Ex vivo processing for maturation of Arabidopsis
... (Toyooka et al. 2000; Okamoto et al. 2003). RcCysEP is synthesized as a pre-pro-enzyme and is co-translationally transferred into the ER, where the presequence is removed. The pro-enzyme is transported from the ER to the cytoplasm of the senescing cells in the form of ER-derived ribosome studded ric ...
... (Toyooka et al. 2000; Okamoto et al. 2003). RcCysEP is synthesized as a pre-pro-enzyme and is co-translationally transferred into the ER, where the presequence is removed. The pro-enzyme is transported from the ER to the cytoplasm of the senescing cells in the form of ER-derived ribosome studded ric ...
Microtechnologies for Cell Microenvironment Control and
... behavior, by biophysical, biochemical or other pathways. As previously stated, those factors can be classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical properties of classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical ...
... behavior, by biophysical, biochemical or other pathways. As previously stated, those factors can be classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical properties of classified in: ECM, cells surrounding a single cell, soluble factors, topography or physical ...
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... different from that of the odontoblasts, because the same DON concentrations which inhibited the differentiation of odontoblast had no effect on that of ameloblasts. For ameloblast determination actual contacts between, the epithelial and the mesenchymal cells have been considered necessary (Kallenb ...
... different from that of the odontoblasts, because the same DON concentrations which inhibited the differentiation of odontoblast had no effect on that of ameloblasts. For ameloblast determination actual contacts between, the epithelial and the mesenchymal cells have been considered necessary (Kallenb ...
Activators of the farnesoid X receptor negatively regulate androgen
... the predominant androgen metabolites found in circulation in men [2]. Whereas glucuronidation is generally considered as a hepatic detoxification mechanism, extrahepatic glucuronidation is now established as an efficient way to locally inactivate endogenous bioactive molecules [2,3]. This is particu ...
... the predominant androgen metabolites found in circulation in men [2]. Whereas glucuronidation is generally considered as a hepatic detoxification mechanism, extrahepatic glucuronidation is now established as an efficient way to locally inactivate endogenous bioactive molecules [2,3]. This is particu ...
Cellular Computing
... – DNA is a storage medium for programs – There is evidence for abstract structure in the genetic program A hierarchy of structure in complex organisms An ability to mutuate one structure at a time Divergent implementations of the same structure – Gene expression is the means of execution ...
... – DNA is a storage medium for programs – There is evidence for abstract structure in the genetic program A hierarchy of structure in complex organisms An ability to mutuate one structure at a time Divergent implementations of the same structure – Gene expression is the means of execution ...
Glucocorticoid-Induced Plasma Membrane Depolarization during
... intracellular environment caused by the loss of potassium is required for subsequent activation of caspase 3-like enzymes and DNA degradation (15–17). Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that antiFas antibody treatment of human Jurkat T cells led to sustained depolarization of the plasma m ...
... intracellular environment caused by the loss of potassium is required for subsequent activation of caspase 3-like enzymes and DNA degradation (15–17). Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that antiFas antibody treatment of human Jurkat T cells led to sustained depolarization of the plasma m ...
Cell Membrane Electroporation—Part 2
... and chemical extraction (such as alkaline lysis) are the principal methods. The main disadvantage of both is that cellular organelles (which are special subunits within a cell with specific functions, such as cell breathing, protein production, DNA maintenance) are also destroyed, and residual cell ...
... and chemical extraction (such as alkaline lysis) are the principal methods. The main disadvantage of both is that cellular organelles (which are special subunits within a cell with specific functions, such as cell breathing, protein production, DNA maintenance) are also destroyed, and residual cell ...
transcription factor foxc2 demarcates the jugular lymphangiogenic
... expression of cFoxC2 now overlaps with that of Prox1 in the confluence of the anterior and posterior cardinal veins (Fig 2B,C). The expression domain in the lateral plate is adjacent to somites 8-11/12. Studies on murine embryos have shown that FoxC2 is expressed in both the veins and the surroundin ...
... expression of cFoxC2 now overlaps with that of Prox1 in the confluence of the anterior and posterior cardinal veins (Fig 2B,C). The expression domain in the lateral plate is adjacent to somites 8-11/12. Studies on murine embryos have shown that FoxC2 is expressed in both the veins and the surroundin ...
Delamination of neural crest cells requires transient
... model of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that is influenced by Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Using two in vivo models, we show that Wnt/β-catenin signalling is transiently inhibited at the time of NC delamination. In attempting to define the mechanism underlying this inhibition, we ...
... model of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that is influenced by Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Using two in vivo models, we show that Wnt/β-catenin signalling is transiently inhibited at the time of NC delamination. In attempting to define the mechanism underlying this inhibition, we ...
Circuits that build visual cortical receptive fields
... subregions were elongated and side by side. This observation was interesting because the new geometric configuration correlated with the emergence of neural sensitivity to stimulus orientation. In the thalamus, a bar of any orientation drove cells vigorously. Cortical cells responded briskly to a st ...
... subregions were elongated and side by side. This observation was interesting because the new geometric configuration correlated with the emergence of neural sensitivity to stimulus orientation. In the thalamus, a bar of any orientation drove cells vigorously. Cortical cells responded briskly to a st ...
informed consent – juvéderm® ultra/ultra plus filler injection
... Female Patient Information: It is important to inform your plastic surgeon if you use birth control pills, estrogen replacement, or if you suspect you may be pregnant. Many medications including antibiotics may neutralize the preventive effect of birth control pills, allowing for conception and preg ...
... Female Patient Information: It is important to inform your plastic surgeon if you use birth control pills, estrogen replacement, or if you suspect you may be pregnant. Many medications including antibiotics may neutralize the preventive effect of birth control pills, allowing for conception and preg ...
between TLRs and FcRs Polyfunctional Th Cells by Cross
... because IL-17 induces production of granulocyte-stimulating factor, which favors an increased presence of neutrophils at sites of infection. Recently, it was found that GM-CSF–producing Th cell subsets are involved in the initiation of autoimmune disease (16). Lipid mediators, such as arachidonic ac ...
... because IL-17 induces production of granulocyte-stimulating factor, which favors an increased presence of neutrophils at sites of infection. Recently, it was found that GM-CSF–producing Th cell subsets are involved in the initiation of autoimmune disease (16). Lipid mediators, such as arachidonic ac ...
MCDB 4650 Class 19 Patterning of the Limb
... If you a produce a chick with cardia bifida by separating the two heart primordia, what experiment would convince you that each of the two heart were complete, functioning hearts rather than two half hearts? a. If they were both beating b. If they both looped c. If they both expressed left and righ ...
... If you a produce a chick with cardia bifida by separating the two heart primordia, what experiment would convince you that each of the two heart were complete, functioning hearts rather than two half hearts? a. If they were both beating b. If they both looped c. If they both expressed left and righ ...
Uptake of glutamate, not glutamine synthetase, regulates adaptation
... development of a glutamine-free medium which could support cell growth would be attractive. One approach to the formulation of a glutamine-free medium is to utilise a glutamine analogue which is less ammoniagenic. There are numerous reports of the ability of high concentrations (20 mM) of glutamic a ...
... development of a glutamine-free medium which could support cell growth would be attractive. One approach to the formulation of a glutamine-free medium is to utilise a glutamine analogue which is less ammoniagenic. There are numerous reports of the ability of high concentrations (20 mM) of glutamic a ...
Evo-engineering and the Cellular and Molecular Origins of
... Understanding their origin will provide insights into the emergence of circuits and their relationship to the rest of the organs in the body. Much of our appreciation of the development of the nervous system is derived from interpretations of two experiments in amphibian embryos. The first one is th ...
... Understanding their origin will provide insights into the emergence of circuits and their relationship to the rest of the organs in the body. Much of our appreciation of the development of the nervous system is derived from interpretations of two experiments in amphibian embryos. The first one is th ...
Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence reveals stage specific patterns
... During embryonic development cells differentiate by a coordinated process of changes in gene expression that subsequently lead to changes in the types and levels of proteins, as well as alterations in cellular structure. In addition to these changes, the organelles in cells may also differentiate wi ...
... During embryonic development cells differentiate by a coordinated process of changes in gene expression that subsequently lead to changes in the types and levels of proteins, as well as alterations in cellular structure. In addition to these changes, the organelles in cells may also differentiate wi ...
The regulation of Krox-20 expression reveals important steps in the
... Acquisition of Krox-20 inducibility at 15.5 dpc coincides with precursor to Schwann cell transition Since the expression of Krox-20 in the PNS involves axonal signalling, the activation of the gene in vivo at 15.5 dpc raises an important question: is this the consequence of a change in the neurons, ...
... Acquisition of Krox-20 inducibility at 15.5 dpc coincides with precursor to Schwann cell transition Since the expression of Krox-20 in the PNS involves axonal signalling, the activation of the gene in vivo at 15.5 dpc raises an important question: is this the consequence of a change in the neurons, ...
Embryonic stem cells assume a primitive neural stem cell fate in the
... Kaufman, 1981; Martin, 1981). ES cells are capable of generating entire viable mice in vivo (Nagy et al., 1993) and are able to produce most, if not all, cell types in vitro (Beddington and Robertson, 1989; Rathjen and Rathjen, 2001; Wobus, 2001). Use of ES cells to investigate neural determination ...
... Kaufman, 1981; Martin, 1981). ES cells are capable of generating entire viable mice in vivo (Nagy et al., 1993) and are able to produce most, if not all, cell types in vitro (Beddington and Robertson, 1989; Rathjen and Rathjen, 2001; Wobus, 2001). Use of ES cells to investigate neural determination ...
Limbal stem cell deficiency and its management
... eyelid disease and dry eye need to be optimised. Lid margin malposition (cicatricial entropion) and trichiasis need to be treated. Punctal occlusion and lateral tarsorrhaphy may be necessary to reduce dry eye. Only once eyelid disease and dry eye have been treated effectively should one consider sur ...
... eyelid disease and dry eye need to be optimised. Lid margin malposition (cicatricial entropion) and trichiasis need to be treated. Punctal occlusion and lateral tarsorrhaphy may be necessary to reduce dry eye. Only once eyelid disease and dry eye have been treated effectively should one consider sur ...
BMP Induction of Id Proteins Suppresses Differentiation
... employed to bypass gp130 stimulation and support ES cell expansion (Matsuda et al., 1999). A conclusion that STAT3 activation is sufficient to effect self-renewal is premature, however, because the presence of fetal calf serum in these studies masks the possible requirement for other inputs. ES cell ...
... employed to bypass gp130 stimulation and support ES cell expansion (Matsuda et al., 1999). A conclusion that STAT3 activation is sufficient to effect self-renewal is premature, however, because the presence of fetal calf serum in these studies masks the possible requirement for other inputs. ES cell ...
Magnesium, Iron and Zinc Alloys, the Trifecta of Bioresorbable
... of torque [3]. Additionally, the degradation products from many types of polymers typically have high chances of causing negative tissue reactions within the patient, generating inflammatory responses, swelling, and subsequent cytotoxicity [1,34]. The degradation speed of these potential implants al ...
... of torque [3]. Additionally, the degradation products from many types of polymers typically have high chances of causing negative tissue reactions within the patient, generating inflammatory responses, swelling, and subsequent cytotoxicity [1,34]. The degradation speed of these potential implants al ...
Strategies utilized by trophically diverse fungal
... plants and microorganisms are two ultimate outcomes of a continuum of interactions affecting plant productivity. Saprotrophs are relevant in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ...
... plants and microorganisms are two ultimate outcomes of a continuum of interactions affecting plant productivity. Saprotrophs are relevant in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ...
Enzymology of Plasma Membranes of Insect Intestinal Cells`
... midgut. The foregut is of ectodermal origin and its epithelial cells are covered by cuticle. The midgut may be only a simple tube (ventriculus) or it may be a tube with blind sacs (gastric caeca) branching from FIG. 1. Diagram of the digestive tract of an insect. its anterior end (Fig. 2). It is fre ...
... midgut. The foregut is of ectodermal origin and its epithelial cells are covered by cuticle. The midgut may be only a simple tube (ventriculus) or it may be a tube with blind sacs (gastric caeca) branching from FIG. 1. Diagram of the digestive tract of an insect. its anterior end (Fig. 2). It is fre ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.