Surface Sialic Acids Taken from the Host Allow Trypanosome
... trans-sialidase together with surrounding host sialoglycoconjugate donors (Fig. 2 A). In the GPI10KO cells, the GPI precursor is truncated and does not contain the ethanolamine group necessary for transfer to procyclin and trans-sialidase precursors (Fig. 2 B). Alternately, the entire GPI transamida ...
... trans-sialidase together with surrounding host sialoglycoconjugate donors (Fig. 2 A). In the GPI10KO cells, the GPI precursor is truncated and does not contain the ethanolamine group necessary for transfer to procyclin and trans-sialidase precursors (Fig. 2 B). Alternately, the entire GPI transamida ...
Viral life strategies and their role in water column processes
... Viral production-slope method (VP-Slope): Slope of regression of viral abundance over time Viral production-FIC, BP, BS method: FICxBP (bacterial production) ...
... Viral production-slope method (VP-Slope): Slope of regression of viral abundance over time Viral production-FIC, BP, BS method: FICxBP (bacterial production) ...
Expansion of the phragmoplast during plant cytokinesis: a MAPK
... does not stain all MT arrays. At metaphase, the antiserum stains an area of spindle MTs proximal to the metaphase plate but not those at the pole [24••]. The antibody also stains the spindle midzone and the phragmoplast equatorial zone [24••]. These patterns of localization suggest a role for NtMAP6 ...
... does not stain all MT arrays. At metaphase, the antiserum stains an area of spindle MTs proximal to the metaphase plate but not those at the pole [24••]. The antibody also stains the spindle midzone and the phragmoplast equatorial zone [24••]. These patterns of localization suggest a role for NtMAP6 ...
plant cell biology in the new millennium: new tools and new
... its conception by Marvin Minsky in the 1950s, confocal microscopy has now become a routine technique and indispensable tool not only for cell biological studies but also for molecular investigations (Lichtman, 1994). In addition, although used by only a handful of research laboratories worldwide sin ...
... its conception by Marvin Minsky in the 1950s, confocal microscopy has now become a routine technique and indispensable tool not only for cell biological studies but also for molecular investigations (Lichtman, 1994). In addition, although used by only a handful of research laboratories worldwide sin ...
Herceptin Resistance Database for Understanding
... cancer and evaluation of such markers to advice patient selection for therapy is of great value12. To understand the molecular mechanism and genomic factors contributing to the phenomenon of resistance against Herceptin, several studies have been carried out taking tissue sample or cell line based m ...
... cancer and evaluation of such markers to advice patient selection for therapy is of great value12. To understand the molecular mechanism and genomic factors contributing to the phenomenon of resistance against Herceptin, several studies have been carried out taking tissue sample or cell line based m ...
KRP3A and KRP3B: Candidate Motors in Spermatid Maturation in
... In Situ Hybridization and Northern Blot Analysis The KRP3 messages were detected with in situ hybridization (ISH) essentially as described previously [6] except using digoxigenin (DIG)labeled probes instead of radioactive ones with modifications [16]. Testes were dissected from adult, prepuberal, or ...
... In Situ Hybridization and Northern Blot Analysis The KRP3 messages were detected with in situ hybridization (ISH) essentially as described previously [6] except using digoxigenin (DIG)labeled probes instead of radioactive ones with modifications [16]. Testes were dissected from adult, prepuberal, or ...
Cell intercalation during Drosophila germband extension and its
... cells appear to rearrange in response to external forces that pull on the extending tissue; this has been termed passive rearrangement. In other cases, however, cells rearrange in the absence of any external force, implying that the cell rearrangement is an active process (reviewed by Keller, 1987; ...
... cells appear to rearrange in response to external forces that pull on the extending tissue; this has been termed passive rearrangement. In other cases, however, cells rearrange in the absence of any external force, implying that the cell rearrangement is an active process (reviewed by Keller, 1987; ...
Mesoderm migration in the Xenopus gastrula
... namely to induce the extension of lamellae along the substrate surface. The step-wise. non-persistent mode of HM cell migration observed in vitro is not altered when isolated cells move on their in vivo substrate. Cell trails show characteristic, abrupt turns, like cells moving on FN in vitro, and c ...
... namely to induce the extension of lamellae along the substrate surface. The step-wise. non-persistent mode of HM cell migration observed in vitro is not altered when isolated cells move on their in vivo substrate. Cell trails show characteristic, abrupt turns, like cells moving on FN in vitro, and c ...
Cell cycle: Checkpoint proteins and kinetochores
... organisms from which they were isolated. Interestingly, in all three organisms, the checkpoint proteins only localize to the kinetochores of cells in prophase and prometaphase, prior to proper chromosome alignment on the metaphase plate, or of cells that have been treated with nocodazole to depolyme ...
... organisms from which they were isolated. Interestingly, in all three organisms, the checkpoint proteins only localize to the kinetochores of cells in prophase and prometaphase, prior to proper chromosome alignment on the metaphase plate, or of cells that have been treated with nocodazole to depolyme ...
2nd week of developement
... isolated cavity, the extraembryonic coelom. This fluid-filled cavity surrounds the amnion and umbilical vesicle, except where they are attached to the chorion by the connecting stalk. ...
... isolated cavity, the extraembryonic coelom. This fluid-filled cavity surrounds the amnion and umbilical vesicle, except where they are attached to the chorion by the connecting stalk. ...
The Role of the Cell Cycle Machinery in
... Cell cycle activity is required for plant growth and development, but its involvement in the early events that initiate seedling development remains to be clarified. We performed experiments aimed at understanding when cell cycle progression is activated during seed germination, and what its contrib ...
... Cell cycle activity is required for plant growth and development, but its involvement in the early events that initiate seedling development remains to be clarified. We performed experiments aimed at understanding when cell cycle progression is activated during seed germination, and what its contrib ...
The AMF-R tubule is a smooth ilimaquinone
... (Fig. 1). In untreated cells, AMF-R tubules exhibit a linear morphology and extend to the cell periphery in alignment with the microtubule cytoskeleton (Fig. 1a,b). After treatment with IQ for 30 minutes the microtubules are extensively depolymerized and the AMF-R labeling exhibits a punctate distri ...
... (Fig. 1). In untreated cells, AMF-R tubules exhibit a linear morphology and extend to the cell periphery in alignment with the microtubule cytoskeleton (Fig. 1a,b). After treatment with IQ for 30 minutes the microtubules are extensively depolymerized and the AMF-R labeling exhibits a punctate distri ...
Coombes JL, Han SJ, van Rooijen N, Raulet DH, Robey EA. 2012. Infection-induced regulation of natural killer cells by macrophages and collagen at the lymph node subcapsular sinus. Cell rep 2(1):124-135.
... orchestrate interactions between immune cells and pathogens during infection, thus dictating the nature of immune responses and the outcome of infection. Recent advances in fluorescent labeling of living immune cells and pathogens, and imaging methods to detect these labels within tissues, now make ...
... orchestrate interactions between immune cells and pathogens during infection, thus dictating the nature of immune responses and the outcome of infection. Recent advances in fluorescent labeling of living immune cells and pathogens, and imaging methods to detect these labels within tissues, now make ...
Root-knot nematodes manipulate plant cell functions during a
... Several additional genes encoding cell wall proteins (e.g. hydrolases, structural proteins) have been identified as potentially induced or repressed upon infestation (Jammes et al., 2005). Giant cells are metabolically hyperactive and form a nutrient sink for the nematode. There is evidence that sug ...
... Several additional genes encoding cell wall proteins (e.g. hydrolases, structural proteins) have been identified as potentially induced or repressed upon infestation (Jammes et al., 2005). Giant cells are metabolically hyperactive and form a nutrient sink for the nematode. There is evidence that sug ...
Interferon-α (IFN-α) suppresses HTLV-1 gene
... expression are thought to be very low in vivo. HTLV-1 mRNA, but not proteins, are detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HTLV-1-infected individuals [6]. Although undetectable, a low level of HTLV-1 proteins must be present in vivo, as HTLV-1-infected individuals maintain antibo ...
... expression are thought to be very low in vivo. HTLV-1 mRNA, but not proteins, are detectable in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HTLV-1-infected individuals [6]. Although undetectable, a low level of HTLV-1 proteins must be present in vivo, as HTLV-1-infected individuals maintain antibo ...
HAUSP, a deubiquitinating enzyme for p53, is polyubiquitinated
... regions between nucleosomes. As expected, rHAUSP-transfected HeLa cells died completely. We observed extracted genomic DNA from apoptotic HeLa cells induced by rHAUSP and rHAUSP (C224S), visualized as DNA ladders, indicating that these cells are apoptotic (data not shown). We also investigated the e ...
... regions between nucleosomes. As expected, rHAUSP-transfected HeLa cells died completely. We observed extracted genomic DNA from apoptotic HeLa cells induced by rHAUSP and rHAUSP (C224S), visualized as DNA ladders, indicating that these cells are apoptotic (data not shown). We also investigated the e ...
PDF
... each cell type separately. In our example, a single RPC would produce cell type A, then B, C, etc., although each RPC does not necessarily make all cell types. We call this the ‘stepwise model’. A strict stepwise model would fit data that show a sequence of genesis with the ordinal position of each ...
... each cell type separately. In our example, a single RPC would produce cell type A, then B, C, etc., although each RPC does not necessarily make all cell types. We call this the ‘stepwise model’. A strict stepwise model would fit data that show a sequence of genesis with the ordinal position of each ...
Defining retinal progenitor cell competence in
... each cell type separately. In our example, a single RPC would produce cell type A, then B, C, etc., although each RPC does not necessarily make all cell types. We call this the ‘stepwise model’. A strict stepwise model would fit data that show a sequence of genesis with the ordinal position of each ...
... each cell type separately. In our example, a single RPC would produce cell type A, then B, C, etc., although each RPC does not necessarily make all cell types. We call this the ‘stepwise model’. A strict stepwise model would fit data that show a sequence of genesis with the ordinal position of each ...
Mechanism of platelet dense granule biogenesis: study of cargo
... megakaryocytes (MKs). These cells are difficult to isolate, culture, and manipulate, which explains this knowledge gap. Thus, the lack of convenient systems to study DG formation at the cellular and molecular level has been a major limitation, leaving the mechanism involved in biogenesis unclear. Un ...
... megakaryocytes (MKs). These cells are difficult to isolate, culture, and manipulate, which explains this knowledge gap. Thus, the lack of convenient systems to study DG formation at the cellular and molecular level has been a major limitation, leaving the mechanism involved in biogenesis unclear. Un ...
The tRNA methyltransferase Dnmt2 is required foraccurate
... engraftment rates of wild-type bone marrow cells in mutant or wildtype hosts up to tertiary recipients (Fig EV1D). In addition, we detected multi-lineage reconstitution in all mice analyzed. Nevertheless, upon the third round of transplantation, a bias toward myeloid differentiation could be observe ...
... engraftment rates of wild-type bone marrow cells in mutant or wildtype hosts up to tertiary recipients (Fig EV1D). In addition, we detected multi-lineage reconstitution in all mice analyzed. Nevertheless, upon the third round of transplantation, a bias toward myeloid differentiation could be observe ...
PDF - Theranostics
... sequences. Unlike other cross-sectional modalities, such as, PET, SPECT, and CT, MRI is free from the issue of ionizing radiation with arbitrary imaging planes and provides multiplanar imaging capabilities. Ultrasound and optical imaging are limited in their ability to detect signals through deep ti ...
... sequences. Unlike other cross-sectional modalities, such as, PET, SPECT, and CT, MRI is free from the issue of ionizing radiation with arbitrary imaging planes and provides multiplanar imaging capabilities. Ultrasound and optical imaging are limited in their ability to detect signals through deep ti ...
Probing cytoplasmic viscosity in the confined geometry of
... but this approach requires being able to image and track single fluorescently labeled targets in three dimensions, over the time scales relevant to the objects’ motion [25]. FCS is an attractive alternative [17, 26], which does not use information at the single-particle level, however, it does requi ...
... but this approach requires being able to image and track single fluorescently labeled targets in three dimensions, over the time scales relevant to the objects’ motion [25]. FCS is an attractive alternative [17, 26], which does not use information at the single-particle level, however, it does requi ...
Regulation of the human vitamin C transporters expressed in COS
... Cell culture and transient transfection. Monkey kidney COS-1 cells (from the European Collection of Cell Cultures) were grown at 37°C in 95% humidified air-5% CO2 in DMEM containing 10% heat-inactivated FCS, 2 mM glutamine, and 100 International Units penicillin-streptomycin. Cells were subcultured ...
... Cell culture and transient transfection. Monkey kidney COS-1 cells (from the European Collection of Cell Cultures) were grown at 37°C in 95% humidified air-5% CO2 in DMEM containing 10% heat-inactivated FCS, 2 mM glutamine, and 100 International Units penicillin-streptomycin. Cells were subcultured ...
04-Membranes-Organelles
... Arise from the Golgi complex They contain enzymes that break down macromolecules Function in intracellular digestion of Worn-out cellular components Substances taken into cells The resulting material is then recycled ...
... Arise from the Golgi complex They contain enzymes that break down macromolecules Function in intracellular digestion of Worn-out cellular components Substances taken into cells The resulting material is then recycled ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.