Cryoelectron Tomography: Implications for Actin Cytoskeleton
... formed filaments. These processes are under the control of dozens of actin-binding proteins and protein complexes, whose repertoire is similar in Dictyostelium to that in neutrophils and other fast moving animal cells.22 Of particular importance are the sites where actin filaments make contacts with ...
... formed filaments. These processes are under the control of dozens of actin-binding proteins and protein complexes, whose repertoire is similar in Dictyostelium to that in neutrophils and other fast moving animal cells.22 Of particular importance are the sites where actin filaments make contacts with ...
Mechanisms of convergence and extension by cell intercalation
... force generated elsewhere and the true function of the wild-type gene could be to increase the deformability of the tissue, allowing it to be stretched and narrowed by the active tissue. (b) Why study convergence and extension ? These movements present a major challenge and an opportunity to underst ...
... force generated elsewhere and the true function of the wild-type gene could be to increase the deformability of the tissue, allowing it to be stretched and narrowed by the active tissue. (b) Why study convergence and extension ? These movements present a major challenge and an opportunity to underst ...
Developmental genetics of the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx
... are multinucleate as a result of cell fusions. There are five types of pharyngeal cells: neurons (20), muscles (20 cells; 37 nuclei), marginal cells (9), epithelial cells (9), and gland cells (4 cells; 5 nuclei). The muscle cells and marginal cells form a single-cell-thick tube with trifold symmetry ...
... are multinucleate as a result of cell fusions. There are five types of pharyngeal cells: neurons (20), muscles (20 cells; 37 nuclei), marginal cells (9), epithelial cells (9), and gland cells (4 cells; 5 nuclei). The muscle cells and marginal cells form a single-cell-thick tube with trifold symmetry ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... tissue, mechanical coupling and physiological reconstitution is still incomplete. The investigations performed at the level of cell cultures have generated valuable data, but of limited relevance to predict the effects of in vivo transplantation [23]. The multi-cellular in vitro models, such as mono ...
... tissue, mechanical coupling and physiological reconstitution is still incomplete. The investigations performed at the level of cell cultures have generated valuable data, but of limited relevance to predict the effects of in vivo transplantation [23]. The multi-cellular in vitro models, such as mono ...
pdf: Baskin 2013
... some plant cell biologists have used apical for cell polarity with reference to the shoot apex only, so that under their terminology apical points away from the root’s apex; however, an alternative terminology for cell polarity has been recently proposed.4 In any case, here, anatomy rather than cell ...
... some plant cell biologists have used apical for cell polarity with reference to the shoot apex only, so that under their terminology apical points away from the root’s apex; however, an alternative terminology for cell polarity has been recently proposed.4 In any case, here, anatomy rather than cell ...
A Cellular Adventure
... Lysosome: Yeah, I do get very full. Sometimes I feel like I’m going to burst. All of the organelles mumble “Oh, no… don’t burst!” Ryan: Well, what’s wrong with that? Lysosome: Remember when I said that I was full of digestive enzymes? Ryan: Yeah, but what does that have to do with anything? Lysosom ...
... Lysosome: Yeah, I do get very full. Sometimes I feel like I’m going to burst. All of the organelles mumble “Oh, no… don’t burst!” Ryan: Well, what’s wrong with that? Lysosome: Remember when I said that I was full of digestive enzymes? Ryan: Yeah, but what does that have to do with anything? Lysosom ...
Bacterial chromosome segregation
... rounds of replication are initiated. Thus, the newly formed daughter cells have at least two oriC replication origins, located in the opposite halves of the cell, and about 50% of the chromosome already replicated (Lau et al., 2003). In contrast to eukaryotic cells, chromosome segregation and cell d ...
... rounds of replication are initiated. Thus, the newly formed daughter cells have at least two oriC replication origins, located in the opposite halves of the cell, and about 50% of the chromosome already replicated (Lau et al., 2003). In contrast to eukaryotic cells, chromosome segregation and cell d ...
Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells in the Spotlight: The Satellite Cell
... and members of a larger family of Pax transcription factors involved in cell type and organ determination during embryogenesis of multicellular animals. The Pax proteins are characterized by their DNA-binding domains that include a paired domain and a homeodomain [103, 104]. Both Pax3 and Pax7 are e ...
... and members of a larger family of Pax transcription factors involved in cell type and organ determination during embryogenesis of multicellular animals. The Pax proteins are characterized by their DNA-binding domains that include a paired domain and a homeodomain [103, 104]. Both Pax3 and Pax7 are e ...
RNA interference screening in Drosophila primary cells for genes
... from Dmef2-Gal4 embryos were mixed with those from UAS-2EGFP and allowed to develop for 48 hours at 18°C in culture. The GFP-positive myotube (G, and green in I) resulted from fusion of cells supplied by two genetically different embryos, and the GFP-negative one is most likely derived from the fusi ...
... from Dmef2-Gal4 embryos were mixed with those from UAS-2EGFP and allowed to develop for 48 hours at 18°C in culture. The GFP-positive myotube (G, and green in I) resulted from fusion of cells supplied by two genetically different embryos, and the GFP-negative one is most likely derived from the fusi ...
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
... FiG. 2. Influence of diumycin and vanccomycin on The effect of various diumycin concentrations on cell wall synthesis by S. aurues. Exponentrially grow- peptidoglycan synthesis by an extremely active ing cells were twice washed with wall mediium and re- particulate preparation of B. stearothermophil ...
... FiG. 2. Influence of diumycin and vanccomycin on The effect of various diumycin concentrations on cell wall synthesis by S. aurues. Exponentrially grow- peptidoglycan synthesis by an extremely active ing cells were twice washed with wall mediium and re- particulate preparation of B. stearothermophil ...
Colloidal Gold-Mediated Delivery of Bleomycin for Improved
... to tumors while causing minimum side effects. Many of the side effects of anticancer drugs are caused because of their nonspecific attack on all rapidly dividing cells. Hence, GNPs can be used to resolve certain limitations in chemotherapy such as side effects through targeting and effective loading ...
... to tumors while causing minimum side effects. Many of the side effects of anticancer drugs are caused because of their nonspecific attack on all rapidly dividing cells. Hence, GNPs can be used to resolve certain limitations in chemotherapy such as side effects through targeting and effective loading ...
Middle East Jeopardy - Central Kitsap Junior High
... Traps energy from the sun to make glucose. Chloroplast ...
... Traps energy from the sun to make glucose. Chloroplast ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint
... Mitochondria provide most of the energy needed to keep your cells (and you) alive. They consume oxygen and organic substrates, and they generate carbon dioxide and ATP. ...
... Mitochondria provide most of the energy needed to keep your cells (and you) alive. They consume oxygen and organic substrates, and they generate carbon dioxide and ATP. ...
- Mochtar Riady Institute
... in their immunoregulatory function. Our result was also supported by a study on the effect of glycosylation on AFP foldability and conformational structure performed by others [13]. Using reversed-phase column HPLC to analyze two AFP variants: glycosylated cord blood-derived AFP and non-glycosylated ...
... in their immunoregulatory function. Our result was also supported by a study on the effect of glycosylation on AFP foldability and conformational structure performed by others [13]. Using reversed-phase column HPLC to analyze two AFP variants: glycosylated cord blood-derived AFP and non-glycosylated ...
PDF
... chaperones, such as HJURP in mammals, Scm3 in fission yeast, Sim3 in budding yeast (reviewed in De Rop et al., 2012) or more recently CAL1 in Drosophila (Chen et al., 2014), were found to be required for CENH3 deposition at centromeres. Each of these chaperones was shown to selectively bind CENH3, an ...
... chaperones, such as HJURP in mammals, Scm3 in fission yeast, Sim3 in budding yeast (reviewed in De Rop et al., 2012) or more recently CAL1 in Drosophila (Chen et al., 2014), were found to be required for CENH3 deposition at centromeres. Each of these chaperones was shown to selectively bind CENH3, an ...
Subthreshold High-Frequency Electrical Field
... Subthreshold electrical stimulation (SES) has been shown to induce an improvement of angiogenesis in ischemic and nonischemic skeletal muscles, mediated by increased VEGF expression. VEGF plays a key role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Cardiomyocytes possess the ability to synthesiz ...
... Subthreshold electrical stimulation (SES) has been shown to induce an improvement of angiogenesis in ischemic and nonischemic skeletal muscles, mediated by increased VEGF expression. VEGF plays a key role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Cardiomyocytes possess the ability to synthesiz ...
Targeted expression of SV40 T antigen in the hair follicle of
... a severe phenotype Fo mouse (Fo-127) and a K2.10 hair-loss transgenic mouse (Powell and Rogers, 1990a), and a normal mouse sample. There are significant differences in the composition of many amino acids between the K2.10-TAg transgenic and normal mouse hair sample, the most dramatic differences bei ...
... a severe phenotype Fo mouse (Fo-127) and a K2.10 hair-loss transgenic mouse (Powell and Rogers, 1990a), and a normal mouse sample. There are significant differences in the composition of many amino acids between the K2.10-TAg transgenic and normal mouse hair sample, the most dramatic differences bei ...
Endocytosis unplugged: multiple ways to enter the cell
... uptake. This view has changed with increased understanding of this process. Owing to its specific characteristics such as its inhibition with Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, amiloride [25], and dependence on growth factor (GF) receptor (GFR) signaling, macropinocytosis is now defined as a highly coordin ...
... uptake. This view has changed with increased understanding of this process. Owing to its specific characteristics such as its inhibition with Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, amiloride [25], and dependence on growth factor (GF) receptor (GFR) signaling, macropinocytosis is now defined as a highly coordin ...
SEDS proteins are a widespread family of bacterial
... B. subtilis is intrinsically resistant to moenomycin, and this resistance is dependent upon the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor SigM (σM)30 (Fig. 4d). Consistent with the idea that aPBPs are specifically targeted by moenomycin, we found that cells lacking all four aPBPs require sigM f ...
... B. subtilis is intrinsically resistant to moenomycin, and this resistance is dependent upon the extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor SigM (σM)30 (Fig. 4d). Consistent with the idea that aPBPs are specifically targeted by moenomycin, we found that cells lacking all four aPBPs require sigM f ...
BET bromodomain inhibition suppresses TH17
... (Fig. 2 G). In contrast, the ability of these cells to produce TNF protein was only modestly ameliorated (Fig. 2 H, left) and not reduced at the transcript level (Fig. 2 H, middle). Moreover, another TNF superfamily member, lymphotoxin-, was similarly unaffected (Fig. 2 H, right). IL17, IL21, and G ...
... (Fig. 2 G). In contrast, the ability of these cells to produce TNF protein was only modestly ameliorated (Fig. 2 H, left) and not reduced at the transcript level (Fig. 2 H, middle). Moreover, another TNF superfamily member, lymphotoxin-, was similarly unaffected (Fig. 2 H, right). IL17, IL21, and G ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... attachment assay, although in the former case attachmentinhibiting activity was higher, a result most likely due to a lack of competition between the adhesin and the bacteria. The attachment-inhibiting factor resulted in a high percentage of root hairs without attached bacteria (Table 1), which indi ...
... attachment assay, although in the former case attachmentinhibiting activity was higher, a result most likely due to a lack of competition between the adhesin and the bacteria. The attachment-inhibiting factor resulted in a high percentage of root hairs without attached bacteria (Table 1), which indi ...
A Systems Survey of Progressive Host
... each FA listed in the DAVID database is significantly enriched, as given by the FA enrichment score (FAES), in genes reducing (FAESdown), as well as increasing (FAESup), infection (see Supplemental Experimental Procedures; Figure S3A; Table S4). The most enriched FAs were then used to construct a ne ...
... each FA listed in the DAVID database is significantly enriched, as given by the FA enrichment score (FAES), in genes reducing (FAESdown), as well as increasing (FAESup), infection (see Supplemental Experimental Procedures; Figure S3A; Table S4). The most enriched FAs were then used to construct a ne ...
sites of protein synthesis in nucleoli of root meristematic cells of
... these two regions are sites of protein synthesis. In addition, a few silver grains were located over, or in the immediate vicinity of, the DNA-containing lacunar regions, thus raising the possibility that the intranucleolar DNA also may somehow be involved in protein synthesis. These observations ma ...
... these two regions are sites of protein synthesis. In addition, a few silver grains were located over, or in the immediate vicinity of, the DNA-containing lacunar regions, thus raising the possibility that the intranucleolar DNA also may somehow be involved in protein synthesis. These observations ma ...
Influence of genotype and nutrition on survival and metabolism of starving yeast.
... be a survival strategy in the face of inadequate nutrition (6). This assumption is entirely consistent with findings that pathways that stimulate growth and division in nutrient-rich conditions, like target of rapamycin (TOR) and protein kinase A (PKA), repress entry into a resting state. Moreover, ...
... be a survival strategy in the face of inadequate nutrition (6). This assumption is entirely consistent with findings that pathways that stimulate growth and division in nutrient-rich conditions, like target of rapamycin (TOR) and protein kinase A (PKA), repress entry into a resting state. Moreover, ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.