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Essays in Biochemistry Volume 39 Chapter 1
... The morphology of vertebrate and invertebrate cells undergoing apoptosis was similar regardless of the initial apoptotic signal. This suggested that a common apoptotic pathway that is activated in response to many different initial stimuli exists in cells. Previous studies with C. elegans in the 198 ...
... The morphology of vertebrate and invertebrate cells undergoing apoptosis was similar regardless of the initial apoptotic signal. This suggested that a common apoptotic pathway that is activated in response to many different initial stimuli exists in cells. Previous studies with C. elegans in the 198 ...
Basics of Protein Expression
... Can be used for transient expression expression, – Small scale testing, or over-expression in “assay-ready” plates OR can be used to select for stable integration Advantages: – For screening, maintain just one cell line, multiple virus stocks – Can transduce some cells that are difficult to transfec ...
... Can be used for transient expression expression, – Small scale testing, or over-expression in “assay-ready” plates OR can be used to select for stable integration Advantages: – For screening, maintain just one cell line, multiple virus stocks – Can transduce some cells that are difficult to transfec ...
Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 modulates β-chemokines
... of an APC. In addition, secondary (costimulatory) signals provided through the ligation of costimulatory molecules with their receptors on T cells are required for efficient T-cell activation. Among different costimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86 have been observed to provide potent immune signals ...
... of an APC. In addition, secondary (costimulatory) signals provided through the ligation of costimulatory molecules with their receptors on T cells are required for efficient T-cell activation. Among different costimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86 have been observed to provide potent immune signals ...
Female Gametophyte Development in Flowering Plants
... embryo sac. Together these data suggest that AGL23-regulated transcription is required for early female gametogenesis. However, AGL23 may not be required for the initiation or cell division of the functional megaspore, or cell cycle progression during subsequent embryo sac development in Arabidopsis ...
... embryo sac. Together these data suggest that AGL23-regulated transcription is required for early female gametogenesis. However, AGL23 may not be required for the initiation or cell division of the functional megaspore, or cell cycle progression during subsequent embryo sac development in Arabidopsis ...
Evaluation of flow cytometry as replacement for plating in in vitro
... The history of antibiotics can be said to start at several points in time, as humans have traditionally utilized plants, roots, molds and other natural compounds for medical purposes since millennia1. Antibiotics in the modern meaning are a more recent phenomenon. The scientific characterization and ...
... The history of antibiotics can be said to start at several points in time, as humans have traditionally utilized plants, roots, molds and other natural compounds for medical purposes since millennia1. Antibiotics in the modern meaning are a more recent phenomenon. The scientific characterization and ...
PCTPC201500400LSBR1_pap_plantcell 1..16
... up to 16 daughter cells. In light-dark synchronized populations, G1 occupies most of the light phase and the S/M program is restricted to the dark (Figure 1A). See Cross and Umen (2015) for a detailed review of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle. We analyzed global transcriptomes through a single diurnal ...
... up to 16 daughter cells. In light-dark synchronized populations, G1 occupies most of the light phase and the S/M program is restricted to the dark (Figure 1A). See Cross and Umen (2015) for a detailed review of the Chlamydomonas cell cycle. We analyzed global transcriptomes through a single diurnal ...
Membrane trafficking and osmotically induced
... that are mediated by ion transport. However, during volume changes in response to external osmotic solutions this cannot be the case, yet guard cells are remarkably robust to large volume changes caused by hyper- and hypo-osmotic treatments (Shope et al., 2003). These treatments produce changes in v ...
... that are mediated by ion transport. However, during volume changes in response to external osmotic solutions this cannot be the case, yet guard cells are remarkably robust to large volume changes caused by hyper- and hypo-osmotic treatments (Shope et al., 2003). These treatments produce changes in v ...
and γ 2 T Cells Produce IFN
... balanced salt solution (BSS) and resuspended in 0.65 ml of BSS. Fifty microliters of ice-cold normal human serum and 0.3 ml of E. coli (7.5 ⫻ 106 CFU/ml, middle stationary phase) were added to each well. After 20 min of cultivation at 37°C, cells were washed four to six times with 2 ml of ice-cold B ...
... balanced salt solution (BSS) and resuspended in 0.65 ml of BSS. Fifty microliters of ice-cold normal human serum and 0.3 ml of E. coli (7.5 ⫻ 106 CFU/ml, middle stationary phase) were added to each well. After 20 min of cultivation at 37°C, cells were washed four to six times with 2 ml of ice-cold B ...
Stem Cell: Past, Present and Future- A Review
... Adult stem cells (ASC). Embryonic Stem Cells: These cells are also known as early stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time of implantation would normally occur in the uterus. This developmental stage is the blastocyst stage – 32 cell stage, f ...
... Adult stem cells (ASC). Embryonic Stem Cells: These cells are also known as early stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos at a developmental stage before the time of implantation would normally occur in the uterus. This developmental stage is the blastocyst stage – 32 cell stage, f ...
Photon Mapping on Programmable Graphics Hardware
... Cammarano, Henrik Wann Jensen, and Path Hanrahan Presented by Jason Stredwick ...
... Cammarano, Henrik Wann Jensen, and Path Hanrahan Presented by Jason Stredwick ...
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... and core components of the C. elegans miRISC (Hammell et al., 2009). In mice, the related TRIM32 protein also associates with Ago1 and increases the activity of specific miRISCs (Schwamborn et al., 2009). These findings suggest that different TRIM-NHL domain proteins have evolutionarily distinct fun ...
... and core components of the C. elegans miRISC (Hammell et al., 2009). In mice, the related TRIM32 protein also associates with Ago1 and increases the activity of specific miRISCs (Schwamborn et al., 2009). These findings suggest that different TRIM-NHL domain proteins have evolutionarily distinct fun ...
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Induces DU145 Cell Cycle Arrest through
... sicdk5 (5 pmol/104 cells). A. p27 mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Data were presented as the fold change compared to control levels. B and C. Immunoblotting images of p27 and Cdk5 proteins were shown and actin served as an internal control. D. The quantitative results rev ...
... sicdk5 (5 pmol/104 cells). A. p27 mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Data were presented as the fold change compared to control levels. B and C. Immunoblotting images of p27 and Cdk5 proteins were shown and actin served as an internal control. D. The quantitative results rev ...
Elevated IL-17 produced by TH17 cells promotes
... with TH17-polarizing cocktail consisting of IL-1 (10 ng/mL), IL-6 (20 ng/mL), and IL-23 (10 ng/mL) in addition to anti–IFN-␥ (10 g/mL), anti–IL-4 (10 g/mL) TGF- (1 ng/mL; R&D Systems) and anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 6 days in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cel ...
... with TH17-polarizing cocktail consisting of IL-1 (10 ng/mL), IL-6 (20 ng/mL), and IL-23 (10 ng/mL) in addition to anti–IFN-␥ (10 g/mL), anti–IL-4 (10 g/mL) TGF- (1 ng/mL; R&D Systems) and anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies for 6 days in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cel ...
analysis of the significance of a periodic, cell size
... synthesis at points in their cell cycles when they have very similar protein contents per cell (Fraser & Nurse, 19786). Similarly, the 2 haploid strains have similar protein contents per cell when they double their rates of poly(A)+mRNA synthesis (Fraser & Nurse, 1978 a). All 5 strains double their ...
... synthesis at points in their cell cycles when they have very similar protein contents per cell (Fraser & Nurse, 19786). Similarly, the 2 haploid strains have similar protein contents per cell when they double their rates of poly(A)+mRNA synthesis (Fraser & Nurse, 1978 a). All 5 strains double their ...
chemoattractant signaling in dictyostelium discoideum
... Unique Advantages of Dictyostelium Most chemoattractants act through G protein–linked signaling pathways to mediate directional migration and also modulate cell adhesion, gene expression, and cell-cell signaling. Many features of these pathways in mammalian leukocytes are similar to those in the mod ...
... Unique Advantages of Dictyostelium Most chemoattractants act through G protein–linked signaling pathways to mediate directional migration and also modulate cell adhesion, gene expression, and cell-cell signaling. Many features of these pathways in mammalian leukocytes are similar to those in the mod ...
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... and to consider interactions between a small number functional entities rather than between individual proteins. Such entities could capture essential features of single proteins or of protein complexes. Depending on the context, it is thus sometimes useful to emphasize the aspect of self-organizati ...
... and to consider interactions between a small number functional entities rather than between individual proteins. Such entities could capture essential features of single proteins or of protein complexes. Depending on the context, it is thus sometimes useful to emphasize the aspect of self-organizati ...
Microfabrication meets microbiology
... that are used — for example, streaking cells and studying their structure and behaviour using optical microscopy — were not designed with reproducibility or quantification in mind. These methods make it difficult (or impossible) to collect data that is quantitative, time-dependent or spatially resol ...
... that are used — for example, streaking cells and studying their structure and behaviour using optical microscopy — were not designed with reproducibility or quantification in mind. These methods make it difficult (or impossible) to collect data that is quantitative, time-dependent or spatially resol ...
Two Distinct Sources of Elicited Reactive Oxygen
... fluorescent probe dichlorofluorescein, was used t o scrutinize the generation and movement of ROS in tobacco epidermal tissue. ROS, generated within cells, quickly moved apoplastically as H202into neighboring cells. Two classes of rapidly elicited intracellular ROS, originating from distinct sources ...
... fluorescent probe dichlorofluorescein, was used t o scrutinize the generation and movement of ROS in tobacco epidermal tissue. ROS, generated within cells, quickly moved apoplastically as H202into neighboring cells. Two classes of rapidly elicited intracellular ROS, originating from distinct sources ...
Bacteria Powerpoint
... produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and some of its cytoplasm during unfavorable growth conditions. Spores can remain dormant for months or years. ...
... produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and some of its cytoplasm during unfavorable growth conditions. Spores can remain dormant for months or years. ...
Relationship between the timing of DNA replication and the
... time is lower in D cells than in ND cells. Second, in D cells, especially after a prolonged period of BrdUrd/ FdUrd labelling, FITC fluorescence is found in a first small cohort, in a second major cohort and in a third smaller population. In ND cells, however, the third FITC-positive cohort seems to ...
... time is lower in D cells than in ND cells. Second, in D cells, especially after a prolonged period of BrdUrd/ FdUrd labelling, FITC fluorescence is found in a first small cohort, in a second major cohort and in a third smaller population. In ND cells, however, the third FITC-positive cohort seems to ...
Cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei sspp. in
... trypanosomes (Vickerman, 1971 ; Newton, Cross & Baker, 1973) has been tempered by problems associated with the cultivation of these organisms. The Salivaria are among the most difficult trypanosomes to cultivate in vitro. Of the various cell types occurring during the natural life-cycle, only those ...
... trypanosomes (Vickerman, 1971 ; Newton, Cross & Baker, 1973) has been tempered by problems associated with the cultivation of these organisms. The Salivaria are among the most difficult trypanosomes to cultivate in vitro. Of the various cell types occurring during the natural life-cycle, only those ...
Overview
... 3. Except at the hilus, the lungs are surrounded by a thin superficial connective tissue capsule. A simple squamous mesothelium rests on this capsule. 4. Pleural mesothelial cells have sparse apical microvilli, secrete watery lubricants into the pleural cavity, and rest on a thin basement membrane. ...
... 3. Except at the hilus, the lungs are surrounded by a thin superficial connective tissue capsule. A simple squamous mesothelium rests on this capsule. 4. Pleural mesothelial cells have sparse apical microvilli, secrete watery lubricants into the pleural cavity, and rest on a thin basement membrane. ...
improving methodological strategies for satellite cells counting in
... Satellite cells are relatively rare structures, probably evenly distributed along individual muscle fibres, but more concentrated within end plate regions. When activated they enter the mytotic cycle, proliferate and fuse either with each other or with the existing muscle fibres. The main function o ...
... Satellite cells are relatively rare structures, probably evenly distributed along individual muscle fibres, but more concentrated within end plate regions. When activated they enter the mytotic cycle, proliferate and fuse either with each other or with the existing muscle fibres. The main function o ...
BD Pharmingen™ Purified Hamster Anti-Human Bcl-2
... an active form of cellular suicide that typically requires new RNA and protein synthesis and is associated with distinct morphological changes including cell shrinkage, cytoplasm membrane blebbing, nuclear fragmentation and DNA degradation. The Bcl-2 gene was first found in t(14:18) containing folli ...
... an active form of cellular suicide that typically requires new RNA and protein synthesis and is associated with distinct morphological changes including cell shrinkage, cytoplasm membrane blebbing, nuclear fragmentation and DNA degradation. The Bcl-2 gene was first found in t(14:18) containing folli ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.