 Our studies, as well as previous ones, indicated that the agrin receptor in hematopoietic cells ...
Molecular characterization of carnitinedependent transport of
... Molecular characterization of carnitine-dependent transport of acetyl-CoA from peroxisomes to mitochondria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and identification of a plasma membrane carnitine ...
... Molecular characterization of carnitine-dependent transport of acetyl-CoA from peroxisomes to mitochondria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and identification of a plasma membrane carnitine ...
Mechanistic investigation into the actions of taurine on beta cells
... Taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonic acid) is a semi-essential amino acid, which is not incorporated into proteins. In mammalian tissues, taurine is ubiquitous and is the most abundant free amino acid in the heart, retina, skeletal muscle, brain, and leukocytes, exhibiting multiple functions and tissue-p ...
... Taurine (2-aminoethanesulphonic acid) is a semi-essential amino acid, which is not incorporated into proteins. In mammalian tissues, taurine is ubiquitous and is the most abundant free amino acid in the heart, retina, skeletal muscle, brain, and leukocytes, exhibiting multiple functions and tissue-p ...
Campbell Biology, 10e (Reece) Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell 1) The
... 50) Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization. A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to _____. A) divide in two B) contract muscle fibers C) extend pseudopodia D) move vesicles within a cell Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis Section: 6.6 51) Cells re ...
... 50) Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization. A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to _____. A) divide in two B) contract muscle fibers C) extend pseudopodia D) move vesicles within a cell Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: Application/Analysis Section: 6.6 51) Cells re ...
Defining the essential functional regions of the nucleoporin Nup145p
... remove a 2.7 kbp fragment and the resulting vector religated. The first 100 kDa (nup145-100) was placed in HIS3-CEN and URA3-2µ vectors by inserting the 4.8 kbp EcoRI fragment from pSW69 into pRS313 and pRS426 (Sikorski and Hieter, 1989) to form pSW360 and pSW249, respectively. pSW363, (nup145∆GLFG/ ...
... remove a 2.7 kbp fragment and the resulting vector religated. The first 100 kDa (nup145-100) was placed in HIS3-CEN and URA3-2µ vectors by inserting the 4.8 kbp EcoRI fragment from pSW69 into pRS313 and pRS426 (Sikorski and Hieter, 1989) to form pSW360 and pSW249, respectively. pSW363, (nup145∆GLFG/ ...
Hepatosplenic gamma/delta T-Cell Lymphoma in Bone Marrow A
... histiocytes was seen in 4 cases (cases 2, 3, 4, and 8). With disease progression, the degree of interstitial infiltration ❚Image 3A❚ and ❚Image 3B❚ and the percentage of medium to large cells increased ❚Image 3C❚, although a subpopulation of small atypical cells with irregular nuclear contours and c ...
... histiocytes was seen in 4 cases (cases 2, 3, 4, and 8). With disease progression, the degree of interstitial infiltration ❚Image 3A❚ and ❚Image 3B❚ and the percentage of medium to large cells increased ❚Image 3C❚, although a subpopulation of small atypical cells with irregular nuclear contours and c ...
Identification of fat-cell enhancer regions in Drosophila melanogaster
... mesoderm. In Drosophila, pair-rule genes such as evenskipped help to establish intrinsic differences between mesodermal cells in a metameric pattern along the anterior– posterior axis (Azpiazu et al., 1996), while along the dorsal–ventral axis, decapentaplegic (dpp) expression in the dorsal embryoni ...
... mesoderm. In Drosophila, pair-rule genes such as evenskipped help to establish intrinsic differences between mesodermal cells in a metameric pattern along the anterior– posterior axis (Azpiazu et al., 1996), while along the dorsal–ventral axis, decapentaplegic (dpp) expression in the dorsal embryoni ...
Two distinct sources for a population of maturing axial
... (ectoderm) layer of the caudal half of the node itself, overlying a domain of Foxa2 and T expression in the ventral (mesoderm) layer (Fig. 2A⬘,C⬘,E⬘,G⬘,I⬘). The expression of Wnt3a, Fgf8, T and Evx1 appeared to be complementary to a further Foxa2 expression domain in the ectoderm of the rostral half ...
... (ectoderm) layer of the caudal half of the node itself, overlying a domain of Foxa2 and T expression in the ventral (mesoderm) layer (Fig. 2A⬘,C⬘,E⬘,G⬘,I⬘). The expression of Wnt3a, Fgf8, T and Evx1 appeared to be complementary to a further Foxa2 expression domain in the ectoderm of the rostral half ...
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... hours of incubation, G2 was found to be bound in all the cultures tested, except in culture 16 and 29 where it was bound at 0 hour. By 4 hours of incubation majority of aflatoxin was bound to the cells. However, in isolate 29, G1 and G2 were absent. G1 was absent in both culture and supernatant at 2 ...
... hours of incubation, G2 was found to be bound in all the cultures tested, except in culture 16 and 29 where it was bound at 0 hour. By 4 hours of incubation majority of aflatoxin was bound to the cells. However, in isolate 29, G1 and G2 were absent. G1 was absent in both culture and supernatant at 2 ...
Essential roles of the Fas-Fas ligand pathway in the development of
... predominantly in activated T lymphocytes and natural killer cells (2). FasL is one of the major effector molecules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes such as CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T-helper 1–type T cells (3–5). In the immune system, Fas and FasL are involved in downregulation of immune reactions (6–8). Malf ...
... predominantly in activated T lymphocytes and natural killer cells (2). FasL is one of the major effector molecules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes such as CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T-helper 1–type T cells (3–5). In the immune system, Fas and FasL are involved in downregulation of immune reactions (6–8). Malf ...
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... Catalase (–): CGD can kill Cat (–) bacteria (strep B), since they produce own peroxide Catalase (+): CGD can’t kill Cat (+) bacteria (E. coli), since they break down peroxide Myeloperoxidase Deficiency – more common, defect in hyperchlorous acid (HOCl), usually clinically silent, although bacter ...
... Catalase (–): CGD can kill Cat (–) bacteria (strep B), since they produce own peroxide Catalase (+): CGD can’t kill Cat (+) bacteria (E. coli), since they break down peroxide Myeloperoxidase Deficiency – more common, defect in hyperchlorous acid (HOCl), usually clinically silent, although bacter ...
Yantar, a conserved arginine-rich protein is involved in Drosophila
... of these mutations (5E24, 5K29, and 3A8) were selected because of their reproducible and fairly penetrant melanotic tumor phenotype, and we named their corresponding genes yantar (ytr), polka dots (pkdt), and splotchy (splo). Hemocytes from these mutants were visualized after immunostaining using tw ...
... of these mutations (5E24, 5K29, and 3A8) were selected because of their reproducible and fairly penetrant melanotic tumor phenotype, and we named their corresponding genes yantar (ytr), polka dots (pkdt), and splotchy (splo). Hemocytes from these mutants were visualized after immunostaining using tw ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.