II-Expressing Microvesicles at Their Surface Follicular Dendritic
... carry MHC class II molecules at their surface and to be capable of specifically stimulating CD4-positive T cells in vitro. The released internal vesicles of MIICs have been called exosomes (16), a term that was introduced for exocytosed vesicles in reticulocytes (17). Exocytosis of MIICs or multives ...
... carry MHC class II molecules at their surface and to be capable of specifically stimulating CD4-positive T cells in vitro. The released internal vesicles of MIICs have been called exosomes (16), a term that was introduced for exocytosed vesicles in reticulocytes (17). Exocytosis of MIICs or multives ...
Development of definitive endoderm from embryonic
... Summary The cellular and molecular events regulating the induction and tissue-specific differentiation of endoderm are central to our understanding of the development and function of many organ systems. To define and characterize key components in this process, we have investigated the potential of ...
... Summary The cellular and molecular events regulating the induction and tissue-specific differentiation of endoderm are central to our understanding of the development and function of many organ systems. To define and characterize key components in this process, we have investigated the potential of ...
Different Kinds of Cells Make Up Our Bodies
... When you were made, a tiny cell from your father joined with another tiny cell from your mother. Those cells began to divide, making new cells. First there was one cell, then it divided and there were two. Each of those cells divided, and then there were four. Each of those divided, and then there w ...
... When you were made, a tiny cell from your father joined with another tiny cell from your mother. Those cells began to divide, making new cells. First there was one cell, then it divided and there were two. Each of those cells divided, and then there were four. Each of those divided, and then there w ...
The importance of foetal movement for co
... In the 1970s, newborns with joint contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia, facial deformities and overall growth retardation were suggested by some to suffer from specific autosomal-recessive mutations, whereas others argued that this phenotype resulted from related, though discrete, disorders.6-8 The di ...
... In the 1970s, newborns with joint contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia, facial deformities and overall growth retardation were suggested by some to suffer from specific autosomal-recessive mutations, whereas others argued that this phenotype resulted from related, though discrete, disorders.6-8 The di ...
HISTOLOGICAL AND SEM STUDIES ON ORGANOGENESIS IN
... by indirect organogenesis: the emergence of shoots or roots was preceded by the formation of callus from cultured endosperm. Despite the well-known tendency for degeneration and disturbances of callus tissue, the kiwifruit culture maintained its proliferation and organogenic ability more than 2 year ...
... by indirect organogenesis: the emergence of shoots or roots was preceded by the formation of callus from cultured endosperm. Despite the well-known tendency for degeneration and disturbances of callus tissue, the kiwifruit culture maintained its proliferation and organogenic ability more than 2 year ...
Critical regulation of CD4 T cell survival and autoimmunity by b
... intervals thereafter. As noted above, Bcl2 showed a dynamic pattern of regulation after activation of wild-type CD4+ T cells, with a gradual and significant decrease during the first 2 d and recovery to original expression by day 3 (Fig. 2b). Arrb1–/– CD4+ T cells had significantly less Bcl2 mRNA th ...
... intervals thereafter. As noted above, Bcl2 showed a dynamic pattern of regulation after activation of wild-type CD4+ T cells, with a gradual and significant decrease during the first 2 d and recovery to original expression by day 3 (Fig. 2b). Arrb1–/– CD4+ T cells had significantly less Bcl2 mRNA th ...
Ianello A, Raulet DH. 2013. Immune Surveillance of Unhealthy Cells by Natural Killer Cells. Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology.
... Figure 1. Regulation of cell-surface expression of NKG2D ligands. Different pathways active in unhealthy cells regulate the transcription, translation, and stabilization of the mRNA or protein, and/or cell-surface display of NKG2D ligands. We recently showed that proliferative signals, which may be ...
... Figure 1. Regulation of cell-surface expression of NKG2D ligands. Different pathways active in unhealthy cells regulate the transcription, translation, and stabilization of the mRNA or protein, and/or cell-surface display of NKG2D ligands. We recently showed that proliferative signals, which may be ...
Fuel Cell book.indd
... been taught or should be expected to know, but to assess what they understand so far about how a PEM fuel cell works. It serves as a baseline assessment, for comparison with the knowledge they display at the end of the challenge, in their final presentation, as well as on the post-test. 1. Distribu ...
... been taught or should be expected to know, but to assess what they understand so far about how a PEM fuel cell works. It serves as a baseline assessment, for comparison with the knowledge they display at the end of the challenge, in their final presentation, as well as on the post-test. 1. Distribu ...
Nonpolar region of phospholipid.
... 7) The genetic information is coded in DNA by the regular alternation of sugar and phosphate molecules. Answer: FALSE 8) A process by which large particles may be taken into the cell for protection of the body or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis. Answer: TRUE 9) The ...
... 7) The genetic information is coded in DNA by the regular alternation of sugar and phosphate molecules. Answer: FALSE 8) A process by which large particles may be taken into the cell for protection of the body or for disposing of old or dead cells is called phagocytosis. Answer: TRUE 9) The ...
Dynamical patterning modules in plant development and evolution
... organs are added continuously over the course of their life times. This mode of development reflects the presence of meristems, which are composed of pluripotent cells. Among embryophytes, these stem cells give rise to primary and secondary tissues, as well as generating new organs. Another distingu ...
... organs are added continuously over the course of their life times. This mode of development reflects the presence of meristems, which are composed of pluripotent cells. Among embryophytes, these stem cells give rise to primary and secondary tissues, as well as generating new organs. Another distingu ...
Gepstein Oren Caspi, Irit Huber, Amira Gepstein, Gil Arbel, Leonid
... arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We aimed to establish a patient-/disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model of ARVC. Methods and Results—Dermal fibroblasts were obtained from 2 patients with ARVC with plakophilin-2 (PKP2) mutations, reprogrammed to generate hiPSCs, coax ...
... arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We aimed to establish a patient-/disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) model of ARVC. Methods and Results—Dermal fibroblasts were obtained from 2 patients with ARVC with plakophilin-2 (PKP2) mutations, reprogrammed to generate hiPSCs, coax ...
to the complete text
... 1749-4613/$ – see front matter ª 2008 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
... 1749-4613/$ – see front matter ª 2008 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
Full text - 2nd International Conference of the
... were devoted to the anatomy and cytology of plants. During the Lemberg / Lwów period of his life he published 6 papers, and during his stay in Czernowitz — 8. In 1879, when he was only 31, Tangl made a discovery, thanks to which he entered the annals of history of botany. He observed intercellular s ...
... were devoted to the anatomy and cytology of plants. During the Lemberg / Lwów period of his life he published 6 papers, and during his stay in Czernowitz — 8. In 1879, when he was only 31, Tangl made a discovery, thanks to which he entered the annals of history of botany. He observed intercellular s ...
Cell Division – Revision Pack (B3)
... There are ethical issues concerning human cloning because people think that the clones will not be ‘true individual’. Cloning animals is useful in a number of ways, but it always carries risks. For example, there is suggestion that GM animals could supply replacement organisms for humans. Some peopl ...
... There are ethical issues concerning human cloning because people think that the clones will not be ‘true individual’. Cloning animals is useful in a number of ways, but it always carries risks. For example, there is suggestion that GM animals could supply replacement organisms for humans. Some peopl ...
The NK2.1 receptor is encoded by Ly-49C and its
... encoded by a member of the NKR-P1 or Ly-49 gene families. In addition to its chromosomal localization to the NK gene complex, NK2.1 has been shown to be a dimeric cell surface antigen expressed by a subset of NK cells (26). The fact that NK2.1 is expressed in strains that lack NKR-P1 transcripts (31 ...
... encoded by a member of the NKR-P1 or Ly-49 gene families. In addition to its chromosomal localization to the NK gene complex, NK2.1 has been shown to be a dimeric cell surface antigen expressed by a subset of NK cells (26). The fact that NK2.1 is expressed in strains that lack NKR-P1 transcripts (31 ...
Development for Class
... All of the following correctly describe the fate of the embryonic layers of a vertebrate EXCEPT A. neural tube and epidermis develop from ectoderm B. linings of digestive organs and lungs develop from ...
... All of the following correctly describe the fate of the embryonic layers of a vertebrate EXCEPT A. neural tube and epidermis develop from ectoderm B. linings of digestive organs and lungs develop from ...
Prm1p, a Pheromone-regulated Multispanning Membrane Protein
... Harbury, 1998). According to current models, the energetics of forming this coiled coil are so favorable that they outweigh the cost of pulling together the negatively charged sheets of phosphate head groups and squeezing out the water in between, thus initiating bilayer fusion (Ramalho-Santos and d ...
... Harbury, 1998). According to current models, the energetics of forming this coiled coil are so favorable that they outweigh the cost of pulling together the negatively charged sheets of phosphate head groups and squeezing out the water in between, thus initiating bilayer fusion (Ramalho-Santos and d ...
Structure and Function of Plant Cell Wall Proteins
... as cutin, suberin, and certain inorganic compounds that vary among plant species, cell types, and even neighboring cells. Developmental events and exposure to any of a number of abiotic and biotic stresses further increase this compositional and structural variation. Moreover, the dynamic nature and ...
... as cutin, suberin, and certain inorganic compounds that vary among plant species, cell types, and even neighboring cells. Developmental events and exposure to any of a number of abiotic and biotic stresses further increase this compositional and structural variation. Moreover, the dynamic nature and ...
Biology of Tooth Movement
... discrepancy. It has been demonstrated that these inflammatory modulators potentially resorb bone. Leukotrienes, which are also metabolites of Arachidonic acid, were originally demonstrated in leukocytes and were called leukotrienes. It is possible then, since prostaglandins are not fully responsible ...
... discrepancy. It has been demonstrated that these inflammatory modulators potentially resorb bone. Leukotrienes, which are also metabolites of Arachidonic acid, were originally demonstrated in leukocytes and were called leukotrienes. It is possible then, since prostaglandins are not fully responsible ...
RNA-binding Proteins TIA-1 and TIAR Link the
... This was removed and the cells were immediately immersed in 2208C methanol for 10 min, rinsed in PBS, and incubated in blocking buffer (5% normal goat serum in PBS) for 1 h before the addition of primary antibodies. Primary antibodies were diluted (purified IgG from murine mAbs 3E6 and ML-29 were us ...
... This was removed and the cells were immediately immersed in 2208C methanol for 10 min, rinsed in PBS, and incubated in blocking buffer (5% normal goat serum in PBS) for 1 h before the addition of primary antibodies. Primary antibodies were diluted (purified IgG from murine mAbs 3E6 and ML-29 were us ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.