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d-glucose-sensitive neurosecretory cells of the crab cancer borealis
... For the electrophysiological recordings, we preferentially selected cells with soma diameters in the range 45–55 µm to increase the chances of recording from a CHH+ cell. We recorded electrophysiologically from 211 neurons that had been in culture for 2–6 days. 105 neurons responded to Dglucose with ...
... For the electrophysiological recordings, we preferentially selected cells with soma diameters in the range 45–55 µm to increase the chances of recording from a CHH+ cell. We recorded electrophysiologically from 211 neurons that had been in culture for 2–6 days. 105 neurons responded to Dglucose with ...
Microtubules and the Evolution of Mitosis
... Thus, plant mitosis is peculiar, not only with respect to its cellular details, but also because it plays a tremendous role in establishing a developmental pattern. This peculiarity is connected with the presence of a cell wall, excluding cell migration as the morphogenetic mechanism (central to dev ...
... Thus, plant mitosis is peculiar, not only with respect to its cellular details, but also because it plays a tremendous role in establishing a developmental pattern. This peculiarity is connected with the presence of a cell wall, excluding cell migration as the morphogenetic mechanism (central to dev ...
Chapter 4 Review Questions
... 39. The statement “Cells are produced only from existing cells” is part of the ____________________. 40. The ratio of surface area to ____________________ puts limitations on a cell’s size. 41. Eukaryotic cells are much larger and have more specialized functions than prokaryotic cells because they c ...
... 39. The statement “Cells are produced only from existing cells” is part of the ____________________. 40. The ratio of surface area to ____________________ puts limitations on a cell’s size. 41. Eukaryotic cells are much larger and have more specialized functions than prokaryotic cells because they c ...
Lecture 15 Dev Bio JS
... Determination of ectoderm during newt gastrulation The ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis on one side and neural ectoderm on the other side Replacement of presumptive epidermis of a nonpigmented strain with the presumptive neural ectoderm of a pigmented strain produced a pigmented epidermis w ...
... Determination of ectoderm during newt gastrulation The ectoderm gives rise to the epidermis on one side and neural ectoderm on the other side Replacement of presumptive epidermis of a nonpigmented strain with the presumptive neural ectoderm of a pigmented strain produced a pigmented epidermis w ...
between TLRs and FcRs Polyfunctional Th Cells by Cross
... through ITAM signaling, and FcgRIIB, which contains ITIM and, hence, is an inhibitory receptor. FcR-induced effector functions include phagocytosis, endocytosis, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, superoxide production, release of cytokines, calcium mobilization, and Ag presentation (10, 13). Intri ...
... through ITAM signaling, and FcgRIIB, which contains ITIM and, hence, is an inhibitory receptor. FcR-induced effector functions include phagocytosis, endocytosis, Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, superoxide production, release of cytokines, calcium mobilization, and Ag presentation (10, 13). Intri ...
Cook Dev Cell 2003
... The Drosophila compound eye consists of ⵑ750 independently functioning ommatidia, each containing two photoreceptor subpopulations. The outer photoreceptors participate in motion detection, while the inner photoreceptors contribute to color vision. Although the inner photoreceptors, R7 and R8, termi ...
... The Drosophila compound eye consists of ⵑ750 independently functioning ommatidia, each containing two photoreceptor subpopulations. The outer photoreceptors participate in motion detection, while the inner photoreceptors contribute to color vision. Although the inner photoreceptors, R7 and R8, termi ...
Restricted growth of Utype infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus
... Coronaviruses, by contrast, generally show a restricted host range that is mediated by specific interaction of the viral spike protein with glycoproteins on the host cell surface (Holmes, Zelus, Schickli & Weiss 2001). For rhabdoviruses, the viral G protein is the only viral protein on the external ...
... Coronaviruses, by contrast, generally show a restricted host range that is mediated by specific interaction of the viral spike protein with glycoproteins on the host cell surface (Holmes, Zelus, Schickli & Weiss 2001). For rhabdoviruses, the viral G protein is the only viral protein on the external ...
PDF
... Hox11 genes are necessary for specifying the metanephric identity from more anterior or mesonephric IM. In the most anterior IM and at earlier stages, Hox genes also appear to set the boundary for competence to respond to the mediolateral IM patterning signals described in the previous section (Fig. ...
... Hox11 genes are necessary for specifying the metanephric identity from more anterior or mesonephric IM. In the most anterior IM and at earlier stages, Hox genes also appear to set the boundary for competence to respond to the mediolateral IM patterning signals described in the previous section (Fig. ...
Maintenance of Shoot and Floral Meristem Cell
... Vijay K. Sharma and Jennifer C. Fletcher* United States Department of Agriculture-Plant Gene Expression Center, Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California at Berkeley, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710 To cope with environmental changes, animals respond by altering ...
... Vijay K. Sharma and Jennifer C. Fletcher* United States Department of Agriculture-Plant Gene Expression Center, Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California at Berkeley, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710 To cope with environmental changes, animals respond by altering ...
RNA interference screening in Drosophila primary cells for genes
... To facilitate the genetic analysis of muscle assembly and maintenance, we have developed a method for efficient RNA interference (RNAi) in Drosophila primary cells using double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). First, using molecular markers, we confirm and extend the observation that myogenesis in primary cu ...
... To facilitate the genetic analysis of muscle assembly and maintenance, we have developed a method for efficient RNA interference (RNAi) in Drosophila primary cells using double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). First, using molecular markers, we confirm and extend the observation that myogenesis in primary cu ...
Formation Costimulation in Immunological Synapse Live
... FIGURE 1. Surface phenotype and functional characterization of transfected fibroblast APC. A, Schematic of the MCC:I-Ek:GFP construct used to transfect fibroblasts. B, I-Ek expression on CD80highLtk⫺ (gray line) compared with MCC clone A (thin line) cells. To better mimic physiologic conditions, MCC ...
... FIGURE 1. Surface phenotype and functional characterization of transfected fibroblast APC. A, Schematic of the MCC:I-Ek:GFP construct used to transfect fibroblasts. B, I-Ek expression on CD80highLtk⫺ (gray line) compared with MCC clone A (thin line) cells. To better mimic physiologic conditions, MCC ...
Breaking dogmas: the plant vascular pathogen Xanthomonas
... and (iii) transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We demonstrate that X. albilineans is not only able to infect and to move within the xylem, but is also able to invade apparently intact parenchymatous cells, as well as other non-vascular cells, a feature that has not been described for any plant pa ...
... and (iii) transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We demonstrate that X. albilineans is not only able to infect and to move within the xylem, but is also able to invade apparently intact parenchymatous cells, as well as other non-vascular cells, a feature that has not been described for any plant pa ...
UBXD4, a UBX-Containing Protein, Regulates the Cell Surface
... Immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy confirmed the interaction of UBXD4 with ␣3-containing nAChRs (␣3* nAChRs) expressed in HEK293 cells, PC12 cells, and rat cortical neurons. Overexpression of UBXD4 in differentiated PC12 cells (dPC12) increased nAChR cell surface expression, especially that ...
... Immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy confirmed the interaction of UBXD4 with ␣3-containing nAChRs (␣3* nAChRs) expressed in HEK293 cells, PC12 cells, and rat cortical neurons. Overexpression of UBXD4 in differentiated PC12 cells (dPC12) increased nAChR cell surface expression, especially that ...
Metode Mikrobiologis - Selamat Datang di Komunitas e
... A pure culture is a culture consisting of only one kind of microorganism Aseptic technique is technique which involves avoiding any contact of the pure culture, using sterile medium, and using sterile surfaces of the growth vessel with contaminating microorganisms How to accomplish it? ...
... A pure culture is a culture consisting of only one kind of microorganism Aseptic technique is technique which involves avoiding any contact of the pure culture, using sterile medium, and using sterile surfaces of the growth vessel with contaminating microorganisms How to accomplish it? ...
The hypersensitive response and the induction of cell death in plants
... et al, 1994). Such rapid responses could make detection of intermediate steps almost impossible using fixed tissues. As yet there is no specific molecular or cytological marker in plants which would allow clear discrimination between necrosis and the HR. Therefore recent investigations have often ap ...
... et al, 1994). Such rapid responses could make detection of intermediate steps almost impossible using fixed tissues. As yet there is no specific molecular or cytological marker in plants which would allow clear discrimination between necrosis and the HR. Therefore recent investigations have often ap ...
PERSPECTIVE
... pattern, this does not mean that it can be classified as bona fide morphogen, as a signalling molecule may function through a relay of intermediate signals within the target cells2. An additional criterion central to proving whether a signalling molecule is a morphogen is the demonstration that it f ...
... pattern, this does not mean that it can be classified as bona fide morphogen, as a signalling molecule may function through a relay of intermediate signals within the target cells2. An additional criterion central to proving whether a signalling molecule is a morphogen is the demonstration that it f ...
COMPLETE BIOLOGY Table of contents I. Chemistry II. Cells III
... - Channel proteins: provide passageway through membrane for hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances (polar, and charged). **- Recognition proteins: such as major-histocompatibility complex on macrophage to distinguish between self and foreign; they are glycoproteins due to oligosaccharides attached. ...
... - Channel proteins: provide passageway through membrane for hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances (polar, and charged). **- Recognition proteins: such as major-histocompatibility complex on macrophage to distinguish between self and foreign; they are glycoproteins due to oligosaccharides attached. ...
Compound 48/80 Activates Mast Cell Phospholipase D
... was conducted with RBL-2H3 cells because the expression of Gi proteins is enhanced more than 7-fold in these cells after treatment with quercetin (Senyshyn et al., 1998). This treatment also transforms the cell from an unresponsive to a compound 48/80-responsive phenotype, thus providing a useful ne ...
... was conducted with RBL-2H3 cells because the expression of Gi proteins is enhanced more than 7-fold in these cells after treatment with quercetin (Senyshyn et al., 1998). This treatment also transforms the cell from an unresponsive to a compound 48/80-responsive phenotype, thus providing a useful ne ...
Autocrine Effects of Fibroblast Growth Factor in Repair of Radiation
... irradiation (to a final concentration of 200 ng/ml, equivalent to approximately 10 ng/ml of purified recombinant bFGF), since control unirradiated BAEC failed to form colonies on the HR9/ECM in the absence of bFGF (23). The intent of the relatively long delay in bFGF addition was to permit enough ti ...
... irradiation (to a final concentration of 200 ng/ml, equivalent to approximately 10 ng/ml of purified recombinant bFGF), since control unirradiated BAEC failed to form colonies on the HR9/ECM in the absence of bFGF (23). The intent of the relatively long delay in bFGF addition was to permit enough ti ...
Cell movements driving neuruiation in avian embryos
... autonomously within these regions and whether the associated changes that occur in the shape of its neurepithelial cells (i.e. wedging and increase in neurepithelial cell height) are induced by surface epithelium have not been studied. Folding of the neural plate, the uplifting of the neural folds w ...
... autonomously within these regions and whether the associated changes that occur in the shape of its neurepithelial cells (i.e. wedging and increase in neurepithelial cell height) are induced by surface epithelium have not been studied. Folding of the neural plate, the uplifting of the neural folds w ...
protists2
... produce motile (moving) cells during part of their like cycle. Also, these protists surround and engulf bacteria as food. Slime molds live as separate cells most of their lives, feeding on bacteria. When conditions get harsh, they aggregate into a multicellular slug, which migrates to a new location ...
... produce motile (moving) cells during part of their like cycle. Also, these protists surround and engulf bacteria as food. Slime molds live as separate cells most of their lives, feeding on bacteria. When conditions get harsh, they aggregate into a multicellular slug, which migrates to a new location ...
Early signaling events that underlie fate decisions of naive CD4 T
... cells from Rag1 / OT-II TCR-transgenic mice on a scurfy background, which lack functional Foxp3, still fail to undergo Th17 differentiation under Th17-polarizing conditions if IL-2 is added to the culture (24). STAT5 has been shown to compete with STAT3 for binding to multiple sites within the Il17a ...
... cells from Rag1 / OT-II TCR-transgenic mice on a scurfy background, which lack functional Foxp3, still fail to undergo Th17 differentiation under Th17-polarizing conditions if IL-2 is added to the culture (24). STAT5 has been shown to compete with STAT3 for binding to multiple sites within the Il17a ...
Effect of shRNA knockdown of protein complex subunits on complex
... subunit of the same complex in medium containing 15N-Arg (Ajinomoto). Another culture was treated with lacZ shRNA U6Entry clones in non-labeled control medium. The cultures were combined and protein complexes purified using Streptavidin agarose. The complex subunits were digested with trypsin and di ...
... subunit of the same complex in medium containing 15N-Arg (Ajinomoto). Another culture was treated with lacZ shRNA U6Entry clones in non-labeled control medium. The cultures were combined and protein complexes purified using Streptavidin agarose. The complex subunits were digested with trypsin and di ...
DNA methylation affects the cell cycle transcription of the CtrA global
... Fig. 2. ctrA transcript levels in CcrM mutant strains. (A) Representative phosphorimage of ctrA and rrnA transcripts assayed by RNase protection in wild-type (wt), LS1 and LS2144 cultures grown in PYE + 0.1% xylose (X) or PYE + 0.1% glucose for 3 h (G). The excess, undigested ctrA probe and transcri ...
... Fig. 2. ctrA transcript levels in CcrM mutant strains. (A) Representative phosphorimage of ctrA and rrnA transcripts assayed by RNase protection in wild-type (wt), LS1 and LS2144 cultures grown in PYE + 0.1% xylose (X) or PYE + 0.1% glucose for 3 h (G). The excess, undigested ctrA probe and transcri ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.