![Quantification of gap junction selectivity](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017218746_1-4f4b7ffac6b4e008fa9c026ec570cc5e-300x300.png)
Quantification of gap junction selectivity
... adjusted the injected current such that the measured membrane potential equaled the user-specified holding potential. These amplifiers have already proved useful for recording junctional current (Ij) in well-coupled cell pairs (27). In Fig. 2, the voltage control achieved using these amplifiers is d ...
... adjusted the injected current such that the measured membrane potential equaled the user-specified holding potential. These amplifiers have already proved useful for recording junctional current (Ij) in well-coupled cell pairs (27). In Fig. 2, the voltage control achieved using these amplifiers is d ...
Gene Therapy Progress and Prospects: Viral trafficking
... provide the primary mechanisms of intracellular transport of molecular complexes greater than 500 kDa (reviewed in Dohner and Sodeik1). Both the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton form polarized filaments to which subunits are added to a growing, plus end in a complexly regulated process.5 These fil ...
... provide the primary mechanisms of intracellular transport of molecular complexes greater than 500 kDa (reviewed in Dohner and Sodeik1). Both the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton form polarized filaments to which subunits are added to a growing, plus end in a complexly regulated process.5 These fil ...
An In Vitro Model for Neuroscience: Differentiation of SH
... Neuroscience, including research on Alzheimer´s disease, is hampered by the lack of suitable in vitro models to study the human nervous system. To counteract this, many attempts to differentiate cell lines into more neuron-like cells have been performed, resulting in partial expression of neuronal f ...
... Neuroscience, including research on Alzheimer´s disease, is hampered by the lack of suitable in vitro models to study the human nervous system. To counteract this, many attempts to differentiate cell lines into more neuron-like cells have been performed, resulting in partial expression of neuronal f ...
separation of cell types from embryonic chicken and rat spinal cord
... cells in vitro (Ransom et al., 1977; Nelson et al., 1978). Since muscle cells, as well as spinal cord neurons, can be maintained readily in cell culture, this system provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of target cells on neuronal development. Giller et al. (1973, 1977) reported a di ...
... cells in vitro (Ransom et al., 1977; Nelson et al., 1978). Since muscle cells, as well as spinal cord neurons, can be maintained readily in cell culture, this system provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of target cells on neuronal development. Giller et al. (1973, 1977) reported a di ...
Liquid-Tissue Mechanics in Amphibian Gastrulation: Germ
... populations appear to be shiny—"coated" in Holtfreter's terminology. We find, as he did (op. cit.), that the shiny sides of these surface cells are non-adhesive with respect to blastula and gastrula cells of all types. (By contrast, their "uncoated" lateral and basal sides do adhere to other uncoate ...
... populations appear to be shiny—"coated" in Holtfreter's terminology. We find, as he did (op. cit.), that the shiny sides of these surface cells are non-adhesive with respect to blastula and gastrula cells of all types. (By contrast, their "uncoated" lateral and basal sides do adhere to other uncoate ...
Chapter 5: Attachment and entry of viruses into cells 1. Overview of
... Entry of naked viruses 1. Most of naked viruses irreversible attachment of the virion to the cell surface leads to endocytosis. 2. Plasma membrane “flows” around the virion > more receptors bind > virion is completely enclosed in membrane # pinches off as an endosome 3. Endosome contents are part of ...
... Entry of naked viruses 1. Most of naked viruses irreversible attachment of the virion to the cell surface leads to endocytosis. 2. Plasma membrane “flows” around the virion > more receptors bind > virion is completely enclosed in membrane # pinches off as an endosome 3. Endosome contents are part of ...
Protophloem Differentiation in Early Arabidopsis
... Flanking genes were identified for four out of five gene-trap insertion lines. The possible function of these genes with respect to phloem differentiation is discussed. ...
... Flanking genes were identified for four out of five gene-trap insertion lines. The possible function of these genes with respect to phloem differentiation is discussed. ...
The learners demonstrate an understanding of: The learners shall
... facilitated transport, active transport) ...
... facilitated transport, active transport) ...
Progress Report on Reduced-Lignin Alfalfa: Part I, Plant Modifications
... pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. The pectin portion is almost completely digested. The non-pectin cell wall fraction (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) is also known as Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF); ideally, alfalfa would contain 40% NDF on a DM basis. The lignin portion of cell wall ...
... pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. The pectin portion is almost completely digested. The non-pectin cell wall fraction (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) is also known as Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF); ideally, alfalfa would contain 40% NDF on a DM basis. The lignin portion of cell wall ...
mycoplasmas in tissue culture
... infection could be established in HeLa, chick and mouse embryo and monkey kidney cultures, but no cytopathic effect was produced and the cultures grew as rapidly as the controls. On the other hand, the mouse ascites cell line P388D1 growing in vitro was rapidly lysed. It is of interest that both L51 ...
... infection could be established in HeLa, chick and mouse embryo and monkey kidney cultures, but no cytopathic effect was produced and the cultures grew as rapidly as the controls. On the other hand, the mouse ascites cell line P388D1 growing in vitro was rapidly lysed. It is of interest that both L51 ...
Nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution of Inh2
... holoenzymes in order to respond to changes in cell signaling. Inh2 is a 23 kDa phosphoprotein, small enough to passively diffuse through nuclear pores, yet it contains both a putative nuclear localization signal (137KKRQFEMKRK147) and a sequence resembling a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (155LN ...
... holoenzymes in order to respond to changes in cell signaling. Inh2 is a 23 kDa phosphoprotein, small enough to passively diffuse through nuclear pores, yet it contains both a putative nuclear localization signal (137KKRQFEMKRK147) and a sequence resembling a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (155LN ...
Leukaemia Section Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... chemotherapy (vincristine cyclophosphamide, steroid, with or without anthtacyclines); fludarabine, with or without mitoxantrone. ...
... chemotherapy (vincristine cyclophosphamide, steroid, with or without anthtacyclines); fludarabine, with or without mitoxantrone. ...
This is an open-book, 1 week long, take
... I accepted a lot of other types of experiments. Come talk to me if you have questions on why you lost points. The graduate student actually comes up with a fairly novel approach to testing this hypothesis. First, endosomes containing this channel are isolated from macrophages (as described above). T ...
... I accepted a lot of other types of experiments. Come talk to me if you have questions on why you lost points. The graduate student actually comes up with a fairly novel approach to testing this hypothesis. First, endosomes containing this channel are isolated from macrophages (as described above). T ...
A Biological Overview of the Cell Cycle and its Response to Osmotic
... is highly conserved, from unicellular eukaryotes, such as yeasts, to multicellular eukaryotes [35]. Therefore, simple eukaryotes, such as fission yeast and budding yeast, serve as model organisms to understand the cell cycle control mechanisms in Metazoa including humans. To understand such a comple ...
... is highly conserved, from unicellular eukaryotes, such as yeasts, to multicellular eukaryotes [35]. Therefore, simple eukaryotes, such as fission yeast and budding yeast, serve as model organisms to understand the cell cycle control mechanisms in Metazoa including humans. To understand such a comple ...
Role of CD45 Signaling Pathway in Galactoxylomannan- Induced T Cell Damage
... are from one representative experiment of five independent experiments with similar results. BW5147 and BW5147 (T2002) cells (both 16106/ml) were incubated for 30 min, 2 or 18 h in the presence or absence of GalXM (10 mg/ml) in complete medium at 37uC and 5% CO2. In selected experiments, cells (both ...
... are from one representative experiment of five independent experiments with similar results. BW5147 and BW5147 (T2002) cells (both 16106/ml) were incubated for 30 min, 2 or 18 h in the presence or absence of GalXM (10 mg/ml) in complete medium at 37uC and 5% CO2. In selected experiments, cells (both ...
Expression of the RET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase and GDNFR
... studies have shown that GDNF binds to a novel glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein (termed GDNFRa) by promoting the formation at the cell surface of a physical complex involving GDNF, GDNFR-a, and RET.19,20 As ...
... studies have shown that GDNF binds to a novel glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein (termed GDNFRa) by promoting the formation at the cell surface of a physical complex involving GDNF, GDNFR-a, and RET.19,20 As ...
Phosphorylation of Bni4 by MAP kinases contributes to septum
... to the proper localization of active CSIII at the neck and to the correct assembly of the chitin ring (Sanz et al. 2004; Larson et al. 2008). To date it is unclear whether Bni4 might perform additional functions in CSIII regulation. What has become clear over the years is that Bni4 must perform func ...
... to the proper localization of active CSIII at the neck and to the correct assembly of the chitin ring (Sanz et al. 2004; Larson et al. 2008). To date it is unclear whether Bni4 might perform additional functions in CSIII regulation. What has become clear over the years is that Bni4 must perform func ...
Modelling a Debris Flow with PCRaster
... debris flow cohesion [kN.m-2] ► PhiMob= angle of internal friction of ...
... debris flow cohesion [kN.m-2] ► PhiMob= angle of internal friction of ...
Hormones: communicating with chemicals History
... 19-1. History: Discovery of a growth substance (hormone- auxin) Hormones: communicating with chemicals History- discovery of plant hormone Concepts of hormones 6 Major plant hormones Balance of hormones regulate growth & development. Environmental signals can cause changes in hormone levels. Physiol ...
... 19-1. History: Discovery of a growth substance (hormone- auxin) Hormones: communicating with chemicals History- discovery of plant hormone Concepts of hormones 6 Major plant hormones Balance of hormones regulate growth & development. Environmental signals can cause changes in hormone levels. Physiol ...
STUDY OF THE CELLS PROLIFERATING IN PARENT VERSUS F1
... require the presence of F, T cells . (b) The proliferation of F, cells in MLC involves B lymphocytes. Whether F, T lymphocytes can also be stimulated when present in the culture was further explored . Immunofluorescence Study of the T or B Nature of the Parental or F, Blasts Appearing in MLC This st ...
... require the presence of F, T cells . (b) The proliferation of F, cells in MLC involves B lymphocytes. Whether F, T lymphocytes can also be stimulated when present in the culture was further explored . Immunofluorescence Study of the T or B Nature of the Parental or F, Blasts Appearing in MLC This st ...
the fine structure of the mid-body of the rat
... observed the first evidence of the densities associated with the spindle fibers. At the present time it is futile to speculate on the significance of these points of density, although the possibility should perhaps be considered that they may represent the sites of active growth of the spindle durin ...
... observed the first evidence of the densities associated with the spindle fibers. At the present time it is futile to speculate on the significance of these points of density, although the possibility should perhaps be considered that they may represent the sites of active growth of the spindle durin ...
Chronic Immune Reactivity Against Persisting Microbial Antigen in
... Therefore, an issue central to the role of murine and human cytomegaloviruses in atherogenesis is the relative contribution of the different immunopathological mechanisms (“bystander activation” versus “reactivity against persisting antigens”) during the development of atherosclerotic lesions. In th ...
... Therefore, an issue central to the role of murine and human cytomegaloviruses in atherogenesis is the relative contribution of the different immunopathological mechanisms (“bystander activation” versus “reactivity against persisting antigens”) during the development of atherosclerotic lesions. In th ...
Role of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene in Cell Cycle Arrest and
... The remaining two cell lines (12%) showed an intermediate response: both of these lines by single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing contained only wild type p53 (23). Using this flow cytometric approach we were able to predict correctly the status of the p53 gene in 88% of the case ...
... The remaining two cell lines (12%) showed an intermediate response: both of these lines by single-strand conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing contained only wild type p53 (23). Using this flow cytometric approach we were able to predict correctly the status of the p53 gene in 88% of the case ...
Multiscale View of Cytoskeletal Mechanoregulation of Cell and
... hallmark of many cell types. These basic asymmetries can lead to local changes in cell shape and/or function, transiently or constitutively, and are largely known as cell polarity. In fact, polarity is a fundamental property of nearly all living cells; it can be detected in vitro and in vivo, in a w ...
... hallmark of many cell types. These basic asymmetries can lead to local changes in cell shape and/or function, transiently or constitutively, and are largely known as cell polarity. In fact, polarity is a fundamental property of nearly all living cells; it can be detected in vitro and in vivo, in a w ...
Exine dehiscing induces rape microspore polarity
... (Tian and Sun, 2003; Tang et al., 2006). Further studies indicated that the first division of the EDMs, unlike that in intact microspores, could be asymmetric. It was also reported that after mild heat stress treatment, cultured microspores could develop into embryos with a suspensor after slightly ...
... (Tian and Sun, 2003; Tang et al., 2006). Further studies indicated that the first division of the EDMs, unlike that in intact microspores, could be asymmetric. It was also reported that after mild heat stress treatment, cultured microspores could develop into embryos with a suspensor after slightly ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.