The Role of Histone Modifications in Transcriptional Regulation upon Stress
... (RNA Pol), each of them specialized in a subset of mRNA molecules. RNA Pol I is responsible for transcription of ribosomal RNA genes, RNA Pol II transcribes most of the protein-coding genes and RNA Pol III transcribes tRNA genes, 5S RNA genes and snRNA genes. RNA Pol II is the best characterized of ...
... (RNA Pol), each of them specialized in a subset of mRNA molecules. RNA Pol I is responsible for transcription of ribosomal RNA genes, RNA Pol II transcribes most of the protein-coding genes and RNA Pol III transcribes tRNA genes, 5S RNA genes and snRNA genes. RNA Pol II is the best characterized of ...
Fibronectin and Other Adhesive Glycoproteins
... type C module of a2 procollagen shows a structural similarity with the fibronectin FN1 module (O’Leary et al. 2004) and suggested that the VWF type C module, which has been found in a large number of proteins of flies and worms, may be the precursor of the fibronectin FN1 module. Each FN1 module is ...
... type C module of a2 procollagen shows a structural similarity with the fibronectin FN1 module (O’Leary et al. 2004) and suggested that the VWF type C module, which has been found in a large number of proteins of flies and worms, may be the precursor of the fibronectin FN1 module. Each FN1 module is ...
Specific Organization of Golgi Apparatus in Plant Cells
... for plant cells. The preprophasic ring is involved in determination of the future plate of the cell division and the phragmoplast participates in the targeted delivery of vesicles into the zone of formation of the cell plate between the daughter cells [7]. The cells of higher plants are characterize ...
... for plant cells. The preprophasic ring is involved in determination of the future plate of the cell division and the phragmoplast participates in the targeted delivery of vesicles into the zone of formation of the cell plate between the daughter cells [7]. The cells of higher plants are characterize ...
Replication of damaged DNA in vitro is blocked
... interactions of PAb421 with the p53 C-terminus can in some cases stimulate its ability to bind to DNA (41). It has also been shown that p53 puri®ed in the absence of reducing agents (HA±p53 [¯u, ±DTT]) is inert in DNA binding (39,42,43). In contrast, as is well-documented, p53 lacking the C-terminus ...
... interactions of PAb421 with the p53 C-terminus can in some cases stimulate its ability to bind to DNA (41). It has also been shown that p53 puri®ed in the absence of reducing agents (HA±p53 [¯u, ±DTT]) is inert in DNA binding (39,42,43). In contrast, as is well-documented, p53 lacking the C-terminus ...
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... glycosylation sites for all mammalian P-gps, has otherwise little amino acid conservation (see Schinkel, 1993). Therefore, the conservation of these glycosylation sites suggests an evolutionary constraint for their maintenance in P-gp. The generation of drug resistant, N-glycosylation deficient clon ...
... glycosylation sites for all mammalian P-gps, has otherwise little amino acid conservation (see Schinkel, 1993). Therefore, the conservation of these glycosylation sites suggests an evolutionary constraint for their maintenance in P-gp. The generation of drug resistant, N-glycosylation deficient clon ...
Cenp-A Presence in Drosophila - Institute of Molecular Life Sciences
... interconnected spermatocytes. Premeiotic S phase is completed very soon after the last of these four mitotic divisions. Thereafter extensive spermatocyte growth occurs during an extended meiotic G2 phase before progression through the first and second meiotic division. The haploid cell nucleus of po ...
... interconnected spermatocytes. Premeiotic S phase is completed very soon after the last of these four mitotic divisions. Thereafter extensive spermatocyte growth occurs during an extended meiotic G2 phase before progression through the first and second meiotic division. The haploid cell nucleus of po ...
The actin cytoskeleton is a target of the self
... were detected at later time points, and between 10±20 min the F-actin appear to be organized into larger aggregates, as shown in Fig. 1f. These larger, punctate foci of actin were visualized throughout the pollen tube cytoplasm, although they also displayed a prominent cortical localization. They ap ...
... were detected at later time points, and between 10±20 min the F-actin appear to be organized into larger aggregates, as shown in Fig. 1f. These larger, punctate foci of actin were visualized throughout the pollen tube cytoplasm, although they also displayed a prominent cortical localization. They ap ...
Interaction of PIN and PGP transport mechanisms in auxin
... PGP19-HA (GVG-PGP19-HA) or PIN7 (GVG-PIN7) constructs that had already been used to study the ability of corresponding proteins to mediate efflux from plant cells (Petrášek et al., 2006). After induction of GVG-PGP19-HA or GVG-PIN7 constructs, cells accumulated less auxin because of the increased au ...
... PGP19-HA (GVG-PGP19-HA) or PIN7 (GVG-PIN7) constructs that had already been used to study the ability of corresponding proteins to mediate efflux from plant cells (Petrášek et al., 2006). After induction of GVG-PGP19-HA or GVG-PIN7 constructs, cells accumulated less auxin because of the increased au ...
Characterization of the Nucleolar Gene Product, Treacle, in Treacher Collins Syndrome
... caused by mutations in the gene TCOF1. Its gene product, treacle, consists mainly of a central repeat domain, which shows it to be structurally related to the nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp140. Treacle remains mostly uncharacterized to date. Herein we show that it, like Nopp140, is a highly phosphory ...
... caused by mutations in the gene TCOF1. Its gene product, treacle, consists mainly of a central repeat domain, which shows it to be structurally related to the nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp140. Treacle remains mostly uncharacterized to date. Herein we show that it, like Nopp140, is a highly phosphory ...
Assembling Neural Crest Regulatory Circuits into a Gene
... events are conserved but occur at a much slower rate, which makes lamprey a suitable system for studying signaling inputs and neural plate border specifier readout with much better temporal resolution and therefore in much higher detail (Nikitina et al. 2008). Interestingly, the induction program and ...
... events are conserved but occur at a much slower rate, which makes lamprey a suitable system for studying signaling inputs and neural plate border specifier readout with much better temporal resolution and therefore in much higher detail (Nikitina et al. 2008). Interestingly, the induction program and ...
Calcium oscillations in higher plants Nicola H Evans*, Martin R
... calcium-permeable channels were involved in the generation of [Ca2+]ext-induced oscillations in [Ca2+]cyt (i.e. oscillations induced by the concentration of calcium ions outside the cell) in this cell type. Other evidence highlighting the importance of plasma membrane calcium-permeable channels has ...
... calcium-permeable channels were involved in the generation of [Ca2+]ext-induced oscillations in [Ca2+]cyt (i.e. oscillations induced by the concentration of calcium ions outside the cell) in this cell type. Other evidence highlighting the importance of plasma membrane calcium-permeable channels has ...
Introduction - HAL
... Pol -deficient fibroblasts showed a significantly reduced proliferation rate when compared with wild type MEFs (Fig.4B). To monitor replicative capacity, MEFs from pol µ-, pol -deficient and control mice were cultured according to a 3T3 protocol (Todaro and Green, 1963). Pol -deficient MEFs showe ...
... Pol -deficient fibroblasts showed a significantly reduced proliferation rate when compared with wild type MEFs (Fig.4B). To monitor replicative capacity, MEFs from pol µ-, pol -deficient and control mice were cultured according to a 3T3 protocol (Todaro and Green, 1963). Pol -deficient MEFs showe ...
The TSC1–TSC2 complex: a molecular switchboard controlling cell
... TOR proteins are serine/threonine kinases of the PIKK (phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related kinase) family, with orthologues found in all eukaryotes. TOR proteins play an evolutionarily conserved role in the control of cell growth (i.e. an increase in cell size), but they have also been found to regula ...
... TOR proteins are serine/threonine kinases of the PIKK (phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related kinase) family, with orthologues found in all eukaryotes. TOR proteins play an evolutionarily conserved role in the control of cell growth (i.e. an increase in cell size), but they have also been found to regula ...
Conservation of PHO pathway in ascomycetes and the role of Pho84
... cyclin-dependent kinase complex, Pho80-Pho85, the transcription factor, Pho4 and the PHO responsive genes involved in acquisition, storage and uptake of phosphate (Lenburg and O'Shea 1996; Oshima 1997; Persson et al. 2003; Mouillon and Persson 2006; Secco et al. 2012) (figure 2). The activity of thi ...
... cyclin-dependent kinase complex, Pho80-Pho85, the transcription factor, Pho4 and the PHO responsive genes involved in acquisition, storage and uptake of phosphate (Lenburg and O'Shea 1996; Oshima 1997; Persson et al. 2003; Mouillon and Persson 2006; Secco et al. 2012) (figure 2). The activity of thi ...
2. introduction
... through gap junctions, thus spreading depolarization by involving enough adjoining tissue to bring it to threshold to produce a conducted beat. It is important to note, however, that the spread of Ca2+ between myocytes is carefully regulated by the myocyte through regulation of gap junctions which a ...
... through gap junctions, thus spreading depolarization by involving enough adjoining tissue to bring it to threshold to produce a conducted beat. It is important to note, however, that the spread of Ca2+ between myocytes is carefully regulated by the myocyte through regulation of gap junctions which a ...
Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signalling by
... and SOCS5 stability. By contrast, the impact of EGFR activation on the RALT half-life has not yet been determined. In summary, these data, although still fragmentary, suggest that transcriptional and post-transcriptional control mechanisms confine the expression of IFIs to a window of a few hours, w ...
... and SOCS5 stability. By contrast, the impact of EGFR activation on the RALT half-life has not yet been determined. In summary, these data, although still fragmentary, suggest that transcriptional and post-transcriptional control mechanisms confine the expression of IFIs to a window of a few hours, w ...
CELLS - Hudson City School District
... Helps glue it to surfaces (like sticks, rocks, human tissue) Only in prokaryotes (bacteria) ...
... Helps glue it to surfaces (like sticks, rocks, human tissue) Only in prokaryotes (bacteria) ...
Cytoplasmic and cortical reorganizations of the ascidian zygote
... 3102 F. Roegiers and others the ectopic site (reviewed by Nishida, 1997). In such experiments one presumably deletes or transfers determinants and/or functional structures residing in different cortical and cytoplasmic domains. The relocalizations in the ascidian zygote are thought to occur in two ...
... 3102 F. Roegiers and others the ectopic site (reviewed by Nishida, 1997). In such experiments one presumably deletes or transfers determinants and/or functional structures residing in different cortical and cytoplasmic domains. The relocalizations in the ascidian zygote are thought to occur in two ...
Physiology and molecular biology of petal senescence
... senescence, whilst many other genes are down-regulated. Most of the changes in gene expression are related to remobilization of macromolecules, and transport of the mobile compounds out of the petal. A considerable part of differential gene expression is related to plant defence. No genes have as ye ...
... senescence, whilst many other genes are down-regulated. Most of the changes in gene expression are related to remobilization of macromolecules, and transport of the mobile compounds out of the petal. A considerable part of differential gene expression is related to plant defence. No genes have as ye ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.